This paper presents a comprehensive and critical review of mold flux entrainment mechanisms in continuous casting of steel.Entrainment introduces inclusions into the final product,and thus greatly hinders clean steel ...This paper presents a comprehensive and critical review of mold flux entrainment mechanisms in continuous casting of steel.Entrainment introduces inclusions into the final product,and thus greatly hinders clean steel production.By understanding the mechanisms that cause entrainment,the operating conditions of casters can be tuned to reduce the number of defects.Nine different mechanisms have been proposed over the last three decades,including vortex formation around the submerged entry nozzle(SEN),argon bubble interactions with the slag layer,shear-layer instability at the slag-steel interface,excessive upward flow impingement upon the meniscus, top surface level fluctuations,meniscus freezing and hook formation,top surface 'balding',top surface standing wave instability,and slag crawling down the SEN.The previous work done for each of these mechanisms is presented,including both quantitative and qualitative descriptions of their behavior.展开更多
文摘This paper presents a comprehensive and critical review of mold flux entrainment mechanisms in continuous casting of steel.Entrainment introduces inclusions into the final product,and thus greatly hinders clean steel production.By understanding the mechanisms that cause entrainment,the operating conditions of casters can be tuned to reduce the number of defects.Nine different mechanisms have been proposed over the last three decades,including vortex formation around the submerged entry nozzle(SEN),argon bubble interactions with the slag layer,shear-layer instability at the slag-steel interface,excessive upward flow impingement upon the meniscus, top surface level fluctuations,meniscus freezing and hook formation,top surface 'balding',top surface standing wave instability,and slag crawling down the SEN.The previous work done for each of these mechanisms is presented,including both quantitative and qualitative descriptions of their behavior.
