民粹主义:概念界定方法之比较

民粹主义近来在世界范围内特别是欧美国家兴起,但是国内外学术界对民粹主义的概念尚未给出一个清晰且统一的定义。有学者认为民粹主义概念的不确定性源于其所指现象的复杂性、概念历史的时间性、研究背景的差异性等情况。历史法、归纳法和归类法从不同的定义逻辑方法出发所界定的概念在内涵和外延上具有显著差异,从而导致了这一概念的纷繁复杂。通过对三种定义方法在界定过程、概念特征和具体研究方法等维度进行比较分析,我们认为三者具有各自的特征、优势和局限。依据一个初步构建的评价标准体系,归类法界定的类型学概念在准确度、简洁性和稳定性三个维度中所获得的综合分值最高,其界定的概念也更易被操作化测量。在实证研究领域,民粹主义的概念性定义需要转化为操作性定义,这为在具体研究议题上寻求概念的共识性提供了可能。

Will China＇s Deliberative Mechanism Increase and Consolidate the Legitimacy of Local Government7

This paper focuses mainly on how to consolidate the legitimacy of local government. Some local practices and experiences have developed further than theories previously established in China, and offer lessons for good governance in Asia. One of the new methods is the ＂deliberative system＂ through which local governments seek innovations in governance and increases the legitimacy of their policies. This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of this mechanism, mainly based on our survey conducted in Wenlin city, Zhejiang province, Southeast China.