The Songke No.2 well (eastern hole)(referred to as Well SK-2),one of the "two wells and four holes"of the Deep Continental Scientific Drilling Engineering Project in the Songliao Basin,is in Anda City, Heilo...The Songke No.2 well (eastern hole)(referred to as Well SK-2),one of the "two wells and four holes"of the Deep Continental Scientific Drilling Engineering Project in the Songliao Basin,is in Anda City, Heilongjiang Province,and was officially completed on May 26,2018.Tlie scientific goals of Well SK-2 cover four aspects:paleoclimate research,resource and energy exploration,primary geological research, and development of deep earth exploration techniques.Since the official commencement of drilling in 2014,the Well SK-2 scientific drilling engineering team has organized and implemented drilling for coring,in situ logging,chemical analysis of core elements,and deep structural exploration around the well.Currently,the following preliminary scientific research progress has been made:4334.81 m in situ core data has been obtained;the centimeter-level high-resolution characterization of the most complete and continuous Cretaceous continental strata ever unearthed has been completed,and the standard profile of continental strata has been initially established;the unconventional natural gas resources and basin-type hot dry rocks in the deep Songliao Basin were found to have good prospects for exploration and development;the climatic evolutionary history of the Cretaceous continental strata was rebuilt for the first time,covering hundreds of thousands to millions of years,and the major events of Cretaceous climate fluctuations have been discovered;all these reveal strong evidence for the subduction and aggregation of paleo-ocean plates,providing a theoretical basis for the re-recognition of the genesis of the Songliao Basin and for deep earth oil and gas exploration.The implementation of the Deep Continental Scientific Drilling Engineering Project in the Songliao Basin is of great significance for exploring the mysteries of the Earth and solving major problems such as those related to the deep energy environment.It is a solid step along the road of "going deep into the Earth".展开更多
In this review,we introduce the current state of the art of the growth technology of pure,lightly doped,and heavily doped(solid solution)nonlinear gallium selenide(GaSe)crystals that are able to generate broadband emi...In this review,we introduce the current state of the art of the growth technology of pure,lightly doped,and heavily doped(solid solution)nonlinear gallium selenide(GaSe)crystals that are able to generate broadband emission from the near infrared(IR)(0.8 mm)through the mid-and far-IR(terahertz(THz))ranges and further into the millimeter wave(5.64 mm)range.For the first time,we show that appropriate doping is an efficient method controlling a range of the physical properties of GaSe crystals that are responsible for frequency conversion efficiency and exploitation parameters.After appropriate doping,uniform crystals grown by a modified technology with heat field rotation possess up to 3 times lower absorption coefficient in the main transparency window and THz range.Moreover,doping provides the following benefits:raises by up to 5 times the optical damage threshold;almost eliminates two-photon absorption;allows for dispersion control in the THz range independent of the mid-IR dispersion;and enables crystal processing in arbitrary directions due to the strengthened lattice.Finally,doped GaSe demonstrated better usefulness for processing compared with GaSe grown by the conventional technology and up to 15 times higher frequency conversion efficiency.展开更多
基金the Chinese Geological Survey Program (DD20160207,DD20189702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41474081).
文摘The Songke No.2 well (eastern hole)(referred to as Well SK-2),one of the "two wells and four holes"of the Deep Continental Scientific Drilling Engineering Project in the Songliao Basin,is in Anda City, Heilongjiang Province,and was officially completed on May 26,2018.Tlie scientific goals of Well SK-2 cover four aspects:paleoclimate research,resource and energy exploration,primary geological research, and development of deep earth exploration techniques.Since the official commencement of drilling in 2014,the Well SK-2 scientific drilling engineering team has organized and implemented drilling for coring,in situ logging,chemical analysis of core elements,and deep structural exploration around the well.Currently,the following preliminary scientific research progress has been made:4334.81 m in situ core data has been obtained;the centimeter-level high-resolution characterization of the most complete and continuous Cretaceous continental strata ever unearthed has been completed,and the standard profile of continental strata has been initially established;the unconventional natural gas resources and basin-type hot dry rocks in the deep Songliao Basin were found to have good prospects for exploration and development;the climatic evolutionary history of the Cretaceous continental strata was rebuilt for the first time,covering hundreds of thousands to millions of years,and the major events of Cretaceous climate fluctuations have been discovered;all these reveal strong evidence for the subduction and aggregation of paleo-ocean plates,providing a theoretical basis for the re-recognition of the genesis of the Songliao Basin and for deep earth oil and gas exploration.The implementation of the Deep Continental Scientific Drilling Engineering Project in the Songliao Basin is of great significance for exploring the mysteries of the Earth and solving major problems such as those related to the deep energy environment.It is a solid step along the road of "going deep into the Earth".
基金This work is supported in part by the Visiting Professor Program of State Key Laboratory of Laser Interaction with Matter of Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics CAS,Changchun,China,the Open Fund by State Key Laboratory of Laser Interaction with Matter(No.SKLLIM1012)the RNF(Project No.15-19-10021,physical properties study),the Tomsk State University(8.1.51.2015)+1 种基金Tomsk Regional Common Use Center,with the support of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science(Agreement No.14.594.21.0001,code RFMEFI59414X0001,spectroscopic study)the Presidium SB RAS,Project VIII.80.2.4(optical properties study in THz range).
文摘In this review,we introduce the current state of the art of the growth technology of pure,lightly doped,and heavily doped(solid solution)nonlinear gallium selenide(GaSe)crystals that are able to generate broadband emission from the near infrared(IR)(0.8 mm)through the mid-and far-IR(terahertz(THz))ranges and further into the millimeter wave(5.64 mm)range.For the first time,we show that appropriate doping is an efficient method controlling a range of the physical properties of GaSe crystals that are responsible for frequency conversion efficiency and exploitation parameters.After appropriate doping,uniform crystals grown by a modified technology with heat field rotation possess up to 3 times lower absorption coefficient in the main transparency window and THz range.Moreover,doping provides the following benefits:raises by up to 5 times the optical damage threshold;almost eliminates two-photon absorption;allows for dispersion control in the THz range independent of the mid-IR dispersion;and enables crystal processing in arbitrary directions due to the strengthened lattice.Finally,doped GaSe demonstrated better usefulness for processing compared with GaSe grown by the conventional technology and up to 15 times higher frequency conversion efficiency.