Application of graph neural network and feature information enhancement in relation inference of sparse knowledge graph

At present,knowledge embedding methods are widely used in the field of knowledge graph(KG)reasoning,and have been successfully applied to those with large entities and relationships.However,in research and production environments,there are a large number of KGs with a small number of entities and relations,which are called sparse KGs.Limited by the performance of knowledge extraction methods or some other reasons(some common-sense information does not appear in the natural corpus),the relation between entities is often incomplete.To solve this problem,a method of the graph neural network and information enhancement is proposed.The improved method increases the mean reciprocal rank(MRR)and Hit@3 by 1.6%and 1.7%,respectively,when the sparsity of the FB15K-237 dataset is 10%.When the sparsity is 50%,the evaluation indexes MRR and Hit@10 are increased by 0.8%and 1.8%,respectively.

Nanostructuring of Mg-Based Hydrogen Storage Materials:Recent Advances for Promoting Key Applications

With the depletion of fossil fuels and global warming,there is an urgent demand to seek green,low-cost,and high-efficiency energy resources.Hydrogen has been considered as a potential candidate to replace fossil fuels,due to its high gravimetric energy density(142 MJ kg^(-1)),high abundance(H_(2)O),and environmentalfriendliness.However,due to its low volume density,effective and safe hydrogen storage techniques are now becoming the bottleneck for the"hydrogen economy".Under such a circumstance,Mg-based hydrogen storage materials garnered tremendous interests due to their high hydrogen storage capacity(~7.6 wt%for MgH_(2)),low cost,and excellent reversibility.However,the high thermodynamic stability(ΔH=-74.7 kJ mol^(-1)H_(2))and sluggish kinetics result in a relatively high desorption temperature(>300℃),which severely restricts widespread applications of MgH_(2).Nano-structuring has been proven to be an effective strategy that can simultaneously enhance the ab/de-sorption thermodynamic and kinetic properties of MgH_(2),possibly meeting the demand for rapid hydrogen desorption,economic viability,and effective thermal management in practical applications.Herein,the fundamental theories,recent advances,and practical applications of the nanostructured Mg-based hydrogen storage materials are discussed.The synthetic strategies are classified into four categories:free-standing nano-sized Mg/MgH_(2)through electrochemical/vapor-transport/ultrasonic methods,nanostructured Mg-based composites via mechanical milling methods,construction of core-shell nano-structured Mg-based composites by chemical reduction approaches,and multi-dimensional nano-sized Mg-based heterostructure by nanoconfinement strategy.Through applying these strategies,near room temperature ab/de-sorption(<100℃)with considerable high capacity(>6 wt%)has been achieved in nano Mg/MgH_(2)systems.Some perspectives on the future research and development of nanostructured hydrogen storage materials are also provided.

Rockburst process and strength-weakening effect of the high-stress circular tunnel under internal unloading

To investigate the influence of unloading effect of a circular tunnel face on rockburst process,by innovatively combining rock drilling unloading devices and triaxial systems,the strain rockburst simulation under the entire stress path of“high initial stressþinternal unloadingþstress adjustment”(HUS test)was realized for the intact cubic red sandstone samples(100 mm×100 mm×100 mm).Comparative tests were conducted on cubic red sandstone samples with prefabricated circular holes(425 mm)under the stress path of“prefabricated circular hole+þhigh initial stress+stress adjustment”(PHS test),thereby highlighting the influence of internal unloading on rockburst failure.The test results revealed that with an increase in vertical stress,the sidewalls in both the HUS and PHS tests suffered strain rockburst failure.Compared with the PHS test,the initial failure stress in the HUS test is lower,and it is easier to induce sidewall rockbursts.This indicates that the internal unloading influences the sidewall failure,causing an obvious strength-weakening effect,which becomes more significant with an increase in buried depth.The strain rockburst failure was more severe in the HUS test owing to the influence of internal unloading.V-shaped rockburst pits were formed in the HUS tests,whereas in the PHS test,arcshaped rockburst pits were produced.It was also found that strain rockburst failure may occur only when the rock has a certain degree of rockburst proneness.

Comprehensive and deep profiling of the plasma proteome with protein corona on zeolite NaY

Proteomic characterization of plasma is critical for the development of novel pharmacodynamic biomarkers.However,the vast dynamic range renders the profiling of proteomes extremely challenging.Here,we synthesized zeolite NaY and developed a simple and rapid method to achieve comprehensive and deep profiling of the plasma proteome using the plasma protein corona formed on zeolite NaY.Specifically,zeolite NaY and plasma were co-incubated to form plasma protein corona on zeolite NaY(NaY-PPC),followed by conventional protein identification using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.NaY was able to significantly enhance the detection of low-abundance plasma proteins,minimizing the“masking”effect caused by high-abundance proteins.The relative abundance of middleand low-abundance proteins increased substantially from 2.54%to 54.41%,and the top 20 highabundance proteins decreased from 83.63%to 25.77%.Notably,our method can quantify approximately 4000 plasma proteins with sensitivity up to pg/mL,compared to only about 600 proteins identified from untreated plasma samples.A pilot study based on plasma samples from 30 lung adenocarcinoma patients and 15 healthy subjects demonstrated that our method could successfully distinguish between healthy and disease states.In summary,this work provides an advantageous tool for the exploration of plasma proteomics and its translational applications.

Cohort profile: design and methods of the Chinese colorectal, breast, lung, liver, and stomach cancer screening trial(C-BLAST)

Given the rapid changes in social structure(urbanization),economic structure(industrialization),and demographic structure(population aging)in China,cancer has become a major public health problem1.Extensive evidence has indicated that screening can decrease cancer mortality,particularly among high-risk groups,and several representative national and regional cancer screening programs have been launched in China to cope with the increasing burden of cancer.

缺氧生物膜转型厌氧氨氧化生物膜培养与富集特性

接种西安市某污水处理厂缺氧池生物膜构建升流式厌氧固定床生物膜(UAFB)反应器从而富集培养厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)生物膜,通过测定生物膜Anammox活性和酶活性并进行高通量测序分析,探讨城市污水处理厂现有填料转型培养Anammox生物膜的可行性及生物膜内菌群演替规律.结果表明,经29d培养后的UAFB-Anammox反应器TN去除率高达76.22%,快速启动成功;负荷提升阶段,表面氮负荷(SNLR)由0.23g/(m^(2)·d)提升至2.59g/(m^(2)·d),最大Anammox活性维持2.15g/(m^(2)·d),TN去除率高达83.68%.Illumina MiSeq测序结果发现,富集后的生物膜中优势菌属为Ca.Brocadia,相对丰度为33.38%,富集效果明显.同时缺氧生物膜上反硝化菌Denitratisoma以Anammox的产物NO_(3)^(-)-N为基质,逐渐与AnAOB形成共生存关系.这说明利用城市污水处理厂现有缺氧生物膜可以快速培养Anammox生物膜,对Anammox工艺在城市污水处理厂升级改造中的应用提供一定参考.

Anammox生物膜富集培养过程中硝化菌的增殖特性

在升流式厌氧固定床生物膜(UAFB)反应器中,通过逐步提升氮负荷富集培养厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)生物膜,考察培养过程中Anammox生物膜上硝化菌的增殖特性.结果表明,逐步提升氮负荷可以成功实现厌氧氨氧化菌(An AOB)的富集,但随着基质浓度的提升,反应器中ΔNO_(3)~-/ΔNH_(4)^(+)比值逐渐从0.76±0.11降低至0.42±0.10,表明高基质浓度更有利于Anammox生物膜的培养且不利于亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)竞争亚硝酸盐.而随着培养进行,生物膜的氨氧化活性(AUR)和亚硝酸盐氧化活性(NUR)均大幅增加但最终趋于稳定.高通量测序结果表明,系统在成功富集了33.51%的Ca.Brocadia和3.02%的Ca.Jettenia的同时,氨氧化菌(AOB)-Nitrosomonas的相对丰度仅有0.78%,但培养后优势NOB-Nitrospira的丰度高达2.32%,因此,Anammox生物膜培养过程中硝化菌的增殖现象不可避免,而明显的NOB优势增殖有可能会对PN/Anammox生物脱氮工艺的稳定运行造成负面影响.

表格问答研究综述

表格问答通过自然语言问句直接与表格数据进行交互并得到答案,是智能问答的主要形式之一。近年来,研究人员利用以语义解析为主的技术在该领域开展了深入研究。该文从不同表格类型分类及其问答任务问题定义出发,将表格问答细分为单表单轮、多表单轮、多表多轮式问答三种任务,并系统介绍了各类表格问答任务的数据集及其代表性方法。其次,该文总结了当前主流表格预训练模型的数据构造、输入编码以及预训练目标。最后,探讨当前工作的优势与不足,并分析了未来表格问答的前景与挑战。

钢铁企业中水管道的腐蚀行为与缓蚀防护研究

针对湖南某钢铁企业中水输送管道的腐蚀问题,采集典型的中水水源点的水样进行水质检测。通过挂片试验、微生物培养计数、电化学测试、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)等系统地研究了中水输送管道的腐蚀行为,以及羟基乙叉二磷酸(HEDP)、2-磷酸基-1,2,4-三羧酸丁烷(PBTCA)和聚天冬氨酸(PASP)的缓蚀作用。结果表明:生物脱酚废水、高炉排水、五米板方向总排水和三水站排水对中水水质影响较大。中水管道表面的钝化膜在水中Cl^(-)和SO_(4)^(2-)的作用下被破坏,铁细菌和硫酸盐还原菌促进腐蚀并生成Fe(OH)_(3)和FeS。投加HEDP、PBTCA缓蚀剂后,腐蚀层厚度减小,腐蚀速率低于国家标准,而加入PASP后挂片表面的腐蚀产物为疏松多孔的菱铁矿,阻抗低频区表现为Warburg阻抗特征,缓蚀率仅为3.9%。

祛瘀生新针法不同时间介入治疗脑梗死急性期溶栓后患者临床观察

目的探究祛瘀生新针法介入脑梗死急性期溶栓后的针刺时机及临床疗效。方法选取2020年6月—2020年11月深圳市宝安中医院脑病科住院部的90例患者为研究对象,按就诊顺序编号,采用随机数字表法分为对照组、治疗1组、治疗2组。在对照组基础上,治疗1组在溶栓后24 h加入针刺,治疗2组在溶栓后7 d加入针刺。比较治疗前后的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分,日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评分,改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分及细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、内皮型一氧化氮合成酶(ENOS)、可溶性血栓调节蛋白(sTM)水平。结果三组患者的NIHSS、ADL、mRS评分优于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗1组的NIHSS、ADL评分优于治疗2组(P<0.05),mRS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗1组和治疗2组的ICAM-1、ENOS、sTM水平优于对照组(P<0.01),治疗1组和治疗2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在溶栓后24 h加祛瘀生新针,比在溶栓后7 d治疗效果好。

中医灸法治疗神经根型颈椎病的研究进展

神经根型颈椎病是脊柱骨科常见的颈椎病类型,临床表现多为单侧颈肩痛及上肢的放射痛、麻木或感觉减退等,严重时可伴有肌肉萎缩。神经根型颈椎病的临床治疗可分为手术治疗和保守治疗两种方案,由于颈椎手术风险较大、创伤大、并发症多且恢复期长,除了急性肌瘫、脊髓损伤或疼痛剧烈的患者需要早期手术干预以外,保守治疗是大多数患者的首选方案。西医药物治疗以非甾体类抗炎止痛药和脱水消肿药为主,可缓解颈肩部的疼痛,但有胃肠道不良反应和肝肾损害,不能长期服用。中医治疗神经根型颈椎病以中药内服、针灸和手法推拿为主,中药内服不适用于肠胃功能差的患者,也有部分患者难以接受中药口味而拒绝服用中药;手法推拿治疗对术者技术水平有一定要求,不当的手法可能加重对神经的压迫;同时,也有部分患者因害怕针刺疼痛或者晕针而拒绝针刺治疗。相比之下,中医灸法因其无创、安全、舒适、有效等特点在神经根型颈椎病的临床治疗中得到越来越广泛的应用。文章参考近年国内的临床研究成果,将中医各种灸法治疗神经根型颈椎病的研究进展加以归纳、总结,以期为临床上本病的中医治疗提供参考。

二氟甲烷磺酰氯的气相色谱分析方法研究

建立了检测二氟甲烷磺酰氯含量的气相色谱分析法。DB-WAX气相色谱柱,氯苯为内标物,进行定性分析和定量分析。结果表明,该方法在0.615~15.36 g/L的浓度范围之内呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 82),相对标准偏差为0.39%,加标回收率在96.73%~104.37%之间。该方法简便、快速,具有良好的精密度和准确度,可用于合成样品中二氟甲烷磺酰氯含量的测定。

Exciting lattice oxygen of nickel–iron bi-metal alkoxide for efficient electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction

High efficiency,cost-effective and durable electrocatalysts are of pivotal importance in energy conversion and storage systems.The electro-oxidation of water to oxygen plays a crucial role in such energy conversion technologies.Herein,we report a robust method for the synthesis of a bimetallic alkoxide for efficient oxygen evolution reaction(OER)for alkaline electrolysis,which yields current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)at an overpotential of 215 mV in 0.1 M KOH electrolyte.The catalyst demonstrates an excellent durability for more than 540 h operation with negligible degradation in activity.Raman spectra revealed that the catalyst underwent structure reconstruction during OER,evolving into oxyhydroxide,which was the active site proceeding OER in alkaline electrolyte.In-situ synchrotron X-ray absorption experiment combined with density functional theory calculation suggests a lattice oxygen involved electrocatalytic reaction mechanism for the in-situ generated nickel–iron bimetal-oxyhydroxide catalyst.This mechanism together with the synergy between nickel and iron are responsible for the enhanced catalytic activity and durability.These findings provide promising strategies for the rational design of nonnoble metal OER catalysts.

Boosting Hydrogen Storage Performance of MgH_(2) by Oxygen Vacancy-Rich H-V_(2)O_(5) Nanosheet as an Excited H-Pump

MgH_(2) is a promising high-capacity solid-state hydrogen storage material,while its application is greatly hindered by the high desorption temperature and sluggish kinetics.Herein,intertwined 2D oxygen vacancy-rich V_(2)O_(5) nanosheets(H-V_(2)O_(5))are specifically designed and used as catalysts to improve the hydrogen storage properties of MgH_(2).The as-prepared MgH_(2)-H-V_(2)O_(5) composites exhibit low desorption temperatures(Tonset=185℃)with a hydrogen capacity of 6.54 wt%,fast kinetics(Ea=84.55±1.37 kJ mol^(-1) H_(2) for desorption),and long cycling stability.Impressively,hydrogen absorption can be achieved at a temperature as low as 30℃ with a capacity of 2.38 wt%within 60 min.Moreover,the composites maintain a capacity retention rate of~99%after 100 cycles at 275℃.Experimental studies and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the in-situ formed VH_(2)/V catalysts,unique 2D structure of H-V_(2)O_(5) nanosheets,and abundant oxygen vacancies positively contribute to the improved hydrogen sorption properties.Notably,the existence of oxygen vacancies plays a double role,which could not only directly accelerate the hydrogen ab/de-sorption rate of MgH_(2),but also indirectly affect the activity of the catalytic phase VH_(2)/V,thereby further boosting the hydrogen storage performance of MgH_(2).This work highlights an oxygen vacancy excited“hydrogen pump”effect of VH_(2)/V on the hydrogen sorption of Mg/MgH_(2).The strategy developed here may pave a new way toward the development of oxygen vacancy-rich transition metal oxides catalyzed hydride systems.

Dynamic mechanical characteristics of deep Jinping marble in complex stress environments

To reveal the dynamic mechanical characteristics of deep rocks,a series of impact tests under triaxial static stress states corresponding to depths of 300-2400 m were conducted.The results showed that both the strain rates and the stress environments in depth significantly affect the mechanical characteristics of rocks.The sensitivity of strain rate to the dynamic strength and deformation modulus shows a negative correlation with depth,indicating that producing penetrative cracks in deep environments is more difficult when damage occurs.The dynamic strength shows a tendency to decrease and then increase slightly,but decreases sharply finally.Transmissivity demonstrates a similar trend as that of strength,whereas reflectivity indicates the opposite trend.Furthermore,two critical depths with high dynamically induced hazard possibilities based on the China Jinping Underground Laboratory(CJPL)were proposed for deep engineering.The first critical depth is 600-900 m,beyond which the sensitivity of rock dynamic characteristics to the strain rate and restraint of circumferential stress decrease,causing instability of surrounding rocks under axial stress condition.The second one lies at 1500-1800 m,where the wave impedance and dynamic strength of deep surrounding rocks drop sharply,and the dissipation energy presents a negative value.It suggests that the dynamic instability of deep surrounding rocks can be divided into dynamic load dominant and dynamic load induced types,depending on the second critical depth.

Mixed D-vine copula-based conditional quantile model for stochastic monthly streamflow simulation

Copula functions have been widely used in stochastic simulation and prediction of streamflow.However,existing models are usually limited to single two-dimensional or three-dimensional copulas with the same bivariate block for all months.To address this limitation,this study developed a mixed D-vine copula-based conditional quantile model that can capture temporal correlations.This model can generate streamflow by selecting different historical streamflow variables as the conditions for different months and by exploiting the conditional quantile functions of streamflows in different months with mixed D-vine copulas.The up-to-down sequential method,which couples the maximum weight approach with the Akaike information criteria and the maximum likelihood approach,was used to determine the structures of multivariate Dvine copulas.The developed model was used in a case study to synthesize the monthly streamflow at the Tangnaihai hydrological station,the inflow control station of the Longyangxia Reservoir in the Yellow River Basin.The results showed that the developed model outperformed the commonly used bivariate copula model in terms of the performance in simulating the seasonality and interannual variability of streamflow.This model provides useful information for water-related natural hazard risk assessment and integrated water resources management and utilization.

隐蔽施药对苹果黄蚜的防治效果及其对天敌影响

为明确化学药剂对北京市玉渊潭公园中苹果蚜虫的防治效果,建立隐蔽施药系统,采用树干挂瓶引注法比较了噻虫嗪和吡虫啉2种杀虫剂对苹果黄蚜的防治效果,比较了噻虫嗪根施法和树干挂瓶引注法对苹果黄蚜的控制效果,并观察了不同药剂处理对天敌种群数量的影响,明确了捕食性优势天敌种群。研究结果表明:采用树干挂瓶引注法,70%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂施药后7 d对苹果黄蚜的最高防效为65.78%;采用根施法,3%噻虫嗪颗粒剂施药后21 d对苹果黄蚜的最高防效为64.65%。苹果黄蚜天敌有5种,优势种群分别为异色瓢虫、大草蛉、食蚜蝇、蚜茧蜂,数量分别占29.35%、27.98%、23.11%和12.96%。噻虫嗪和吡虫啉的隐蔽施药行为对捕食性天敌相对安全。

Nanostructured MXene-based materials for boosting hydrogen sorption properties of Mg/MgH_(2)

Hydrogen holds the advantages of high energy density,great natural abundance and zero emission,making it suitable for large scale and long term energy storage,while its safe and efficient storage is still challenging.Among various solid state hydrogen storage materials,MgH_(2) is promising for industrial applications due to its high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen densities and the abundance of Mg on earth.However,the practical application of MgH_(2) has been limited by its stable thermodynamics and slow hydrogen desorption kinetics.Nanocatalysis is considered as a promising approach for improving the hydrogen storage performance of MgH_(2) and bringing it closer to the requirements of commercial applications.It is worth mentioning that the recently emerging two-dimensional material,MXene,has showcased exceptional catalytic abilities in modifying the hydrogen storage properties of MgH_(2).Besides,MXene possesses a high surface area,excellent chemical/physical stability,and negatively charged terminating groups,making it an ideal support for the"nanoconfinement"of MgH_(2) or highly active catalysts.Herein,we endeavor to provide a comprehensive overview of recent investigations on MXene-based catalysts and MXene supports for improving the hydrogen sorption properties of Mg/MgH_(2).The mechanisms of hydrogen sorption involved in Mg-MXene based composites are highlighted with special emphases on thermodynamics,kinetics,and catalytic behaviors.The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive and objective review of researches on the development of high-performance catalysts/supports to improve hydrogen storage performances of Mg/MgH_(2) and to identify the opportunities and challenges for future applications.

报废政策视角下耐用品制造商决策研究

本研究分析了引导性报废政策和强制性报废政策对耐用品制造商的影响,构建了制造商最优定价和产品设计决策模型。结果显示:强制报废政策下,制造商不会生产超过报废年限的产品,适当补贴可增加需求但价格下降;引导报废政策下,产品设计寿命常超出自定年限,适当补贴能提升价格和需求,但可能导致资源浪费。补贴缺失时,强制报废政策会使制造商利润降低,而引导报废政策可通过价格和设计调整保持利润。强制报废为防止产品超期服役设定期限,但在相同补贴下,引导报废政策在提升消费者剩余和社会福利方面更有效。

Ligustilide protects PC12 cells from oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis via the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway

Autophagy has been shown to have a protective effect against brain damage.Ligustilide(LIG)is a bioactive substance isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong,a traditional Chinese medicine.LIG has a neuroprotective effect;however,it is unclear whether this neuroprotective effect involves autophagy.In this study,PC12 cells were treated with 1×10^-5–1×10^-9 M LIG for 0,3,12 or 24 hours,and cell proliferation was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium(MTS)assay.Treatment with 1×10^-6 M LIG for 3 hours had the greatest effect on cell proliferation,and was therefore used for subsequent experiments.PC12 cells were pre-treated with 1×10^-6 M LIG for 3 hours,cultured in 95%N2/5%CO2 in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium without glucose or serum for 4 hours,and then cultured normally for 16 hours,to simulate oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R).Cell proliferation was assessed with the MTS assay.Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins,Bcl-2 and Bax,autophagy-related proteins,Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated protein l light chain 3B(LC3-II),and liver kinase B1(LKB1)-5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway-related proteins were assessed by western blot assay.Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect LC3-II expression.Autophagosome formation was observed by electron microscopy.LIG significantly decreased apoptosis,increased Bcl-2,Beclin 1 and LC3-II expression,decreased Bax expression,increased LC3-II immunoreactivity and the number of autophagosomes,and activated the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway in PC12 cells exposed to OGD/R.The addition of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine or dorsomorphin before OGD/R attenuated the activation of the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway in cells treated with LIG.Taken together,our findings show that LIG promotes autophagy and protects PC12 cells from apoptosis induced by OGD/R via the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway.