Hybrid graded element model for transient heat conduction in functionally graded materials

This paper presents a hybrid graded element model for the transient heat conduction problem in functionally graded materials (FGMs). First, a Laplace transform approach is used to handle the time variable. Then, a fundamental solution in Laplace space for FGMs is constructed. Next, a hybrid graded element is formulated based on the obtained fundamental solution and a frame field. As a result, the graded properties of FGMs are naturally reflected by using the fundamental solution to interpolate the intra-element field. Further, Stefest's algorithm is employed to convert the results in Laplace space back into the time-space domain. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is assessed by several benchmark examples. The results demonstrate well the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.

The effect of healthy dietary patterns on male semen quality:a systematic review and meta-analysis

The incidence of infertility has recently risen.Semen quality is an important male fertility indicator,and dietary factors can affect semen quality.We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of healthy dietary patterns on semen quality.A literature search was conducted in 3 databases(Embase,Web of Science and PubMed)on August 21,2021.The included cross-sectional studies examined the influence of the Mediterranean,Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension(DASH),and prudent diet patterns on semen quality parameters;six studies(1244 subjects)were included.By comparing high consumption with low consumption of healthy dietary patterns,the results of the meta-analysis showed significantly higher sperm concentrations(mean difference[MD]=6.88×10^(6) ml^(−1),95%confidence interval[CI]:1.26×10^(6) ml^(−1)–12.49×10^(6) ml^(−1);P<0.05),a significant increase in total sperm count(MD=16.70×10^(6),95%CI:2.37×10^(6)–31.03×10^(6);P<0.05),and a significant increase in progressive sperm motility(MD=5.85%,95%CI:2.59%–9.12%;P<0.01).The sperm concentration,progressive sperm motility,and total sperm count were significantly higher in men with higher versus lower consumption of healthy dietary patterns.However,the results must be interpreted with caution.