焙炒和湿热预处理对5种植物油品质特性的影响

为有效提高油脂品质,以亚麻籽、油菜籽、花生、芝麻和葵花籽为原料,对其进行焙炒和湿热预处理并压榨制油,研究焙炒和湿热预处理对5种植物油感官品质、理化指标、主体组分、挥发性组分和微量营养组分的影响。结果表明:焙炒和湿热预处理对植物油的感官品质和理化指标均有影响,总体上可提高植物油的感官品质,但会使酸值和过氧化值有所增加;焙炒和湿热预处理对脂肪酸和甘三酯组成无显著影响(p>0.05);5种植物油中共检测出了82种挥发性风味成分,焙炒和湿热预处理后,菜籽油中硫苷降解产物明显增加,葵花籽油中杂环类化合物显著增加;焙炒和湿热预处理能有效提高植物油总酚含量,特别是湿热预处理芝麻油,其总酚含量是未处理的1.9倍;焙炒和湿热预处理葵花籽油的V_(E)含量较未处理的分别增加了12.7%和19.2%,但对其他植物油的V_(E)含量影响不显著(p>0.05)。综上,焙炒和湿热预处理在不影响油脂理化品质的基础上,提高了其营养品质和感官品质,是理想的油料预处理技术。

真空冷冻干燥和超声波预处理对植物油品质特性的影响

为探究低温预处理技术对植物油品质的影响,以油菜籽、亚麻籽、花生、葵花籽、芝麻为原料,进行超声波和真空冷冻干燥预处理,采用螺旋榨油机压榨制油,分析植物油感官指标(色泽、气味、黏度、透明度、滋味)、理化指标(酸值、过氧化值、色泽、水分及挥发物)、营养组分(脂肪酸、甘油三酯、总酚、维生素E)及挥发性组分的变化。结果表明:经超声波预处理,植物油的透明度、滋味和气味较好,而真空冷冻干燥预处理植物油的黏度、气味和滋味与未处理组相比变化不明显;经2种方式预处理后,5种植物油的酸值和过氧化值均符合食品安全国家标准,脂肪酸和甘油三酯组成及含量无显著性变化(p>0.05),但挥发性成分有明显变化;经真空冷冻干燥和超声波预处理,除超声波预处理葵花籽油外,植物油中总酚含量分别是未处理组的1.04~1.90倍和1.10~1.55倍,除菜籽油外,植物油中维生素E含量分别比未处理组增加了0.50%~26.56%和1.40%~49.99%。总体而言,超声波和真空冷冻干燥预处理不会造成植物油感官品质、脂肪酸和甘油三酯含量的下降,且能提高微量营养组分的含量,获得综合品质较好的植物油。

菜籽预处理方法对菜籽饼品质的影响

以菜籽为原料,分别经3种热处理(烘烤、焙炒、微波)和3种非热处理(超声、冻融、真空冷冻干燥)再螺旋压榨后提取菜籽油,获得菜籽饼,对比不同预处理对菜籽出油率、菜籽饼的基本营养成分(粗灰分、水分及挥发性物质、粗蛋白、总磷)、蛋白氨基酸含量及其组成评价和抗营养因子(硫苷、植酸、单宁)含量的影响。结果表明,焙炒组出油率最高,为33.00%,3种热处理组的出油率均显著高于3种非热处理组;不同的预处理方法会对菜籽饼水分及挥发物、粗蛋白、总磷含量有显著影响(P<0.05),尤其是粗蛋白,焙炒组相较于烘烤组粗蛋白含量减少了19.78%,制油前预处理对粗灰分含量无显著影响(P<0.05);7种菜籽饼的氨基酸总量在405.11~491.15 mg/g;烘烤组的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量、非必需氨基酸总量均最高,冻融组氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量、非必需氨基酸总量均最低,焙炒组的氨基酸组成最接近联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织推荐的氨基酸模式,超声组则相差最大;3种热处理均能有效降低菜籽饼粕中植酸和硫苷含量,真空冷冻干燥预处理能显著降低植酸含量(P<0.05)。该研究为后续菜籽饼的高值化利用提供了一定的参考依据。

烘烤和微波预处理对植物油品质特性影响的研究

选用亚麻籽、油菜籽、花生、葵花籽、芝麻5种油料,进行烘烤预处理和微波预处理,利用螺旋压榨制得5种植物油。研究2种预处理方法对5种植物油感官指标、理化指标、主体组分、挥发性组分和微量营养组分的影响。结果表明:烘烤预处理后5种植物油感官评价总分比微波预处理组高4.2~1.9分,说明烘烤预处理更有利于保持5种植物油的感官品质。预处理后5种植物油的酸价和过氧化值都有显著变化(P<0.05),其中,烘烤预处理后亚麻籽油、葵花籽油过氧化值分别增加了1.2倍和2.4倍,但均符合国家食品安全标准。2种热处理对脂肪酸和甘油三酯组成及含量无显著性影响(P<0.05),但微波预处理后,除了芝麻油,其他4种植物油UFA/SFA比例增加0.45~1.02 g/100 g。2种预处理对5种植物油挥发性物质含量也产生影响,尤其微波预处理后菜籽油和花生油中杂环类物质吡嗪类和呋喃类增加到10.25%和18.54%。2种预处理后都有利于提升5种植物油中总酚和VE含量,其中,微波预处理后芝麻油中总酚含量提升了1.7倍、葵花籽油中VE含量提升了1.5倍(1.08 g/kg)。烘烤预处理有利于提升这5种植物油感官品质,微波预预处理是制备浓香型植物油的理想工艺,同时,2种预处理都能提升植物油自身抗氧化性能。

GC-MS同时测定菜籽油中角鲨烯、生育酚和植物甾醇含量

建立一种通过GC-MS同时测定菜籽油中角鲨烯、生育酚、植物甾醇含量的方法。结果表明:方法的最佳提取条件为以正庚烷为提取溶剂、料液比1∶5(g/mL)、超声温度60℃、超声时间15 min。方法测定的菜籽油中角鲨烯、生育酚和植物甾醇的含量,均呈现良好的线性关系,R^(2)>0.999,其平均加标回收率分别为99.93%、99.44%、99.59%,相对标准偏差均小于4%,检出限为0.003~0.028 mg/mL。建立的方法重复性好、灵敏度高,可用于菜籽油中微量组分的同时测定。

Characteristics of Surface Water Quality Affected by Agricultural Non-point Sources in Guigang City

[Objectives]To analyze the influence characteristics of surface water quality by agricultural non-point sources in Guigang City of Guangxi.[Methods]The daily concentration series of water quality indicators at three state-controlled monitoring stations in Guigang City from^(2)019 to 2021 was analyzed by using Daubechies(db)wavelet,and Morlet wavelet was used to analyze the daily average concentration of water quality indicators.Continuous wavelet transform(CWT)was used to analyze the monthly concentration series of water quality indicators at three state-controlled monitoring stations in Guigang City from^(2)014 to 2021.[Results]The Daubechies(db)wavelet analysis showed that the concentrations of COD_(Mn),TP,and TN had the maximum values during June-July and October-November,and there were spatial differences among monitoring stations(COD_(Mn) concentration exceeding the standard was the most serious in Shizui,and DO concentration not up to standard was the most in Thermal Power Plant,and NH_(3)-N,TP and TN exceeding the standard was the most in Wulin Ferry).Morlet results showed that principal period of wavelet variance graphs of COD_(Mn),NH_(3)-N,and TP was 340 d,and there was the same sub-period of 140 d,and principal period of wavelet variance graph of DO was 260 d.CWT results showed that COD_(Cr) had similar resonance periods of about 1-2 and 5-7 months;BOD 5 and COD_(Mn) was dominant by the resonance period of 1-4 months(2014-2017);DO had a similar resonance period of about 1-3 months;NH_(3)-N was dominant by the resonance period of 1-5 months.[Conclusions]The surface water quality of Guigang City was mainly affected by the residual nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and pesticide residues from agricultural production activities.

A Secure and Effective Energy-Aware Fixed-Point Quantization Scheme for Asynchronous Federated Learning

Asynchronous federated learning(AsynFL)can effectivelymitigate the impact of heterogeneity of edge nodes on joint training while satisfying participant user privacy protection and data security.However,the frequent exchange of massive data can lead to excess communication overhead between edge and central nodes regardless of whether the federated learning(FL)algorithm uses synchronous or asynchronous aggregation.Therefore,there is an urgent need for a method that can simultaneously take into account device heterogeneity and edge node energy consumption reduction.This paper proposes a novel Fixed-point Asynchronous Federated Learning(FixedAsynFL)algorithm,which could mitigate the resource consumption caused by frequent data communication while alleviating the effect of device heterogeneity.FixedAsynFL uses fixed-point quantization to compress the local and global models in AsynFL.In order to balance energy consumption and learning accuracy,this paper proposed a quantization scale selection mechanism.This paper examines the mathematical relationship between the quantization scale and energy consumption of the computation/communication process in the FixedAsynFL.Based on considering the upper bound of quantization noise,this paper optimizes the quantization scale by minimizing communication and computation consumption.This paper performs pertinent experiments on the MNIST dataset with several edge nodes of different computing efficiency.The results show that the FixedAsynFL algorithm with an 8-bit quantization can significantly reduce the communication data size by 81.3%and save the computation energy in the training phase by 74.9%without significant loss of accuracy.According to the experimental results,we can see that the proposed AsynFixedFL algorithm can effectively solve the problem of device heterogeneity and energy consumption limitation of edge nodes.

Janus aramid nanofiber aerogel incorporating plasmonic nanoparticles for high-efficiency interfacial solar steam generation

Interfacial solar steam generation(ISSG)is a novel and potential solution to global freshwater crisis.Here,based on a facile sol-gel fabrication process,we demonstrate a highly scalable Janus aramid nanofiber aerogel(JANA)as a high-efficiency ISSG device.JANA performs near-perfect broadband optical absorption,rapid photothermal conversion and effective water transportation.Owning to these features,efficient desalination of salty water and purification of municipal sewage are successfully demonstrated using JANA.In addition,benefiting from the mechanical property and chemical stability of constituent aramid nanofibers,JANA not only possesses outstanding flexibility and fire-resistance properties,but its solar steaming efficiency is also free from the influences of elastic deformations and fire treatments.We envision JANA provides a promising platform for mass-production of high-efficiency ISSG devices with supplementary capabilities of convenient transportation and long-term storage,which could further promote the realistic applications of ISSG technology.

Triglyceride glucose index predicts in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who underwent primary angiography

OBJECTIVES To assess the correlation between triglyceride glucose(TyG)index and in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).METHODS A total of 2190 patients with STEMI who underwent primary angiography within 12 h from symptom onset were selected from the prospective,nationwide,multicenter CAMI registry.TyG index was calculated with the formula:Ln[fasting triglycerides(mmol/L)×fasting glucose(mmol/L)/2].Patients were divided into three groups according to the tertiles of TyG index.The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality.RESULTS Overall,46 patients died during hospitalization,in-hospital mortality was 1.5%,2.2%,2.6%for tertile 1,tertile 2,and tertile 3,respectively.However,TyG index was not significantly correlated with in-hospital mortality in single-variable logistic regression analysis.Nonetheless,after adjusting for age and sex,TyG index was significantly associated with higher mortality when regarded as a continuous variable(adjusted OR=1.75,95%CI:1.16-2.63)or categorical variable(tertile 3 vs.tertile 1:adjus-ted OR=2.50,95%CI:1.14-5.49).Furthermore,TyG index,either as a continuous variable(adjusted OR=2.54,95%CI:1.42-4.54)or categorical variable(tertile 3 vs.tertile 1:adjusted OR=3.57,95%CI:1.24-10.29),was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality after adjusting for multiple confounders in multivariable logistic regression analysis.In subgroup analysis,the pro-gnostic effect of high TyG index was more significant in patients with body mass index<18.5 kg/m2(P interaction=0.006).CONCLUSIONS This study showed that TyG index was positively correlated with in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients who underwent primary angiography,especially in underweight patients.

Identification of Key Links in Electric Power Operation Based-Spatiotemporal Mixing Convolution Neural Network

As the scale of the power system continues to expand,the environment for power operations becomes more and more complex.Existing risk management and control methods for power operations can only set the same risk detection standard and conduct the risk detection for any scenario indiscriminately.Therefore,more reliable and accurate security control methods are urgently needed.In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the operation risk management and control method,this paper proposes a method for identifying the key links in the whole process of electric power operation based on the spatiotemporal hybrid convolutional neural network.To provide early warning and control of targeted risks,first,the video stream is framed adaptively according to the pixel changes in the video stream.Then,the optimized MobileNet is used to extract the feature map of the video stream,which contains both time-series and static spatial scene information.The feature maps are combined and non-linearly mapped to realize the identification of dynamic operating scenes.Finally,training samples and test samples are produced by using the whole process image of a power company in Xinjiang as a case study,and the proposed algorithm is compared with the unimproved MobileNet.The experimental results demonstrated that the method proposed in this paper can accurately identify the type and start and end time of each operation link in the whole process of electric power operation,and has good real-time performance.The average accuracy of the algorithm can reach 87.8%,and the frame rate is 61 frames/s,which is of great significance for improving the reliability and accuracy of security control methods.

Comparative study of type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated gut microbiota between the Dai and Han populations

BACKGROUND The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is increasing.T2DM is associated with alterations of the gut microbiota,which can be affected by age,illness,and genetics.Previous studies revealed that there are discriminating microbiota compositions between the Dai and the Han populations.However,the specific gut microbiota differences between the two populations have not been elucidated.AIM To compare the gut microbiota differences in subjects with and without T2DM in the Dai and Han populations.METHODS A total of 35 subjects of the Han population(including 15 healthy children,8 adult healthy controls,and 12 adult T2DM patients)and 32 subjects of the Dai population(including 10 healthy children,10 adult healthy controls,and 12 adult T2DM patients)were enrolled in this study.Fasting venous blood samples were collected from all the subjects for biochemical analysis.Fecal samples were collected from all the subjects for DNA extraction and 16S rRNA sequencing,which was followed by analyses of the gut microbiota composition.RESULTS No significant difference in alpha diversity was observed between healthy children and adults.The diversity of gut microbiota was decreased in T2DM patients compared to the healthy adults in both the Dai and Han populations. There was a significant difference in gut microbiota between healthy children and healthy adults in the Hanpopulation with an increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased Firmicutes in children. However, thisdifference was less in the Dai population. Significant increases in Bacteroidetes in the Han population and Proteobacteriain the Dai population and decreases in Firmicutes in both the Han and Dai population were observed inT2DM patients compared to healthy adults. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size analysis also showed that thegut microbiota was different between the Han and Dai populations in heathy children, adults, and T2DM patients.Four bacteria were consistently increased and two consistently decreased in the Han population compared to theDai population.CONCLUSION Differences in gut microbiota were found between the Han and Dai populations. A significant increase inBacteroidetes was related to the occurrence of T2DM in the Han population, while a significant increase in Proteobacteriawas related to the occurrence of T2DM in the Dai population.

Study on Two-Tier EV Charging Station Recommendation Strategy under Multi-Factor Influence

This article aims to address the clustering effect caused by unorganized charging of electric vehicles by adopting a two-tier recommendation method.The electric vehicles(EVs)are classified into high-level alerts and general alerts based on their state of charge(SOC).EVs with high-level alerts have the most urgent charging needs,so the distance to charging stations is set as the highest priority for recommendations.For users with general alerts,a comprehensive EV charging station recommendation model is proposed,taking into account factors such as charging price,charging time,charging station preference,and distance to the charging station.Using real data from EV charging stations and ride-hailing vehicles in Xiamen City,Fujian Province,simulation analyses are conducted using Python for different periods of the day.The research results show that the stability of the multi-factor recommendation model in terms of service density variance,coverage rate,price cost,and distance cost outperform single-factor models.This indicates that our composite multi-factor recommendation model has significant practical value in resolving the clustering phenomenon caused by unorganized EV charging,optimizing the EV charging service system,and improving user satisfaction.

CT引导下三管式腔内后装与腔内结合插植后装用于宫颈癌治疗的对比研究

目的:比较局部晚期宫颈癌采用标准三管施源器的腔内后装(tandem and ovoid)与腔内结合组织间插植后装的剂量学差异。方法:CT引导下的三维适形近距离治疗局部晚期宫颈癌患者20例,间隔采用三管式腔内后装与腔内结合组织间插植共72次。按照施源器的不同分成2个组,每组36次,对靶区剂量、危及器官等进行比较。结果:在给予A点相同处方剂量的情况下,HR-CTV D90、D100在三管式腔内后装组与腔内结合组织间插植后装组中分别为(590.0±46.4)cGy、(471.2±66.2)cGy,(502.8±67.7)cGy、(335.9±46.0)cGy,P<0.05),膀胱、直肠、乙状结肠D2cc均相近(P=0.85、0.28、0.53)。结论:采用腔内结合插植后装治疗局部晚期宫颈癌比三管式腔内后装可获得更高的靶区剂量,但长期疗效及晚期反应仍需进一步研究。

Inhibiting the formation of neutrophil extracellular trapping: a potential mechanism of Chinese medicine in the treatment of ischemic stroke

Ischemic stroke(IS)is the main killer that endangers the health and life of middle-aged and elderly people worldwide.Inflammatory response plays a key regulatory role in the pathogenesis of IS.After cerebral ischemia,leukocytes rapidly accumulate,penetrate blood vessels and infiltrate brain tissue,thereby activating pro-inflammatory factors in the infarct area to exacerbate nerve damage.Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)are fibrous mesh structures released by activated neutrophils outside the cell,which can clear pathogens and cell debris,induce inflammatory responses and exacerbate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(CI/R)injury.Various traditional Chinese medicines and their main components can improve neurological function defects after IS,and inhibit the formation of NETs,which opens up a new direction for the study of traditional Chinese medicines in the prevention and treatment of IS.

中国儿童孤独症谱系障碍患病率的系统综述(英文)

背景中国孤独症和孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorders,ASD)的患病率缺乏可靠的估计。目的运用Meta分析综合评价中国18岁以下人群孤独症和ASD患病情况,并分析其在性别、民族、城乡等不同因素间的差异。方法检索中国知识资源总库、中国科技期刊数据库、万方数据检索系统、中国生物医学文摘数据库、PubMed和Web of Science等数据库,收集关于中国孤独症谱系障碍患病率的文献,按照预先制定的纳入及排除标准筛选相关研究。采用R-2.1 5.2软件对资料进行统计学分析。结果共纳入24项研究,其中5项来自香港和台湾的注册研究(涉及14,570,369名儿童),19项来自大陆以人群为基础的筛查和诊断研究(合并样本量为771,413名儿童)。港台注册研究报道的孤独症年患病率为1.8～424.6/10,000。中国大陆的18项研究(剔除一个患病率最低的全国性研究)报道孤独症患病率为2.8～30.4/10,000,合并后孤独症患病率为12.8/10,000(95%CI,9.4～17.5)。5项研究报道ASD(患病率为7.3～75.3/10,000)合并后患病率24.5/10,000(95%CI,10.4～57.4)。不同性别、居住地点、发表时间和抽样来源之间报道的患病率存在明显差异。结论港台注册研究报道的孤独症患病率存着巨大差异(达200倍),大陆以人群为基础的筛查诊断研究报道的患病率存在较大差异(10～15倍),凸显迫切需要建立标准的方法来估计孤独症和ASD的患病率。只有方法学质量得到改善,才有可能为这些不常见但严重致残的疾病提供循证的防治策略。

唐家会矿奥灰水害区域治理试验工程及防控技术

唐家会煤矿主采6煤层底板受奥灰岩溶水威胁严重,是准格尔煤田中采深最大、水压最高的矿井,为消除底板奥灰水害威胁,对唐家会矿61207工作面开展地面区域治理试验工程。结果表明:定向钻孔过程中多次发生漏失和失返现象,注浆工程中吃浆量大,钻探和注浆的效率低,采用地面区域治理方式防治底板奥灰水害费用高、工期长,难以满足工作面生产接续成本控制的需要。经综合对比分析得出,现阶段矿井奥灰水防治宜采用“工作面内部井下定向钻底板探查加固”与“工作面外部地面定向钻断层带治理”相结合的防治水技术路线。

血清游离脂肪酸波动程度对老年急性心力衰竭患者短期临床预后的评估价值

目的探讨血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)波动程度对老年急性心力衰竭(AHF)患者短期临床预后的评估价值。方法选取老年AHF患者102例,根据出院后随访3个月结果,分为不良事件组(39例)和对照组(63例)。在入组和出院两个时间点,检测两组心功能指标、血脂、血清FFA和脂质氧化应激指标并进行统计学分析。结果出院时两组N末端B型脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、丙二醛(MDA)、氧化应激指数(OSI)和血清总氧化态(TOS)均低于入组时,左室射血分数(LVEF)、总抗氧化态(TAS)均高于入组时,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院时对照组FFA低于入组时,miR-143高于入组时,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院时,不良事件组的FFA、MDA、OSI和TOS均高于对照组,TAS、miR-143低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线提示出院时-入组时FFA对于不良事件的预测价值最高,曲线下面积为0.832,cut-off值为0.30 mmol/L,灵敏度83.9%,特异度85.1%。logistic回归分析提示出院时-入组时FFA(≤0.30 mmol/L)和出院时-入组时miR-143(≤239.4 fmol/L)是老年AHF患者出院后3个月不良事件的独立危险因素。结论高水平FFA预示着老年AHF患者短期不良预后,可能与miR-143下降和脂质过氧化升高有关。

六轴机器人的运动学建模与轨迹规划研究

以PUMA560机器人为研究对象,对该型号机器人进行运动学分析。首先通过建立运动学模型来求解机器人的正、逆运动学方程。其次运用三次多项式插值、五次多项式插值以及五段位置S曲线插补这三种方法来对该机器人进行轨迹规划。将这三种方法进行分析比较,最终得出五段位置S曲线插补轨迹规划方法可以使机器人运行较稳定,运动特性也较好,进而可以快速平稳地到达期望位姿,最终完成指定任务。

焙炒处理对不同植物油品质特性的影响

为了研究焙炒对植物油品质的影响,以油菜籽、亚麻籽、花生、葵花籽和芝麻为原料,经焙炒处理后采用液压压榨法制油(热榨油),分析植物油的理化指标(酸值、过氧化值、水分及挥发物、色泽)、主体组分(脂肪酸组成及含量、甘三酯组成及含量、挥发性组分)和总酚含量,并与未焙炒处理直接压榨制取的油(冷榨油)作对比。结果表明:热榨油酸值和过氧化值显著高于冷榨油(p<0.05),其中,热榨亚麻籽油酸值(KOH)最高(0.96 mg/g),热榨菜籽油过氧化值最高(1.02 mmol/kg);冷榨油水分及挥发物含量显著高于热榨油(p<0.05),其中冷榨花生油水分及挥发物含量最高(0.16%);热榨油的色泽较冷榨油深,其中热榨菜籽油的色泽最深(R1.1,Y31);焙炒对植物油脂肪酸和甘三酯组成及含量无显著影响(p>0.05);热榨油中醇类、醛类和酸类等挥发性组分较少,但杂环类物质较多;热榨菜籽油、亚麻籽油、花生油、葵花籽油和芝麻油总酚含量分别是其冷榨油的1.38、1.57、1.51、1.80倍和1.27倍。因此,焙炒对植物油品质影响较大,应根据生产需要选择合适的预处理方式。

特厚煤层综放开采下工作面底板岩层破坏特征

为提高特厚煤层工作面综放开采条件下煤层底板突水预警有效性,以唐家会矿61303工作面为研究区,通过光纤传感技术和高密度并行电法勘探技术,进行井下钻孔布置与实测,观测6煤采后底板变形和破坏情况。根据观测孔光纤应变云图变化,在工作面未到达监测断面孔口位置时,底板受采动超前应力影响前期以压应变为主;当工作面推过监测钻孔,由于底板卸压发生底鼓膨胀受剪切力的作用,呈现一定拉伸应变。结合视电阻率的变化分析了底板破碎发育情况及其控制层位,61303工作面底板岩层破坏深度为14.5 m,位于砂泥岩岩层中部,破坏扰动最大深度为32.0 m,位于砂泥岩岩层下部。