Undrained semi-analytical solution for cylindrical cavity expansion in anisotropic soils under biaxial stress conditions

This paper presents an undrained semi-analytical elastoplastic solution for cylindrical cavity expansion in anisotropic soil under the biaxial stress conditions.The advanced simplified SANICLAY model is used to simulate the elastoplastic behavior of soil.The cavity expansion is treated as an initial value problem and solved as a system of eight first-order ordinary differential equations including four stress components and four anisotropic parameters.The results are validated by comparing the new solutions with existing ones.The distributions of stress components and anisotropic parameters around the cavity wall,the expansion process,the stress yield trajectory of a soil element and the shape and size of elastoplastic boundary are further investigated to explore the cavity expansion response of soils under biaxial in situ stresses.The results of extensive parameters analysis demonstrate that the circumferential position of the soil element and the anisotropy of the soils have noticeable impacts on the expansion response under biaxial in situ stresses.Since the present solution not only considers the anisotropy and anisotropy evolution of natural soil,but also eliminates the conventional assumption of uniform radial pressure,the solution is better than other theoretical solutions to explain the pressure test and pile installation effect of shallow saturated soil.

Cylindrical cavity expansion responses in anisotropic unsaturated soils under plane stress condition

In this paper,an anisotropic critical state model for saturated soils was extended to unsaturated conditions by introducing suction into its yield function.Combining this model with soil-water characteristic curves related to porosity ratio was employed to characterize the coupled hydromechanical behavior of unsaturated anisotropic soil.Based on the plane stress condition,the problem of the cylindrical cavity expansion in unsaturated anisotropic soils was transformed into first-order differential equations using the Lagrangian description.The equations were solved as an initial value problem using the Runge-Kutta algorithm,which can reflect the soil-water retention behavior during cavity expansion.Parametric analyses were conducted to investigate the influences of overconsolidation ratio(OCR),suction,and degree of saturation on the expansion responses of a cylindrical cavity in unsaturated anisotropic soil under plane stress condition.The results show that the above factors have obvious influences on the cavity responses,and the plane strain solution tends to overestimate expansion pressure and degree of saturation but underestimates suction around the cavity compared to the proposed plane stress solution.The theoretical model proposed in this paper provides a reasonable and effective method for simulating pile installation and soil pressure gauge tests near the ground surface of the unsaturated soils.

Application of Artificially Induced Double-strand Breaks (DSB) and Triplex-forming Oligonucleotides (TFO) in the Improvement of Gene Targeting Efficiency

Gene targeting technology is an important means to investigate gene functions, but its efficiency of gene targeting is very low, especially for somatic cell targeting. Artificially induced double-strand breaks （DSB） and triplex forming oligonucleotide （TFO） are currently developed methods to improve the targeting efficiency. This paper summarized the basic principles, design ideas and application in gene targeting efficiency improvement of these two methods, analyzed and com- pared their characteristics, and finally proposed prospects for their future development.

Advances in Mathematical Modeling of NFκB Signal Transduction in Mammals

NFκB is a basic transcription factor of cell signal transduction in mammals. Mathematical modeling can be used to simulate NFκB signal transduction and investigate the molecular mechanism. The initial IKB-NFκB signal transduction model emphasized the effects of negative feedback on NFκB temporal dynamics and gene expression control, while subsequent studies are concentrated on other feedback loops, input-output behaviors of modules, crosslinking of several NFκB activation paths and NFκB oscillation. Computer technology will continue to contribute to studies of NFKB signaling pathway. Finally, several potential development trends were discussed in this paper.