BACKGROUND: The study aims to investigate the performance of a metagenomic next-generationsequencing (NGS)-based diagnostic technique for the identifi cation of potential bacterial and viral infectionsand eff ects of ...BACKGROUND: The study aims to investigate the performance of a metagenomic next-generationsequencing (NGS)-based diagnostic technique for the identifi cation of potential bacterial and viral infectionsand eff ects of concomitant viral infection on the survival rate of intensive care unit (ICU) sepsis patients.METHODS: A total of 74 ICU patients with sepsis who were admitted to our institution from February1, 2018 to June 30, 2019 were enrolled. Separate blood samples were collected from patients for bloodcultures and metagenomic NGS when the patients’ body temperature was higher than 38 °C. Patients’demographic data, including gender, age, ICU duration, ICU scores, and laboratory results, were recorded.The correlations between pathogen types and sepsis severity and survival rate were evaluated.RESULTS: NGS produced higher positive results (105 of 118;88.98%) than blood cultures(18 of 118;15.25%) over the whole study period. Concomitant viral infection correlated closelywith sepsis severity and had the negative effect on the survival of patients with sepsis. However,correlation analysis indicated that the bacterial variety did not correlate with the severity of sepsis.CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent viral load correlates closely with the severity of sepsis and thesurvival rate of the ICU sepsis patients. This suggests that prophylactic administration of antiviraldrugs combined with antibiotics may be benefi cial to ICU sepsis patients.展开更多
基金supported by grants from Scienceand Technology Committee of Shanghai (18411951400)KeyClinical Medical Specialties Project in Shanghai Pudong NewArea (PWZzk2017-22)+1 种基金Science and Technology Action Plan(19495810200)Leading Talent Project in Shanghai Pudong NewArea Health System (PWRl2018-08).
文摘BACKGROUND: The study aims to investigate the performance of a metagenomic next-generationsequencing (NGS)-based diagnostic technique for the identifi cation of potential bacterial and viral infectionsand eff ects of concomitant viral infection on the survival rate of intensive care unit (ICU) sepsis patients.METHODS: A total of 74 ICU patients with sepsis who were admitted to our institution from February1, 2018 to June 30, 2019 were enrolled. Separate blood samples were collected from patients for bloodcultures and metagenomic NGS when the patients’ body temperature was higher than 38 °C. Patients’demographic data, including gender, age, ICU duration, ICU scores, and laboratory results, were recorded.The correlations between pathogen types and sepsis severity and survival rate were evaluated.RESULTS: NGS produced higher positive results (105 of 118;88.98%) than blood cultures(18 of 118;15.25%) over the whole study period. Concomitant viral infection correlated closelywith sepsis severity and had the negative effect on the survival of patients with sepsis. However,correlation analysis indicated that the bacterial variety did not correlate with the severity of sepsis.CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent viral load correlates closely with the severity of sepsis and thesurvival rate of the ICU sepsis patients. This suggests that prophylactic administration of antiviraldrugs combined with antibiotics may be benefi cial to ICU sepsis patients.
文摘化石燃料是现代能源体系的重要支柱,其大量使用导致大气中CO2浓度不断增加,加剧了全球变暖和环境恶化.因此,各国研究人员开发了大量技术手段以捕获和重新再利用CO2这一丰富的碳资源.其中, CO2电催化还原(CO2RR)技术在减少CO2排放和将其转化为有用化学品等方面极具潜力.但是, CO2RR具有反应能垒高和动力学过程缓慢等特点,进而限制其转化效率,故使用传统的贵金属材料(Ag, Au, Cu及Pd等)作为CO2RR高效的催化剂.然而,贵金属材料的大规模应用受限于它们成本高昂、稳定性差及环境毒性等缺点.在各类可替代贵金属催化剂中,碳材料因其廉价丰富、结构可调和导电性高的特点在CO2RR应用上展现出诱人的前景,因此,探索合适的碳基催化剂在高效催化二氧化碳领域具有重要的研究价值和意义.本文通过简单有效的方法制备了一种氮硫共掺杂的高比表面的碳基催化剂(SZ-HCN)用于CO2RR.首先利用表面活性剂胶束Triton X-100作为模板诱导调控,合成了具有中空结构的苯胺-吡咯共聚物,并以此为碳前驱体,通过一步热解共聚物和硫粉获得N和S共掺杂多孔碳,材料的高比表面积(1510 m2g–1)得益于中空结构和ZnCl2盐造成的纳米孔结构.值得注意的是,高比表面的多孔结构且有效共掺杂N/S,能提供更多的高活性催化位点和有利于相关反应物种的传输.通过扫描电子显微镜、高分辨透射电子显微镜、高角环形暗场-扫描透射-元素分布、N2吸脱附等温分析及X射线光电子能谱等物理表征证实了催化剂材料的中孔结构和N/S共掺杂组分.进一步通过电化学测试分析和产物测试分析可知,电催化剂SZ-HCN在-0.60 V还原CO2为CO的法拉第效率高达93%,明显抑制竞争反应HER.此外,在-0.60 V恒电位下连续20 h测试,依旧保持稳定的电流密度(-5.2 m A cm–2)和高的CO选择性,显示了出色的耐久性和潜在应用性.我们采用密度泛函数理论探究N和S掺杂的影响,模拟计算可知,相比单一N掺杂的催化剂, N, S共掺杂可以提供更多的活性位点,降低CO2还原为CO反应中决速步生成COOH*的吉布斯自由能垒,进而提高催化活性.SZ-HCN催化剂展现出的优异CO2RR活性和稳定性主要归因于:(1)N和S元素均匀掺杂到碳基体中,两者的协同效应导致碳电荷再分布形成高活性位点,提高本征活性;(2)高比表面的多级孔结构提供了丰富的三相接触界面和有利的传输通道,便于反应相关物种的快速转移.该碳基催化剂材料在替代贵金属应用于CO2RR展示了一定的潜力.
