Electrode structure enabling dendrite inhibition for high cycle stability quasi-solid-state lithium metal batteries

Lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)are widely regarded as the ultimate choice for the next generation of high-energy–density batteries.However,the uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites formed by inhomogeneous deposition seriously hinders its commercialization.Although many studies have achieved significant results in inhibiting the formation of Li dendrites,it is still impossible to eradicate them completely.Therefore,regulating the deposition behavior,such as the growth direction of unevenly deposited Li,is preferable to unilaterally suppressing them in some cases.Here we report a structured anode that can confine the deposited Li within holes and tune it to become vertical-up/horizontal-centripetal mixed growth mode by optimizing the electric field/Li^(+)concentration gradient.The Li^(+) adsorbed by the poly(amic acid)(PAA)insulating layer coated on the anode surface can form the Li^(+)concentration gradient pointing to the center of the hole.Combined with the special electric field formed by the hole structure,it is favorable for the Li^(+)to move into the vertically arrayed holes and simultaneously deposit on the bottom and walls.Furthermore,both in-situ and ex-situ observations confirm that the growth mode is changed and the Li deposition morphology is denser,which can greatly delay capacity fading and prolong cycle life in both liquid and quasi-solid-state LMBs.All the results show that the novel anode provides a new perspective for deep research into solid-state LMBs.

Development and challenges of mental health in China

With the socioeconomic development and the acceleration of the ageing process of the population, the incidence rates of mental disorders and psycho-behavioural problems have become higher and higher worldwide. So far, the disease burden caused by mental disorders has ranked second in the world.1 In China, the disease burden caused by mental disorders accounts for 13% of all non-communicable diseases burden.2 Hence, mental health has become a major public health problem and social problem. In order to promote mental health, the Chinese government has promulgated a series of policies and regulations, as well as reform measures. Moreover, the upcoming 'China Brain Project' will also focus on some mental disorders such as autism, depression and dementia to improve mental health research in China.

Causal relationships between chronotype and risk of multiple cancers by using longitudinal data and Mendelian randomization analysis

Dear Editor,Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide,and the cancer situation is becoming more complicated(Zhou et al.,2022).The International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)Monographs Working Group classified night shift work as probably carcinogenic(Group 2A)to humans in2019(Ward et al.,2019).

Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers:a cross-sectional study in China

Background Healthcare workers fighting against the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic are under tremendous pressure,which puts them at an increased risk of developing psychological problems.Aims This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychological problems in different healthcare workers(ie,physicians,medical residents,nurses,technicians and public health professionals)during the COVID-19 pandemic in China and explore factors that are associated with the onset of psychological problems in this population during this public health crisis.Methods A cross-sectional,web-based survey was conducted in February 2020 among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Psychological problems were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,Patient Health Questionnaire and Insomnia Severity Index.Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the factors that were associated with psychological problems.Results The prevalence of symptoms of anxiety,depression,insomnia and the overall psychological problems in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China was 46.04%,44.37%,28.75%and 56.59%,respectively.The prevalence of the overall psychological problems in physicians,medical residents,nurses,technicians and public health professionals was 60.35%,50.82%,62.02%,57.54%and 62.40%,respectively.Compared with healthcare workers who did not participate in front-line work,front-line healthcare workers had a higher risk of anxiety,insomnia and overall psychological problems.In addition,attention to negative or neutral information about the pandemic,receiving negative feedback from families and friends who joined front-line work,and unwillingness to join front-line work if given a free choice were three major factors for these psychological problems.Conclusions Psychological problems are pervasive among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Receiving negative information and participating in front-line work appear to be.important risk factors for psychological problems.The psychological health of different healthcare workers should be protected during the COVID-19 pandemic with timely interventions and proper information feedback.

690合金U形传热管弯管残余应力数值模拟

研究了690合金U形传热管弯制成型以及成型后的消应力过程。通过ANSYS有限元软件进行了数值模拟,获得了弯管区的残余应力。根据分析结果,掌握了U形管残余应力分布的基本规律,从理论分析、数值模拟和试验测试3个方面进行了相互验证,为预测传热管上应力薄弱部位提供了参考。

Single-atom nanozymes with axial ligand-induced self-adaptive conformation in alkaline medium boost chemiluminescence

Mimicking the structure of natural enzymes for designing advanced alternatives provides great opportunities to address the bottleneck of enzyme-involved chemiluminescence(CL). Herein, according to theoretical calculations, we found that an endogenous axial ligand of M-N-C single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes), originating from OH-spontaneously bonding to the metal center in an alkaline medium, can self-adaptively change its strength to facilitate intermediate steps. Furthermore, the lowest energy barrier of the rate-determining step and the strongest affinity and fastest electron transfer with luminol anion endow CoN-C with the highest peroxidase-like activity. Guided by the theoretical calculations, a series of M-N-C SAzymes(M=Fe, Co,Ni) were synthesized to boost CL, where Co-N-C SAzymes with superior catalytic activity and high selective generation of O_(2)·- were validated. As a proof-of-concept, Co-N-C SAzymes were employed for sensitive detection of acetylcholinesterase and organophosphorus pesticide.

Role of oxygen vacancy in rare-earth-free LiCa_(3)Mg(VO_(4))_(3) phosphor: Enhancing photoluminescence by heat-treatment in oxygen flow

As a kind of white light emitting diode(w-LED)with many advantages,rare-earth-free vanadate phosphor has attracted more and more attention.The oxygen vacancies and other surface defects in vanadate oxide have obvious effects on its structure and properties.In order to reveal the specific effects,we heat-treat the original LiCa_(3)Mg(VO_(4))_(3)(LCMV)in an oxygen flow with different time to decrease oxygen vacancies,and find that the lattice distortion of[VO_(4)]tetrahedron caused by oxygen vacancy is effectively reduced.Meanwhile,the crystallinity of the treated samples increases,the surface defects decreases,and the fluorescence intensity increases.The variation of photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)with oxygen treatment time is as follows:the enhancement effect firstly reaches the strongest(69.34%)within one hour,then begins to decline after two hours,and finally reaches the platform after three hours and remains basically unchanged.The reason for the enhancement of PLQY is the decrease of oxygen vacancy after one-hour treatment,and the reason for the decrease of PLQY after a further increased treatment time is that the absorption of oxygen and water in air caused by excessive surface defects introduced by oxygen treatment.

Online Survey on Accessing Psychological Knowledge and Interventions During the COVID-19 Pandemic-China, 2020

Summary What is already known on this topic?The public was at elevated risk of mental health illnesses during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,so accessibility to psychological knowledge and interventions is vital to promptly respond to mental health crises.What is added by this report?During the pandemic period,40,724(71.9%)participants reportedly had access to psychological knowledge,and 36,546(64.5%)participants had accessed information on psychological interventions.Participants who were male,unmarried,living alone,divorced or widowed,or infected with COVID-19 were less likely to access psychological knowledge and intervention.

Economic“Activity-Silent”Synaptic Mechanisms of Working Memory

Working memory（WM）allows humans to hold necessary information in temporary storage and manipulate such information online for higher-order cognitive functions,such as language understanding,decision making,and problem solving.Since its first appearance in the science of psychology in the 1960s,many theories have sought to elucidate the nature of WM.The most accepted model is

新型精神健康诊疗技术的挑战与机遇——第735次香山科学会议纪要

随着社会生活压力的增加,精神疾病已成为威胁人类精神健康的重大公共卫生问题。目前精神疾病尚处于发病机制不清、客观诊断标准不足、治疗手段有限的困境。为研讨精神疾病诊疗关键技术的现阶段问题和未来发展方向,于2022年11月9—10日在北京召开了以"新型精神健康诊疗技术的挑战与机遇"为主题的香山科学会议第735次学术讨论会。

调节记忆关键时间窗口治疗精神疾病

随着社会及科技的高速发展,现代人类面临巨大的压力及突发公共卫生事件等不确定因素,各种精神疾病负担日益加重.物质成瘾及创伤后应激障碍等疾病与病理性记忆相关,它们往往因持久存在的创伤或者异常的奖赏记忆而难以治愈,尚缺乏有效的治疗及干预手段.既往研究发现抹除或者破坏创伤或者奖赏记忆是治疗此类精神障碍的关键.当已经稳定的记忆被再次唤起后,会进入一个不稳定的可干预的时间窗口,也就是“再巩固”过程,而干预记忆再巩固可作为治疗记忆相关精神疾病的重要靶点.本文综述了行为干预(如条件性和非条件线索唤起-消退心理学范式)、神经调控技术干预(如经颅磁刺激、经颅电刺激等)和药物干预等方式在特异时间窗内修改病理性记忆“再巩固”过程治疗相关精神疾病的研究进展,并对干预记忆再巩固策略的潜在优势、局限性、挑战和机遇进行了讨论.

Design,synthesis and applications of functional zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks

Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks(Zr-MOFs)have been explored for applications including but not limited to water adsorption,gas storage and separation,heterogeneous catalysis,and chemical sensing.Zr-MOFs serve as a major class of functional MOFs thanks to their high thermal,chemical and hydrolytic stability,large surface area,and tunable structures with the versatile connectivity.In this work,we highlight the design and synthesis of zirconium-based MOFs as well as their applications.Specifically,we demonstrate how reticular chemistry can direct the rational design and synthesis of functional ZrMOFs and describe their structure–property relationship.In addition,we feature synthetic strategies,including isoreticular expansion,linker functionalization,node functionalization,and defect engineering,as toolkits to construct tailored material for specific applications.

Ab initio prediction of borophene as an extraordinary anode material exhibiting ultrafast directional sodium diffusion for sodium-based batteries

Density functional theory calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are performed to study the feasibility of using borophene, a newly synthesized two-dimensional sheet of boron, as an anode material for sodium-ion and sodium–oxygen batteries. The theoretical capacity of borophene is found to be as high as1,218 m Ah g–1(Na0.5B). More importantly, it is demonstrated that the sodium diffusion energy barrier along the valley direction is as low as 0.0019 e V, which corresponds to a diffusivity of more than a thousand times higher than that of conventional anode materials such as Na2Ti3O7 and Na3Sb. Hence, the use of borophene will revolutionize the rate capability of sodium-based batteries. Moreover, it is predicted that, during the sodiation process, the average open-circuit voltage is 0.53 V, which can effectively suppress the formation of dendrites while maximizing the energy density. The metallic feature and structural integrity of borophene can be well preserved at different sodium concentrations, demonstrating good electronic conductivity and stable cyclability.

Behavioral interventions to eliminate fear responses

Fear memory underlies anxiety-related disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD). PTSD is a fear-based disorder,characterized by difficulties in extinguishing the learned fear response and maintaining extinction. Currently, the first-line treatment for PTSD is exposure therapy, which forms an extinction memory to compete with the original fear memory. However,the extinguished fear often returns under numerous circumstances, suggesting that novel methods are needed to eliminate fear memory or facilitate extinction memory. This review discusses research that targeted extinction and reconsolidation to manipulate fear memory. Recent studies indicate that sleep is an active state that can regulate memory processes. We also discuss the influence of sleep on fear memory. For each manipulation, we briefly summarize the neural mechanisms that have been identified in human studies. Finally, we highlight potential limitations and future directions in the field to better translate existing interventions to clinical settings.

A Three-Dimensional Mn^Ⅱ-[Mo^Ⅲ(CN)7]^4-Ferrimagnet Containing Formate as a Second Bridging Ligand

Summary of main observation and conclusion Serf-assembly of the [Mo(CN)7]^4-anion and the Mn^2+ ion in the aqueous solution containing ammonium formate results in a new coordination polymer,{(NH4)3[(H2O)Mn3(HCOO)][Mo(CN)7]2·4H2O}n.Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed a very complicated three-dimensional (3D)framework,where both the [Mo(CN)7]^4- and the formate anions act as bridges between the Mn^Ⅱ centers.Magnetic measurements revealed that this compound displays ferrimagnetic ordering below 70 K.Competing antiferromagnetic interactions between the spin carriers might lead to spin frustration and non-linear alignment of the magnetic moments.Specifically,this compound is the first mixed [Mo(CN)7]^4-/HCOO^- bridged molecule magnet.

Association of ABCB1 Gene Polymorphisms with Efficacy and Adverse Reaction to Risperidone or Paliperidone in Han Chinese Schizophrenic Patients

Dear editor, P-glycoprotein （P-gp, also known as ATP-binding cassette transport sub-family B member 1, ABCB1） is a potent ATP-dependent efflux pump for a wide variety of drugs. Although studies of its substrates are abundant [ 1, 2], and ABCB1 is a well-conserved gene, there is increasing evi- dence that its polymorphisms affect substrate specificity [3]. A previous study reported that the synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） C3435T （rs1045642） affects the timing of co-translational folding and insertionof P-gp into the membrane,

基于[Mo(CN)7]^(4-)的分子磁性材料研究进展

分子磁性材料是一类通过化学方法将自由基或顺磁离子及抗磁配体组合而成的具有特定磁学性质的化合物.基于三价MoⅢ中心的[Mo(CN)7]^(4-)构筑块在分子磁性材料领域有着独特的研究意义.一方面,MoⅢ和其他金属离子的强磁耦合有利于合成高Tc分子基磁体;另一方面,MoⅢ的单离子磁各向异性以及和其他金属离子之间的各向异性磁交换为构筑分子纳米磁体提供了新的思路.本文总结了基于[Mo(CN)7]^(4-)构筑块的高维磁体、低维磁体以及客体调控的磁转换材料,并对[Mo(CN)7]^(4-)构筑块在分子磁性材料领域的研究进行了展望.