Development and progress in polymer materials foranti-corrosion and anti-fouling applications:A review

Corrosion has always been a difficult problem that troubles and restricts the application and development ofengineering materials.By endowing coatings on metal surfaces with polymer material,it is possible to protect othermaterials from factors including acid and alkali,water vapor,bacteria.Therefore,it is necessary to summarize theresearch progress of polymer materials in the field of pollution and corrosion prevention in recent years.This articlesummarizes four types of polymer materials with good weather resistance:polyurethane(PU),polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS),polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF),and polyvinylidene chloride(PVDC).These four polymer materials aresuitable for making polymer anti-corrosion or anti-fouling materials and each has its own characteristics.PU can firmlyadhere to various substrates,effectively protecting and extending their lifespan,but the environmentally friendly varietiescurrently used,namely water-borne polyurethanes(WPU),generally have poor mechanical properties.PDMS is nontoxicand has excellent hydrophobicity,but its static anti-fouling ability is insufficient when applied in the field of antifouling.PVDF has good chemical resistance and high mechanical properties,good UV resistance making it suitable foroutdoor use like in the marine environment.However,PVDF lacks flexibility after molding and its manufacturing cost isrelatively high.PVDC has excellent water vapor barrier properties,but poor adhesion to metal material surfaces.Therefore,researchers need to modify these four polymers when using them to solve the problem of corrosion orbiofouling.The article will review the research progress of four types of polymers in recent years from the perspectivesof anti-corrosion,anti-fouling,and a strategy named as self-healing that is beneficial for protecting polymer surfacesfrom mechanical damage,and summarize the modification methods adopted by researchers when applying thesematerials.Finally,a summary of the application and the prospects of these polymer materials are presented.

磁性竹节状中空碳纳米纤维的制备及吸附研究

以葡萄糖为碳源,硝酸钴为钴源,去离子水做溶剂合成前驱体,采用压力诱导的方法将前驱体注入到阳极氧化铝模板(Anodized Aluminum Oxide,AAO)的纳米孔道内,经加热处理后,在模板的纳米孔道内合成了具有微孔结构的一维磁性中空碳纳米纤维(magnetic hollow carbon nanofibers,MHCFs),使用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、拉曼光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、氮气吸附、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)对样品进行表征,使用振动样品磁强计(VSM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、Zeta电位分析仪对改性前后产物进行性质考察,结果表明,合成的MHCFs呈中空状,直径约为200 nm,石墨化程度较好,MHCFs上均匀分散着Co2C纳米颗粒,其晶型为面心立方晶系,磁性为超顺磁性,利用磁性可以将其分离。使用过氧化氢对产物进行改性,考察pH值和吸附剂用量对吸附性能的影响,并用静态和动态吸附实验考察其吸附行为,吸附试验结果表明,对亚甲基蓝的吸附率达到98.78%,吸附行为符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学方程。

海胆状Eu_2O_3/Ag_3VO_4复合材料的水热合成及其光致发光性能

以硝酸银和氧化铕为金属源,P123为结构导向剂,乙醇和水为溶剂。本文通过前驱体合成路线,采用水热法得到海胆状Eu_2O_3/Ag_3VO_4微球,并探讨其合成条件;采用SEM、XRD、XPS等方法对样品进行了表征,并探讨了Eu_2O_3/Ag_3VO_4海胆状微纳米结构的形成过程。测试结果表明:在反应温度为80℃,反应时间为10 h时,所合成的海胆状Eu_2O_3/Ag_3VO_4微球直径约为4~5μm。针对合成的样品,研究了海胆状Eu_2O_3/Ag_3VO_4微球的光致发光性能,并考察Eu^(3+)掺杂量对光致发光性能的影响,当Eu^(3+)掺杂量为4%时,样品具有最好的光致发光性能。