AIM:To establish the rat model of streptozotocin(STZ)induced diabetic retinopathy(DR),which is the most common cause of visual loss and blindness in patients with diabetes,and observe the gene expression of vascular e...AIM:To establish the rat model of streptozotocin(STZ)induced diabetic retinopathy(DR),which is the most common cause of visual loss and blindness in patients with diabetes,and observe the gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and its receptors during the development of DR.METHODS:A rat model of diabetes was established by intraperitoneal injection of STZ.The diabetic rats were housed for 2,3 and 4 months after the development of diabetes.Retinal histopathological observation was performed.The retinal vessels were observed by immunofluorescence staining by CD31.The mRNA expression of VEGF,VEGF receptor 1 and 2(VEGFR1/2) in rat retina was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) analysis. RESULTS:Retinal histopathological observation showed the morphological changes of inner nuclear layer(INL) and outer nuclear layer(ONL) at any time-point,and also demonstrated the increased new vessels at both 3,4 months after the development of diabetes.The CD31 staining results showed that the number of vessels was increased in the retinas of diabetic rats at both 3 and 4 months after the development of diabetes.As compared to the normal rats,the mRNA expression of VEGF was increased in retinas of diabetic rats at 3 months after the development of diabetes,while VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 mRNA expression was increased at 2,3 and 4 months after the development of diabetes.CONCLUSION:Takentogether,ourresultsdemonstrated that DR was occurred at 3 months after the development of diabetes,and the mRNA expression of VEGF,VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 were increased in the process of DR.The present study further evidenced the involvement of VEGF and its receptors in the process of DR.展开更多
AIM: To observe the attenuation of ethanol extract of Herba Scutellaria barbata(SE) against diabetic retinopathy(DR) and its engaged mechanism.METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin...AIM: To observe the attenuation of ethanol extract of Herba Scutellaria barbata(SE) against diabetic retinopathy(DR) and its engaged mechanism.METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin(STZ, 55 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days to induce diabetes. The diabetic mice were orally given with SE(100, 200 mg/kg) for 1mo at 1mo after STZ injection. Blood-retinal barrier(BRB) breakdown was detected by using Evans blue permeation assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect m RNA and protein expression. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect serum contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin(IL)-1β.RESULTS: SE(100, 200 mg/kg) reversed the breakdown of BRB in STZ-induced diabetic mice. The decreased expression of retinal claudin-1 and claudin-19, which are both tight junction(TJ) proteins, was reversed by SE. SE decreased the increased serum contents and retinal m RNA expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. SE also decreased the increased retinal expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1). SE reduced the increased phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B(NFκB) p65 and its subsequent nuclear translocation in retinas from STZinduced diabetic mice. Results of Western blot and retinal immunofluorescence staining of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1) demonstrated that SE abrogated the activation of microglia cells in STZ-induced diabetic mice.CONCLUSION: SE attenuates the development of DR by inhibiting retinal inflammation and restoring the decreased expression of TJ proteins including claudin-1 and claudin-19.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Intravenous transplantation has been regarded as a most safe method in stem cell therapies.There is evidence showing the homing of bone marrow stem cells(BMSCs) into the injured sites,and thus these cells c...BACKGROUND:Intravenous transplantation has been regarded as a most safe method in stem cell therapies.There is evidence showing the homing of bone marrow stem cells(BMSCs) into the injured sites,and thus these cells can be used in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction(Ml).This study aimed to investigate the effect of intravenous and epicardial transplantion of BMSCs on myocardial infarction size in a rabbit model.METHODS:A total of 60 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:control group,epicardium group(group Ⅰ) and ear vein group(group Ⅱ).The BMSCs were collected from the tibial plateau in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,cultured and labeled.In the three groups,rabbits underwent thoracotomy and ligation of the middle left anterior descending artery.The elevation of ST segment>0.2 mV lasting for 30 minutes on the lead Ⅱ and Ⅲ of electrocardiogram suggested successful introduction of myocardial infarction.Two weeks after myocardial infarction,rabbits in group Ⅰ were treated with autogenous BMSCs at the infarct region and those in group Ⅱ received intravenous transplantation of BMSCs.In the control group,rabbits were treated with PBS following thoracotomy.Four weeks after myocardial infarction,the heart was collected from all rabbits and the infarct size was calculated.The heart was cut into sections followed by HE staining and calculation of infarct size with an image system.RESULTS:In groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,the infarct size was significantly reduced after transplantation with BMSCs when compared with the control group(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the infarct size between groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Transplantation of BMSCs has therapeutic effect on Ml.Moreover,epicardial and intravenous transplantation of BMSCs has comparable therapeutic efficacy on myocardial infarction.展开更多
A series of Mn-doped K-Co-Mo catalysts were prepared by a sol-gel method. The catalyst structure was well characterized by X-ray diffraction, N<sub>2</sub> physisorption, NH<sub>3</sub> tempera...A series of Mn-doped K-Co-Mo catalysts were prepared by a sol-gel method. The catalyst structure was well characterized by X-ray diffraction, N<sub>2</sub> physisorption, NH<sub>3</sub> temperature-programmed adsorption, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The catalytic performance for higher alcohol synthesis from syngas was measured. It was found that the Mn-doped catalysts exhibited a much higher activity as compared to the unpromoted catalyst, and in particular the C<sub>2+</sub> alcohol selectivity increased significantly. The distribution of alcohol products deviated from the Anderson-Schulz-Flory law. The portion of methanol in total alcohol was suppressed remarkably and the ethanol became the predominant product. Characterization results indicated that the incorporation of Mn enhanced the interaction of Co and Mo and thus led to the formation of Co-Mo-O species, which was regarded as the active site for the alcohol synthesis. Secondly, the presence of Mn reduced the amount of strong acid sites significantly and meanwhile promoted the formation of weak acid sites, which had a positive effect on the synthesis of alcohol. Furthermore, it was found that the incorporation of Mn can enhance the adsorption of linear- and bridge-type CO significantly, which contributed to the formation of alcohol and growth of carbon chain and thus increased the selectivity to C<sub>2+</sub>OH.展开更多
Background:The detection of polyneuropathy,organomegaly,endocrinopathy,M-protein,and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome at early stage is challenging for neurologists.Since polyneuropathy could be the first manifestation,i...Background:The detection of polyneuropathy,organomegaly,endocrinopathy,M-protein,and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome at early stage is challenging for neurologists.Since polyneuropathy could be the first manifestation,it could be misdiagnosed as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).The present study aimed to determine the clinical and electrophysiological features of POEMS syndrome to distinguish from CIDP.Methods:The data of a group of patients with POEMS (n =17) and patients with CIDP (n =17) in Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University from January 2015 to September 2017 were analyzed in this retrospective study.The clinical features,neurological symptoms,and electrophysiological findings were compared between the two groups.Results:Clinically,patients with POEMS demonstrated significantly more neuropathic pain in the lower extremities than patients with CIDP (58.8 % vs.11.8 %,P =0.01).Multisystem features like edema,skin change,organomegaly,and thrombocytosis were also pointed towards the diagnosis of POEMS syndrome.Electrophysiologically,terminal latency index (TLI) was significantly higher in patients with POEMS than that in patients with CIDP (median nerve:0.39 [0.17-0.52] vs.0.30 (0.07-0.69),Z =-2.413,P =0.016;ulnar nerve:0.55 [0.23-0.78] vs.0.42 [0.12-0.70],Z =-2.034,P =0.042).Patients with POEMS demonstrated a higher frequency of absent compound muscle action potential of the tibial nerve (52.9% vs.17.6%,P =0.031),less conduction block (ulnar nerve:0 vs.35.3%,P =0.018),and less temporal dispersion (median nerve:17.6% vs.58.8%,P =0.032) than CIDP group.The combination of positive serum monoclonal protein and high TLI (if either one or both were present) discriminated POEMS from CIDP with a sensitivity of 94.1% and 47.1% and specificity of 76.5% and 100.0%,respectively.Conclusions:POEMS syndrome could be distinguished from CIDP through typical clinical and electrophysiological characteristics in practice.The combination of serum monoclonal protein and high TLI might raise the sensitivity of detecting POEMS syndrome.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the mechanisms of andrographolide against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)based on network pharmacology,so as to provide a reference for further study of andrographolide in the treatment of...Objective:To investigate the mechanisms of andrographolide against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)based on network pharmacology,so as to provide a reference for further study of andrographolide in the treatment of NASH and other metabolic diseases.Methods:The methionine-and choline-deficient(MCD)diet-induced NASH mice were treated by administration of andrographolide,and serum transaminase and pathological changes were analyzed.The network pharmacology-based bioinformatic strategy was then used to search the potential targets,construct protein–protein interaction(PPI)network,analyze gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment,and conduct molecular docking to explore the molecular mechanisms.Results:The predicted core targets TNF,MAPK8,IL6,IL1B and AKT1 were enriched in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)signaling pathway and against NASH by regulation of de novo fatty acids synthesis,anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation.Conclusion:This work provides a scientific basis for further demonstration of the anti-NASH mechanisms of andrographolide.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81173517)
文摘AIM:To establish the rat model of streptozotocin(STZ)induced diabetic retinopathy(DR),which is the most common cause of visual loss and blindness in patients with diabetes,and observe the gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and its receptors during the development of DR.METHODS:A rat model of diabetes was established by intraperitoneal injection of STZ.The diabetic rats were housed for 2,3 and 4 months after the development of diabetes.Retinal histopathological observation was performed.The retinal vessels were observed by immunofluorescence staining by CD31.The mRNA expression of VEGF,VEGF receptor 1 and 2(VEGFR1/2) in rat retina was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) analysis. RESULTS:Retinal histopathological observation showed the morphological changes of inner nuclear layer(INL) and outer nuclear layer(ONL) at any time-point,and also demonstrated the increased new vessels at both 3,4 months after the development of diabetes.The CD31 staining results showed that the number of vessels was increased in the retinas of diabetic rats at both 3 and 4 months after the development of diabetes.As compared to the normal rats,the mRNA expression of VEGF was increased in retinas of diabetic rats at 3 months after the development of diabetes,while VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 mRNA expression was increased at 2,3 and 4 months after the development of diabetes.CONCLUSION:Takentogether,ourresultsdemonstrated that DR was occurred at 3 months after the development of diabetes,and the mRNA expression of VEGF,VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 were increased in the process of DR.The present study further evidenced the involvement of VEGF and its receptors in the process of DR.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81173517No.81322053)
文摘AIM: To observe the attenuation of ethanol extract of Herba Scutellaria barbata(SE) against diabetic retinopathy(DR) and its engaged mechanism.METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin(STZ, 55 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days to induce diabetes. The diabetic mice were orally given with SE(100, 200 mg/kg) for 1mo at 1mo after STZ injection. Blood-retinal barrier(BRB) breakdown was detected by using Evans blue permeation assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect m RNA and protein expression. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect serum contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin(IL)-1β.RESULTS: SE(100, 200 mg/kg) reversed the breakdown of BRB in STZ-induced diabetic mice. The decreased expression of retinal claudin-1 and claudin-19, which are both tight junction(TJ) proteins, was reversed by SE. SE decreased the increased serum contents and retinal m RNA expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. SE also decreased the increased retinal expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1). SE reduced the increased phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B(NFκB) p65 and its subsequent nuclear translocation in retinas from STZinduced diabetic mice. Results of Western blot and retinal immunofluorescence staining of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1) demonstrated that SE abrogated the activation of microglia cells in STZ-induced diabetic mice.CONCLUSION: SE attenuates the development of DR by inhibiting retinal inflammation and restoring the decreased expression of TJ proteins including claudin-1 and claudin-19.
基金supported by grants from the Scientific Research Plan Project of Liaoning Province(20092250096)Scientific Research Plan Project of Dalian(2010E15SF178)
文摘BACKGROUND:Intravenous transplantation has been regarded as a most safe method in stem cell therapies.There is evidence showing the homing of bone marrow stem cells(BMSCs) into the injured sites,and thus these cells can be used in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction(Ml).This study aimed to investigate the effect of intravenous and epicardial transplantion of BMSCs on myocardial infarction size in a rabbit model.METHODS:A total of 60 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:control group,epicardium group(group Ⅰ) and ear vein group(group Ⅱ).The BMSCs were collected from the tibial plateau in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,cultured and labeled.In the three groups,rabbits underwent thoracotomy and ligation of the middle left anterior descending artery.The elevation of ST segment>0.2 mV lasting for 30 minutes on the lead Ⅱ and Ⅲ of electrocardiogram suggested successful introduction of myocardial infarction.Two weeks after myocardial infarction,rabbits in group Ⅰ were treated with autogenous BMSCs at the infarct region and those in group Ⅱ received intravenous transplantation of BMSCs.In the control group,rabbits were treated with PBS following thoracotomy.Four weeks after myocardial infarction,the heart was collected from all rabbits and the infarct size was calculated.The heart was cut into sections followed by HE staining and calculation of infarct size with an image system.RESULTS:In groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,the infarct size was significantly reduced after transplantation with BMSCs when compared with the control group(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the infarct size between groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Transplantation of BMSCs has therapeutic effect on Ml.Moreover,epicardial and intravenous transplantation of BMSCs has comparable therapeutic efficacy on myocardial infarction.
文摘A series of Mn-doped K-Co-Mo catalysts were prepared by a sol-gel method. The catalyst structure was well characterized by X-ray diffraction, N<sub>2</sub> physisorption, NH<sub>3</sub> temperature-programmed adsorption, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The catalytic performance for higher alcohol synthesis from syngas was measured. It was found that the Mn-doped catalysts exhibited a much higher activity as compared to the unpromoted catalyst, and in particular the C<sub>2+</sub> alcohol selectivity increased significantly. The distribution of alcohol products deviated from the Anderson-Schulz-Flory law. The portion of methanol in total alcohol was suppressed remarkably and the ethanol became the predominant product. Characterization results indicated that the incorporation of Mn enhanced the interaction of Co and Mo and thus led to the formation of Co-Mo-O species, which was regarded as the active site for the alcohol synthesis. Secondly, the presence of Mn reduced the amount of strong acid sites significantly and meanwhile promoted the formation of weak acid sites, which had a positive effect on the synthesis of alcohol. Furthermore, it was found that the incorporation of Mn can enhance the adsorption of linear- and bridge-type CO significantly, which contributed to the formation of alcohol and growth of carbon chain and thus increased the selectivity to C<sub>2+</sub>OH.
基金Project supported by the "Shu Guang" Project from Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation(No.13SG43)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81322053)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-11-1054),China
基金Project supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-11-1054)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81322053)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(No.PCSIRTIRT1071),China
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81322053)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-11-1054)+1 种基金the"Shu Guang"Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation(No.13SG43)the State Major Science and Technology Special Projects during the 12th Five-Year Plan(No.2012ZX09505001-002),China
文摘Background:The detection of polyneuropathy,organomegaly,endocrinopathy,M-protein,and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome at early stage is challenging for neurologists.Since polyneuropathy could be the first manifestation,it could be misdiagnosed as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).The present study aimed to determine the clinical and electrophysiological features of POEMS syndrome to distinguish from CIDP.Methods:The data of a group of patients with POEMS (n =17) and patients with CIDP (n =17) in Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University from January 2015 to September 2017 were analyzed in this retrospective study.The clinical features,neurological symptoms,and electrophysiological findings were compared between the two groups.Results:Clinically,patients with POEMS demonstrated significantly more neuropathic pain in the lower extremities than patients with CIDP (58.8 % vs.11.8 %,P =0.01).Multisystem features like edema,skin change,organomegaly,and thrombocytosis were also pointed towards the diagnosis of POEMS syndrome.Electrophysiologically,terminal latency index (TLI) was significantly higher in patients with POEMS than that in patients with CIDP (median nerve:0.39 [0.17-0.52] vs.0.30 (0.07-0.69),Z =-2.413,P =0.016;ulnar nerve:0.55 [0.23-0.78] vs.0.42 [0.12-0.70],Z =-2.034,P =0.042).Patients with POEMS demonstrated a higher frequency of absent compound muscle action potential of the tibial nerve (52.9% vs.17.6%,P =0.031),less conduction block (ulnar nerve:0 vs.35.3%,P =0.018),and less temporal dispersion (median nerve:17.6% vs.58.8%,P =0.032) than CIDP group.The combination of positive serum monoclonal protein and high TLI (if either one or both were present) discriminated POEMS from CIDP with a sensitivity of 94.1% and 47.1% and specificity of 76.5% and 100.0%,respectively.Conclusions:POEMS syndrome could be distinguished from CIDP through typical clinical and electrophysiological characteristics in practice.The combination of serum monoclonal protein and high TLI might raise the sensitivity of detecting POEMS syndrome.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31802242)Young Talents Visiting and Training Program for Foreign Country of Anhui Education Department(gxgwfx2019047)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of Anhui(2008085QC146)Natural Science Key Foundation of Anhui Education Department(KJ2017A503,KJ2017A504)Talent Project of Anhui Science and Technology University(ZRC2014447)Key ResearchandDevelopmentPlanofAnhuiProvince(202004a06020050)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the mechanisms of andrographolide against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)based on network pharmacology,so as to provide a reference for further study of andrographolide in the treatment of NASH and other metabolic diseases.Methods:The methionine-and choline-deficient(MCD)diet-induced NASH mice were treated by administration of andrographolide,and serum transaminase and pathological changes were analyzed.The network pharmacology-based bioinformatic strategy was then used to search the potential targets,construct protein–protein interaction(PPI)network,analyze gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment,and conduct molecular docking to explore the molecular mechanisms.Results:The predicted core targets TNF,MAPK8,IL6,IL1B and AKT1 were enriched in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)signaling pathway and against NASH by regulation of de novo fatty acids synthesis,anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation.Conclusion:This work provides a scientific basis for further demonstration of the anti-NASH mechanisms of andrographolide.
