有机肥施用量对免耕半固态直播水稻秧苗素质的影响

以早稻品种中早39为材料,研究了有机肥施用量对免耕半固态直播水稻秧苗素质的影响。结果表明:免耕半固态直播水稻秧苗素质总体优于传统直播,而不同有机肥施用量也对免耕半固态直播水稻秧苗出苗率、地上地下部干物质重、茎基宽、根活力、叶绿素含量、壮苗指数等影响显著,其中有机肥与稀泥配比为0.10︰1时水稻秧苗素质最好,可为水稻高产打下良好的基础。

稻田养鸭对土壤养分及水稻生物量和产量的影响

稻田养鸭作为一种水稻绿色生产技术,能有效节肥减药,对粮食安全和土壤改良具有重要的积极意义。为探明稻田养鸭对土壤养分和直播水稻生长的影响,设置“稻草粉碎还田+养鸭”(FD)和“稻草粉碎还田”(FR)2个处理,种植杂交稻H优518;设置“稻草灰化还田+养鸭”(SD)和“稻草灰化还田”(SR)2个处理,种植常规稻中早39。通过测定水稻生育特性和产量等指标,土壤全量养分和速效养分等指标,进行对比试验。结果表明:稻田养鸭能显著降低直播水稻株高2.1~4.2 cm,稻草粉碎还田养鸭显著增加直播水稻有效穗数52.16万穗/hm^2,达19.17%,从而显著增加当季直播水稻产量10.87 kg/667m^2,达3.46%,稻草灰化还田养鸭对直播水稻有效穗和产量无显著影响。稻草粉碎还田条件下养鸭使成熟期单株水稻生物量增加12.58%,其中穗干重增加12.96%。稻田养鸭增加种植后土壤全钾含量2.1%~3.92%,使土壤有机质含量增加了10.98%~16.74%,稻草粉碎还田条件下养鸭处理减少了种植后土壤速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量,而稻草灰化还田条件下养鸭增加种植后土壤速效氮含量8.38 mg/kg,达15.14%。

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application Amount on Seedling Quality under No-tillage Semi-Solid State Direct Seeding

With early rice variety Zhongzao 39 as test material,this paper investigated the effects of organic fertilizer application rate on seedling quality under no-tillage semi-solid state direct seeding.The results showed that the seedling quality of no-tillage semi-solid direct seeding was better than that of traditional direct seeding,and different application rates of organic fertilizer under no-tillage semi-solid direct seeding also had signi ficant effects on seedling emergence rate,dry matter weight in ground and underground,stem base width,root activity,chlorophyll content and seedling growth index of rice seedlings.When the organic fertilizer dosage was A4(0.10∶1),it was most beneficial to the growth and development of rice seedlings under no-tillage semi-solid state direct seeding,it could effectively improve the quality of rice seedlings and enhance their resistances,the cultivated seedlings could lay a good foundation for high yield of rice in late stage.