Improving crop water productivity is necessary for ensuring food security. To quantify the water utilization in grain production from multiple perspectives, gross inflow water productivity(WPg), generalized agricultur...Improving crop water productivity is necessary for ensuring food security. To quantify the water utilization in grain production from multiple perspectives, gross inflow water productivity(WPg), generalized agricultural water productivity(WPa), evapotranspiration water productivity(WPET) and irrigation water productivity(WPI) were examined in this study. This paper calculated and analyzed the temporal and spatial variation in these water productivity(WP) indices in the irrigated land of Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that almost all of the municipal WP indices increased from 2007 to 2015. The four indices showed large differences in scientific connotation and numerical performance, and their degrees of spatial variation were ranked as WPI>WPa>WPg>WPET. The spatial patterns of WP indices in different years were similar; the central and southern regions on the Songnen Plain and the eastern region had high WP values, while those of the northern region were low. Each WP index was used to evaluate the relationship between the input of water resources and the output of grain between different regions. Most cities had the potential to improve WP by reducing the input of irrigation water. Furthermore, the results provided recommendations to decision makers to plan for efficient use of water resources in different cities.展开更多
目的大多数急性缺血性卒中患者难以在发病早期接受静脉溶栓治疗,而移动卒中单元(mobile stroke unit,MSU)的应用将静脉溶栓治疗从院内提到院前。本研究初步探讨中国首台MSU在急性卒中患者院前静脉溶栓中的作用。方法回顾性分析荥阳市人...目的大多数急性缺血性卒中患者难以在发病早期接受静脉溶栓治疗,而移动卒中单元(mobile stroke unit,MSU)的应用将静脉溶栓治疗从院内提到院前。本研究初步探讨中国首台MSU在急性卒中患者院前静脉溶栓中的作用。方法回顾性分析荥阳市人民医院卒中中心2018年11月-2019年4月期间应用MSU进行院前静脉溶栓的患者(MSU溶栓组)和使用传统救护车转运至院内静脉溶栓的患者(常规溶栓组)的临床资料。观察终点包括主要时间指标从呼叫至溶栓时间、从发病至溶栓时间;疗效指标为90 d良好预后(mRS评分≤2分)率;安全性指标包括溶栓后48 h内症状性颅内出血及随访90 d内的全因死亡。比较静脉溶栓患者应用两种治疗模式的终点差异。结果MSU溶栓组共计14例患者接受了院外静脉溶栓,同时期常规溶栓组有24例患者在院内进行了静脉溶栓治疗。与常规溶栓组相比,MSU溶栓组呼叫至溶栓时间(59 min vs 92 mi n,P=0.001)、发病至溶栓时间(73 min vs 114 mi n,P=0.002)均较短。两组的90 d良好预后率(79%vs 67%,P=0.488)和安全性指标均未见统计学差异。结论基于MSU的急性缺血性卒中院前溶栓可以显著缩短患者从发病至溶栓时间及呼叫至溶栓时间,但对于急性卒中的救治疗效仍需要多中心前瞻性研究进一步验证。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51479032)National Key R&D Plan(2017YFC0406002)
文摘Improving crop water productivity is necessary for ensuring food security. To quantify the water utilization in grain production from multiple perspectives, gross inflow water productivity(WPg), generalized agricultural water productivity(WPa), evapotranspiration water productivity(WPET) and irrigation water productivity(WPI) were examined in this study. This paper calculated and analyzed the temporal and spatial variation in these water productivity(WP) indices in the irrigated land of Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that almost all of the municipal WP indices increased from 2007 to 2015. The four indices showed large differences in scientific connotation and numerical performance, and their degrees of spatial variation were ranked as WPI>WPa>WPg>WPET. The spatial patterns of WP indices in different years were similar; the central and southern regions on the Songnen Plain and the eastern region had high WP values, while those of the northern region were low. Each WP index was used to evaluate the relationship between the input of water resources and the output of grain between different regions. Most cities had the potential to improve WP by reducing the input of irrigation water. Furthermore, the results provided recommendations to decision makers to plan for efficient use of water resources in different cities.
文摘目的大多数急性缺血性卒中患者难以在发病早期接受静脉溶栓治疗,而移动卒中单元(mobile stroke unit,MSU)的应用将静脉溶栓治疗从院内提到院前。本研究初步探讨中国首台MSU在急性卒中患者院前静脉溶栓中的作用。方法回顾性分析荥阳市人民医院卒中中心2018年11月-2019年4月期间应用MSU进行院前静脉溶栓的患者(MSU溶栓组)和使用传统救护车转运至院内静脉溶栓的患者(常规溶栓组)的临床资料。观察终点包括主要时间指标从呼叫至溶栓时间、从发病至溶栓时间;疗效指标为90 d良好预后(mRS评分≤2分)率;安全性指标包括溶栓后48 h内症状性颅内出血及随访90 d内的全因死亡。比较静脉溶栓患者应用两种治疗模式的终点差异。结果MSU溶栓组共计14例患者接受了院外静脉溶栓,同时期常规溶栓组有24例患者在院内进行了静脉溶栓治疗。与常规溶栓组相比,MSU溶栓组呼叫至溶栓时间(59 min vs 92 mi n,P=0.001)、发病至溶栓时间(73 min vs 114 mi n,P=0.002)均较短。两组的90 d良好预后率(79%vs 67%,P=0.488)和安全性指标均未见统计学差异。结论基于MSU的急性缺血性卒中院前溶栓可以显著缩短患者从发病至溶栓时间及呼叫至溶栓时间,但对于急性卒中的救治疗效仍需要多中心前瞻性研究进一步验证。
