Urbanization,often coupled with industrialization,is generally considered as a boost for improving livelihood as well as alleviating ecological pressures of the rural areas.However,this experience needs to be tested i...Urbanization,often coupled with industrialization,is generally considered as a boost for improving livelihood as well as alleviating ecological pressures of the rural areas.However,this experience needs to be tested in less industrialized areas,particularly where the urbanization is driven by non-economic factors such as urban public services and relevant government policies rather than employment opportunities.Taking two villages on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as examples,through the field investigation by using semi-structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews,and statistical data analysis,we explored the impacts of urbanization on migrants’livelihoods and the ecological conditions of their original village rangeland.We found that the disposable income and savings of emigrant households were less than the stay households,which might be correlated to the limited employment due to the lagged industrialization in the local township,and the mismatch between their traditional labor skills and the demands of urban services.Their home-village rangeland overuse was not alleviated since the increasing grazing pressure caused by the stay households,though the emigrant households intended to decrease the number of livestock on their home pasture.We concluded that the urbanization misaligned with local industrialization may fail to improve migrant livelihoods and local ecological conditions in less industrialized areas.Our research supplements the previous urbanization theory by highlighting the non-industrialization driven urbanization,and is particularly pertinent for the transitional countries worldwide.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Oleoylethanolamide(OEA) is an endogenous peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor alpha(PPARα) agonist that acts on the peripheral control of energy metabolism.Previous studies have shown that OEA exerts n...OBJECTIVE Oleoylethanolamide(OEA) is an endogenous peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor alpha(PPARα) agonist that acts on the peripheral control of energy metabolism.Previous studies have shown that OEA exerts neuroprotection after cerebral ischemia.However,whether OEA affects the outcomes of diabetes-induced encephalopathy(DE) requires further study.METHODS The chronic effects of OEA on DE were evaluated in C57BL/6 and PPARαknockout mice,individually.The cognitive function was assessed with Morris water maze.The expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE) and phosphorylation of Tau in mice hippocampus were determined using Western blotting.The influence of OEA in neuron loss and neuroplasticity were assessed with immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting.RESULTS OEA markedly ameliorated performance in the Morris water maze,which was correlated with its capabilities of suppressing glycometabolism and phosphorylation of Tau in the hippocampus.OEA offered protection from diabetes-induced impairments in hippocampal neuroplasticity.Furthermore,the changes in Morris water maze performance and neuron loss could not be observed in PPARα knockout mouse models with OEA administration.CONCLUSION The ability of OEA to control PPARα signaling can serve as a novel neuroprotective approach for the treatment of diabetes-induced encephalopathy.展开更多
博来霉素(bleomycin,BLM)是目前用于治疗头颈癌等多种癌症的药物之一,但会产生一系列副作用,例如肺纤维化(pulmonary fibrosis,PF),这大大降低了患者的生活质量。藻蓝蛋白(phycocyanin,PC)作为一种色素蛋白对包括PF在内的多种疾病具有...博来霉素(bleomycin,BLM)是目前用于治疗头颈癌等多种癌症的药物之一,但会产生一系列副作用,例如肺纤维化(pulmonary fibrosis,PF),这大大降低了患者的生活质量。藻蓝蛋白(phycocyanin,PC)作为一种色素蛋白对包括PF在内的多种疾病具有调节作用。研究发现,慢性肠道疾病通常伴有肺部疾病,患者的肠道菌群会发生紊乱。针对上述线索,研究了PC对BLM诱导的PF小鼠肠道菌群的影响。通过尾静脉将BLM注入小鼠体内,以构建肺纤维化模型。然后通过16S r RNA高通量基因测序技术,分析了PC对BLM引起的PF小鼠肠道菌群的影响。结果表明,PC降低了BLM诱导的PF程度并调节了小鼠的肠道菌群。通过尾静脉注射BLM后,小鼠肺部受到损伤,肠道菌群发生紊乱。口服藻蓝蛋白干预后,小鼠的肺组织切片显示其胶原蛋白沉积减少,肺泡间隔和炎性细胞浸润减少,小鼠PF程度减轻。此时,小鼠肠道菌群中Alistipes、Lachnospiraceae等有益菌的丰度增加,Rikenella等有害菌的丰度降低,肠道菌群趋于正常。推测PC可以通过增加肠道中有益细菌的数量并减少肠道中有害细菌的数量来调节尾静脉注射BLM引起的肠道菌群失调,从而降低小鼠的PF程度。展开更多
目的:探讨失效模式与效应分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)在改善保修医疗设备维修服务流程中的应用,以提高医疗设备故障维修效率。方法:利用FMEA管理工具分析当前保修医疗设备维修服务流程中存在的高风险流程及失效模式,...目的:探讨失效模式与效应分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)在改善保修医疗设备维修服务流程中的应用,以提高医疗设备故障维修效率。方法:利用FMEA管理工具分析当前保修医疗设备维修服务流程中存在的高风险流程及失效模式,将各项失效模式的严重性与机会评分结果相乘得到该项失效模式的危害指数并进行排序,对危害指数较高的失效模式进行危害分析,制订相应的改进措施并逐项落实整改。结果:通过整改,优化了保修医疗设备的维修服务流程并应用到日常维修服务工作中。相较于流程优化前,保修医疗设备的日修复率提升了91.29%,年度开机率提升了3.96%。结论:应用FMEA能够较好地改善保修医疗设备的维修服务流程,缩短了医疗设备故障的停机时间,提升了医疗设备故障的维修效率和质量。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number 41971256 and 42271290)。
文摘Urbanization,often coupled with industrialization,is generally considered as a boost for improving livelihood as well as alleviating ecological pressures of the rural areas.However,this experience needs to be tested in less industrialized areas,particularly where the urbanization is driven by non-economic factors such as urban public services and relevant government policies rather than employment opportunities.Taking two villages on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as examples,through the field investigation by using semi-structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews,and statistical data analysis,we explored the impacts of urbanization on migrants’livelihoods and the ecological conditions of their original village rangeland.We found that the disposable income and savings of emigrant households were less than the stay households,which might be correlated to the limited employment due to the lagged industrialization in the local township,and the mismatch between their traditional labor skills and the demands of urban services.Their home-village rangeland overuse was not alleviated since the increasing grazing pressure caused by the stay households,though the emigrant households intended to decrease the number of livestock on their home pasture.We concluded that the urbanization misaligned with local industrialization may fail to improve migrant livelihoods and local ecological conditions in less industrialized areas.Our research supplements the previous urbanization theory by highlighting the non-industrialization driven urbanization,and is particularly pertinent for the transitional countries worldwide.
基金Fun-damental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720180042)Health Science ResearchPersonnel Training Program of Fujian Province(2018-CXB-30)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian, China (2016J014152016D024)Science and Technology Project of Xi
文摘OBJECTIVE Oleoylethanolamide(OEA) is an endogenous peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor alpha(PPARα) agonist that acts on the peripheral control of energy metabolism.Previous studies have shown that OEA exerts neuroprotection after cerebral ischemia.However,whether OEA affects the outcomes of diabetes-induced encephalopathy(DE) requires further study.METHODS The chronic effects of OEA on DE were evaluated in C57BL/6 and PPARαknockout mice,individually.The cognitive function was assessed with Morris water maze.The expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE) and phosphorylation of Tau in mice hippocampus were determined using Western blotting.The influence of OEA in neuron loss and neuroplasticity were assessed with immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting.RESULTS OEA markedly ameliorated performance in the Morris water maze,which was correlated with its capabilities of suppressing glycometabolism and phosphorylation of Tau in the hippocampus.OEA offered protection from diabetes-induced impairments in hippocampal neuroplasticity.Furthermore,the changes in Morris water maze performance and neuron loss could not be observed in PPARα knockout mouse models with OEA administration.CONCLUSION The ability of OEA to control PPARα signaling can serve as a novel neuroprotective approach for the treatment of diabetes-induced encephalopathy.
文摘博来霉素(bleomycin,BLM)是目前用于治疗头颈癌等多种癌症的药物之一,但会产生一系列副作用,例如肺纤维化(pulmonary fibrosis,PF),这大大降低了患者的生活质量。藻蓝蛋白(phycocyanin,PC)作为一种色素蛋白对包括PF在内的多种疾病具有调节作用。研究发现,慢性肠道疾病通常伴有肺部疾病,患者的肠道菌群会发生紊乱。针对上述线索,研究了PC对BLM诱导的PF小鼠肠道菌群的影响。通过尾静脉将BLM注入小鼠体内,以构建肺纤维化模型。然后通过16S r RNA高通量基因测序技术,分析了PC对BLM引起的PF小鼠肠道菌群的影响。结果表明,PC降低了BLM诱导的PF程度并调节了小鼠的肠道菌群。通过尾静脉注射BLM后,小鼠肺部受到损伤,肠道菌群发生紊乱。口服藻蓝蛋白干预后,小鼠的肺组织切片显示其胶原蛋白沉积减少,肺泡间隔和炎性细胞浸润减少,小鼠PF程度减轻。此时,小鼠肠道菌群中Alistipes、Lachnospiraceae等有益菌的丰度增加,Rikenella等有害菌的丰度降低,肠道菌群趋于正常。推测PC可以通过增加肠道中有益细菌的数量并减少肠道中有害细菌的数量来调节尾静脉注射BLM引起的肠道菌群失调,从而降低小鼠的PF程度。
文摘目的:探讨失效模式与效应分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)在改善保修医疗设备维修服务流程中的应用,以提高医疗设备故障维修效率。方法:利用FMEA管理工具分析当前保修医疗设备维修服务流程中存在的高风险流程及失效模式,将各项失效模式的严重性与机会评分结果相乘得到该项失效模式的危害指数并进行排序,对危害指数较高的失效模式进行危害分析,制订相应的改进措施并逐项落实整改。结果:通过整改,优化了保修医疗设备的维修服务流程并应用到日常维修服务工作中。相较于流程优化前,保修医疗设备的日修复率提升了91.29%,年度开机率提升了3.96%。结论:应用FMEA能够较好地改善保修医疗设备的维修服务流程,缩短了医疗设备故障的停机时间,提升了医疗设备故障的维修效率和质量。
