SpyGlass in Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Right Hepatic Duct Tumor Thrombus Hemorrhage: A Case Report

Hepatocelluar carcinoma presenting as a biliary duct tumor thrombus is a relatively rare entity, with poor prognosis. The primary clinical manifestation of this disease is obstructive jaundice, which can often be misdiagnosed. A 59-year-old female patient was admitted with sudden onset of abdominal pain. Laboratory tests suggested obstructive jaundice, and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the upper abdomen did not show obvious biliary dilatation. Endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography suggested an occupying lesion in the upper bile duct. SpyGlass and biopsy finally confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma with right hepatic duct tumor thrombus hemorrhage. The SpyGlass Direct Visualization System, as an advanced biliary cholangioscopy device, showed the advantages of single-person operation as well as easy access to and visualization of the lesion.

Clinical significance and potential application of cuproptosis-related genes in gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Worldwide,gastric cancer(GC)is a common lethal solid malignancy with a poor prognosis.Cuproptosis is a novel type of cell death mediated by protein lipoylation and may be related to GC prognosis.AIM To offer new insights to predict GC prognosis and provide multiple therapeutic targets related to cuproptosis-related genes(CRGs)for future therapy.METHODS We collected data from several public data portals,systematically estimated the expression level and prognostic values of CRGs in GC samples,and investigated related mechanisms using public databases and bioinformatics.RESULTS Our results revealed that FDX1,LIAS,and MTF1 were differentially expressed in GC samples and exhibited important prognostic significance in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)cohort.We constructed a nomogram model for overall survival and disease-specific survival prediction and validated it via calibration plots.Mecha-nistically,immune cell infiltration and DNA methylation prominently affected the survival time of GC patients.Moreover,protein-protein interaction network,KEGG pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses demonstrated that FDX1,LIAS,MTF1 and related proteins play key roles in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and cuproptosis.Gene Expression Omnibus database validation showed that the expression levels of FDX1,LIAS,and MTF1 were consistent with those in the TCGA cohort.Top 10 perturbagens has been filtered CONCLUSION In conclusion,FDX1,LIAS,and MTF1 could serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for GC patients and provide novel targets for immunotarget therapy.

Preparation of the highly dense ceramic-metal fuel particle with fine-grained tungsten layer by chemical vapor deposition for the application in nuclear thermal propulsion

The cermet fuel element was achieved by dispersing the UO_(2)particles with or without tungsten(W)coating layer uniformly in the W matrix.It is considered to be a robust and secure fuel for use in nuclear thermal propulsion in the near future.In this study,the effect of deposition temperature on the densification and grain refinement of the W coating layer was investigated.A high-density(19.24 g·cm^(-3))W layer with a uniform thickness(~10μm)and fine grains(~297 nm)was prepared by spouted-bed chemical vapor deposition.The prepared high-density,fine-grained W layer has the following advantages.It can prevent direct contact between fuel particles,resulting in a more uniform fuel distribution.In addition,it can decrease the reaction probability between the fuel kernel and H2,and prevent the release of fission products from the fuel kernel by extending the diffusion path at grain boundaries more efficiently.Moreover,the high-density,fine-grained W layer showed outstanding thermal and mechanical performance.Its average hardness and Young's modulus were approximately 7 and 200 GPa,respectively.The thermal conductivity of the W film was 101-124 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)at 298-773 K.This work furthers our understanding of the potential application of the high-density,fine-grained W layer in nuclear thermal propulsion.