Global Positioning Scheme via Quantum Teleportation

Quantum teleportation scheme is undoubtedly an inspiring theoretical discovery as an amazing application of quantum physics,which was experimentally realized several years later.For the purpose of quantum communication via this scheme,an entangled ancillary pair shared by Alice and Bob is the essential ingredient,and a quantum memory in Bob’s system is necessary for him to keep the quantum state until the classical message from Alice arrives.Yet,the quantum memory remains a challenge in both technology and rationale.Here we show that quantum teleportation provides fresh perspectives in terms of an alternative scheme for global positioning system.Referring to fixed locations of Bob and Charlie,Alice can determine her relative position by comparing quantum states before and after teleporting around via Bob and Charlie successively.This may open up a new scene in the stage of the application of quantum physics without quantum memories.

胰腺脓肿致消化道出血1例

胰腺疾病引起的消化道出血相对少见。上海中医药大学附属第七人民医院收治1例急性重症胰腺炎,术后2个月发生消化道出血。现报道如下。1临床资料患者,男性,48岁,2个月前因右上腹疼痛9 h入院,上腹部CT提示胆囊结石、胆总管多发结石,入院第2天血压突降至75/50 mmHg,考虑为感染性休克,紧急行剖腹探查术+胆囊切除术+胆总管切开取石术,术中胆囊内结石多枚,胆总管内胆汁黏稠伴脓性,于胆总管下段取出结石2枚,直径约0.5 cm,见胰头水肿,周围渗液较多.

Esophagectomy for locally advanced esophageal cancer, followed by chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy

AIM: To compare the efficacy and toxicity of a three-step combination therapy with post-operative radiation alone for locally advanced esophageal cancer.METHODS: Patients with T3-4 and N0-1 esophageal carcinoma from a number of institutions were non-randomly,prospectively enrolled in the study. All patients underwent single-stage curative en bloc esophagectomy. The patients were then assigned into one of two treatment groups based on treatment consisting of either post-operative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with weekly cisplatin 30 mg/m2 followed by systemic adjuvant chemotherapy (four monthly cycles of cisplatin 20 mg/m2 and 5-fiuorouracil 1 000 mg/m2 for five consecutive days),or, post-operative radiation alone. The radiotherapy dose was 55-60 Gy for all patients. Primary end-point of this study was to assess the per-protocol patients' improvement of overall survival benefit. Secondary end-point was designed to evaluate both the per-protocol and intent-to-treat patients' outcome of survival.RESULTS: A total of 60 patients (n = 30 per group) were enrolled in this study. The two groups were generally comparable for demographic characteristics and hematological and non-hematological toxicities. The CCRT with weekly cisplatin was well tolerated, with significantly better overall survival (30.9 mo vs 20.7 mo; 95% CI,27.5-36.4 vs15.2-26.1) and 3-year survival (70.0% vs 33.7%; P = 0.003). Low histological grade of tumor (P＜0.001) was associated with favorable survival in these locally advanced patients.CONCLUSION: For locally advanced esophageal cancer,the combination of esophagectomy, post-operative CCRT with weekly cisplatin and systemic adjuvant chemotherapy is well tolerated and effective. A large-scale, prospective randomized trial of this regimen is in progress.

Differential expression of VASA gene in ejaculated spermatozoa from normozoospermic men and patients with oligozoospermia

Aim： To detect the expression of VASA in human ejaculated spermatozoa, and to compare the expression of VASA between normozoospermic men and patients with oligozoospermia. Methods： Ejaculated spermatozoa were collected from normozoospermic men and patients with oligozoospermia by masturbation, and subsequently segregated through a discontinuous gradient of Percoll to obtain the spermatozoa. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT- PCR）, quantitative RT-PCR （QRT-PCR）, immunoflurescence and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of VASA in mRNA and protein levels. Results： VASA mRNA was expressed in the ejaculated spermatozoa. QRT-PCR analysis showed that VASA mRNA level was approximately 5-fold higher in normozoospermic men than that in oligozoospermic men. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting analysis showed that VASA protein was located on the cytoplasmic membrane of heads and tails of spermatozoa, and its expression was significantly decreased in oligozoospermic men, which is similar to the result of QRT-PCR. Conclusion： The expression of VASA mRNA and protein was significantly decreased in the sperm of oligozoospermic men, which suggested the lower expression of the VASA gene might be associated with pathogenesis in some subtypes of male infertility and VASA could be used as a molecular marker for the diagnosis of male infertility.

Dynamic Accuracy Design Method of Ultra-precision Machine Tool

Ultra-precision machine tool is the most important physical tool to machining the workpiece with the frequency domain error requirement, in the design process of which the dynamic accuracy design(DAD) is indispensable and the related research is rarely available. In light of above reasons, a DAD method of ultra-precision machine tool is proposed in this paper, which is based on the frequency domain error allocation.The basic procedure and enabling knowledge of the DAD method is introduced. The application case of DAD method in the ultra-precision flycutting machine tool for KDP crystal machining is described to show the procedure detailedly. In this case, the KDP workpiece surface has the requirements in four different spatial frequency bands, and the emphasis for this study is put on the middle-frequency band with the PSD specifications. The results of the application case basically show the feasibility of the proposed DAD method. The DAD method of ultra-precision machine tool can effectively minimize the technical risk and improve the machining reliability of the designed machine tool. This paper will play an important role in the design and manufacture of new ultra-precision machine tool.

Effects of oxygen enriched tent by a new oxygen concentration machine on blood oxygen saturation and heart rate in tibet

Many people who live in the low altitude areas are often suffered from hypoxia when they entered the high plateau. This problem may seriously influence the physical and mental state and work efficacy for the travelers and workers. Oxygen enrichment of a small space air at high altitude is considered as a simple way to provide lowlanders enriched oxygen for sleeping and resting, improving work efficiency, so we developed an oxygen concentration machine based on the technology of oxygen enrichment membrane. This paper tested 8 healthy male lowlanders (age 21.63±1.77 yr) who have never exposed to plateau performed an incremental exercise on cycle ergometer at sea-level in order to be used as sea-level controls. Two days later, the same subjects were taken to Lhasa (3700 m) by air and exposed to the plateau, performed the same exercise as they did at sea-level. The next day, all subjects were asked to enter the experimental tent which was enriched with oxygen (higher than 24%) by the oxygen concentration machine and sleep for 10 hours at night, then exposed to plateau and performed the same exercise twice at different time (2 hours and 10 hours after oxygen enrichment). During the tests, subjects must cycled continuously at 60 rpm beginning with a 3 min exercise intensity of 0 W followed by incremental increases of 25 W every 3 min until 150 W, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) were recorded. After sleeping in an oxygen enrichment of tent air, 2 hours later, the subjects’ load capacity had no difference compared with control group, but significant difference than before (higher SpO2 and lower HR), which indicated that oxygen concentration machine is effective in increasing the oxygen concentration of the air for the tent and sleeping in the oxygen enrichment tent for l0 h might be effective in improving exercise performance during high-altitude hypoxia. At the same time, 10 hours later, when work-load exceeded 125 W, the same effects were also found. The results indicated the effects of oxygen enrichment of tent air could last a certain period of time.

Quantum Approach to Fast Protein-Folding Time

In the traditional random-conformational-search model,various hypotheses with a series of meta-stable intermediate states were proposed to resolve the Levinthal paradox in protein-folding time.Here we introduce a quantum strategy to formulate protein folding as a quantum walk on a definite graph, which provides us a g’eneral framework without making hypotheses.Evaluating it by the mean of first passage time,we find that the folding time via our quantum approach is much shorter than the one obtained via.classical random walks.This idea is expected to evoke more insights for future studies.

An Enzymatic Reaction Modulated Fluorescence-on Omethoate Biosensor Based on Fe_(3)O_(4)@GO and Copper Nanoparticles

The employing of organophosphorus pesticides(OPs),especially,the abusing of OPs,leads to residue accumulation,which causes immense effect to human health and environment.So,it is an urgent task to develop highly sensitive OPs’detection platforms.A novel enzyme modulated fluorescence-on sensor for sensitive detection of omethoate was successfully constructed,using AT-rich double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)templated copper nanoparticles(CuNPs)as the fluorescent signal and covalently combined magnetic Fe_(3)O_(4)and graphene oxide(GO)as the single-stranded DNA(ssDNA)adsorbent.The assay just associates acetylcholinesterase(AChE),one strand of dsDNA,acetylcholinein(ATCh),Fe_(3)O_(4)@GO and ascorbic acid(AA)/Cu^(2+).T6-1 and T6-2 are two strands single-stranded DNA(ssDNA)with the AT-rich sequence and continuous T bases at their two ends,respectively.In the aid of Hg^(^(2+)),they can hybridize into a blunt-ended dsDNA with one AT-rich end and one T-Hg^(^(2+))-T base pairs end.Once omethoate exists,it can inhibit AChE from transducing acetylcholinein(ATCh)into thiocholine(TCh).So,no TCh can snatch Hg^(^(2+))from T-Hg^(^(2+))-T base pairs in blunt-ended T6-1/T6-2.T6-1/T6-2 still keeps its integrity in blunt-ended dsDNA configuration,and hence the subsequently added Fe_(3)O_(4)@GO cannot absorb it.The remained blunt-ended T6-1/T6-2 in supernatant can act as the template of CuNPs to produce strong luminescence.The developed detection offers a signal-on omethoate detection,which can sensitively detect omethoate in the linear range of 5-200 nmol/L with a detection limit of 2.48 nmol/L.More importantly,it can detect omethoate in food and environmental samples,demonstrating high potential in real sample detection.

HPV Infection and Distribution of HPV Genotypes on Patients with Condyloma Acuminatum

Objective To determine the incidence of infection with HPV and the distribution of HPV genotypes on patients with Condyloma acuminatum. Methods Twenty-three different HPV types were detected by PCR and reverse dot blot （RDB） hybridization over all 6 508 samples of vulva and cervix uteri in patients with condyloma acuminatum. Including 18 types were high-risk （HR）-HPV （16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 83 and MM4）, and 5 types were low-risk （LR）-HPV （6, 11, 42, 43 and 44）. Results Among 6 508 cases, there were 3 288 cases with HPV infection and the incidence rate was 50.52%. The positive HPV patients overlap all 23 genotypes detected. There were 2 038 cases infected with a single HPV type and 1 250 cases infected with multiple HPV types. The constituent ratios in positive cases were 61.98% and 38.02%, respectively. There were 1 453 cases only with LR-HPV types infection, 945 cases only with HR-HPV types and 890 cases both with LR-HPV and HR-HPV infection, and the constituent ratios were 44.19%, 28.74% and 27.07%. There were 4 843 times positive HPV infection, including HR-HPV 2 361 times and LR-HPV 2 482 times. The common HR-HPV genotypes were 16, 52, 58, 56, 18, 66 and 33, and the incidence ratios were 6.31%, 5.06%, 4.04%, 2.60%, 2.41%, 2.40% and 2.28%. And the common LR-HPV genotypes were 6, 11 and 43, and the incidence ratios were 16.98%,11.09% and 6.75%, respectively. Overlap 23 types, the most common geno- types were HPV6 and HPVll, the incidence rates were higher than others （P〈0.05）. Conclusion HPV infection, especially with HR-HPV genotypes infect genital tract, which caused Condyloma acuminatum and cervical lesions, or cervical cancer. The detection of HPV genotypes was very important to prevent, diagnose early and therapy for cervical lesions or cervical cancer.

Analysis of Distribution of Thalassemic Genotype and Clinical Phenotype

Objective To determine the incidence of Thalassemia, the distribution of Thalassemic genotype and clinical phenotype. Methods Reverse dot blot （RDB） hybridization was used to detect the common three a-globin gene deletions（--SEA, -a3.7 and-a4.2） by Gap-PCR over all 8 118 cases and to detect 17 fl-globin gene 17 mutations （CD41-42, IVS- ][-654, CD17, -28, fiE, CD71- 72, CD27-28, -29, CD43, CD14-15, IVS-I-1, IVS-I-5, CAP, -31, Int, -32, -30） among 7 934 eases. Patients were grouped according to clinical phenotype such as anemia symptom, screening test of thalassemia and family carrier history. Results Among 8 118 cases, there were 2 519 cases with a-globin gene deletions over 9 kinds genotypes, and the incidence ofa-thal was 31.03%. The genotypes of--SEA/aa, -a3.7/aa, -a4.2/aa, -a3.7/--SEA and -a4.2/-sEA were common and constituent ratios were 77.05%, 11.95%, 4.01%,3.65% and 2.10%, respectively, and altogether was 98. 76%. Over all 7 934 cases, there were 1 691 cases with fl-globin gene mutation over 13 kinds genotypes, and the incidence of fl-thal was 21.31%, The mutation of CD41-42, IVS- ff-654, CD17 and -28 were common, and constituent ratios were 34.24%, 29.80%, 16.03% and 10. 70%, respectively, and altogether was 90. 77%. Number of patients with screening test positive was the largest, and the incidence of the group with three indications was the highest. The abnormal percentage in group both with anemia symptom and screening test positive was the highest. Conclusion There was a high thalassemia carrier rate among patients with clinical indications in our study. The main indication for diagnosis of thalassemia was both with anemia symptoms and screening test positive. The characteristics of thalamessia genotype in our study were consistent with that in southern China. It was important for population, especially reproductive population of high frequency area region to screen- ing and diagnosing thalassemia.

Quantum model for understanding protein misfolding behavior——phase diagram and manual intervention

The study of protein folding is fundamental and important in the multidisciplinary field because a diversity of diseases,like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s are relevant to protein misfolding.The current thermodynamic and geometric approaches only phenomenologically describe but do not provide a mechanistic understanding of the competition between correct folding and misfolding.Here we present a model to understand the misfolding behavior.Considering the influence of dissipative strength for all possible sequences and comparing the folding time toward different compact structures,we obtain a phase diagram of the dissipative quantum phase transition that enables us to model the behavior.We also investigate how a perturbation in the Hamiltonian affects the transition point,which motivates us to explore possible manual interventions.Our results indicate that the manual intervention may be effective for some specific sequence but not for everyone.This approach is expected to lay a foundation for further studies on manual intervention in protein misfolding.

Investigation on Azoospermia Factor (AZF) Microdeletion and Sex-determining Region Y (SRY) of the Y Chromosome in Male Infertility

Objective To determine the incidence of azoospermia faetor （AZF） microdeletions of Y chromosome in male infertility and to investigate the mechanism of sex-determining region Y （SRY） in sex differentiation. Methods The mierodeletion of AZF was detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction （PCR） using Y-chromosome specific sequence tagged sites （STSs）, and SRY was analyzed by PCR and sequencing. Results There were 100 cases with AZF microdeletion and the ratio of AZF microdeletion was 6.8% over all 1 474 cases. The ratios of AZF microdeletion of azoospermia group and severe oligozoospermia group were 9.0% and 7.1%, respectively, which was significantly different from oligozoospermia group （P〈 0. 05）. There were 67 cases with 5 STSs mierodeletion of sY152, sY239, sY243, sY254 and sY255. There were 20 cases with long fragment deletion more than 10 STSs, and the patterns of AZF microdeletion in other 13 cases were rare. In all 9 patients with disorders of sex differentiation, there were 6patients with SRY-absent and AZF-absent. There was no mutation of SRY gene by sequencing in other 3 patients with SRY-positive. Conclusion Deletions in AZF region of Y chromosome are specific with diagnoses with spermatogenesis disorder. Deletions of sY152, sY239, sY243, sY254 and sY255 occur the most frequently. SRY was an important candidate gene of testis-determining factor （TDF） gene.