The loach tribe Yunnanilini from China is reviewed here using morphological characters and complete mitochondrial genomes of select species.Molecular data suggest that the tribe Yunnanilini is not monophyletic and can...The loach tribe Yunnanilini from China is reviewed here using morphological characters and complete mitochondrial genomes of select species.Molecular data suggest that the tribe Yunnanilini is not monophyletic and can be divided into three clades.Species of the Yunnanilus nigromaculatus group form an independent genus and are placed in Eonemachilus.In the phylogenetic tree,Y.jinxiensis clusters with Paranemachilus genilepis,and Y.pulcherrimus clusters with Micronemacheilus cruciatus,indicating that Y.jinxiensis and Y.pulcherrimus belong to Paranemachilus and Micronemacheilus,respectively.Based on while Y.jinxiensis and Y.pulcherrimus,are placed in Paranemachilus and Micronemacheilus,respectively.Yunnanilus niulanensis and Y.qujinensis are treated as junior synonyms of Eonemachilus caohaiensis.Eonemachilus,Micronemacheilus,and Yunnanilus are show short separation between anterior and posterior nostrils.The genera can be distinguished from each other by mouth structure,lateral line and cephalic lateral-line canals,and papillae on median part of both lips.The anterior and posterior nostrils of Heminoemacheilus and Paranemachilus are closely set.Paranemachilus and Micronemacheilus are distinguished by cheeks covered with scales and lips with papillae,respectively.Our phylogenetic tree and morphological characters support Traccatichthys as a valid genus,which can be distinguished from Micronemacheilus by anterior and posterior nostrils closely set(vs.clearly separated).Four species are placed in Traccatichthys.展开更多
DEAR EDITOR,We describe a new species of the genus Kurixalus, Kurixalus raoi sp. nov., from Guizhou Province, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence. Phylogenetically, the new species is sister to K. idi...DEAR EDITOR,We describe a new species of the genus Kurixalus, Kurixalus raoi sp. nov., from Guizhou Province, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence. Phylogenetically, the new species is sister to K. idiootocus, but is distinguishable from all known congeners by a combination of the following characters: small body size(snout-vent length 28.2-32.2 mm in males;38.6 mm in female);snout rounded.展开更多
DEAR EDITOR,A new loach species(Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae:Yunnanilini), Yunnanilus chuanheensis sp. nov., was caught from Chuanhe in the upper reaches of the Lixianjiang River, a tributary of the Red River in Nanji...DEAR EDITOR,A new loach species(Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae:Yunnanilini), Yunnanilus chuanheensis sp. nov., was caught from Chuanhe in the upper reaches of the Lixianjiang River, a tributary of the Red River in Nanjian County, Yunnan Province, China. This species is a member of the traditional Y.pleurotaenia species group based on the presence of a lateral line and cephalic lateral-line canals.展开更多
A new species of the genus Troglonectes is described from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China.Troglonectes hechiensis sp.nov.can be easily distinguished from its congeners based on the following characters:eyes nor...A new species of the genus Troglonectes is described from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China.Troglonectes hechiensis sp.nov.can be easily distinguished from its congeners based on the following characters:eyes normal;whole body covered by scales except head,throat,and abdomen;lateral line incomplete;caudal fin concave;and color pattern present on body.展开更多
Viviparidae are widely distributed around the globe, but there are considerable gaps in the taxonomic record. To date, 18 species of the viviparid genus Cipangopaludina have been recorded in China, but there is substa...Viviparidae are widely distributed around the globe, but there are considerable gaps in the taxonomic record. To date, 18 species of the viviparid genus Cipangopaludina have been recorded in China, but there is substantial disagreement on the validity of this taxonomy. In this study, we described the shell and internal traits of these species to better discuss the validity of related species. We found that C. ampulliformis is synonym of C. lecythis, and C. wingatei is synonym of C. chinensis, while C. ampullacea and C. fluminalis are subspecies of C. lecythis and C. chinensis, respectively. C. dianchiensis should be paled in the genus Margarya, while C. menglaensis and C. yunnanensis belong to genus Mekongia. Totally, this leaves 11 species and 2 subspecies recorded in China. Based on whether these specimens' spiral whorl depth was longer than aperture depth, these species or subspecies can be further divided into two groups, viz. chinensis group and cathayensis group, which can be determined from one another via the ratio of spiral depth and aperture depth, vas deferens and number of secondary branches of vas deferens. Additionally, Principal Component Analysis indicated that body whorl depth, shell width, aperture width and aperture length were main variables during species of Cipangopaludina. A key to all valid Chinese Cipangopaludina species were given.展开更多
DEAR EDITOR,Theloderma pyaukkya is recorded for the first time in China based on a specimen collected from western Yunnan.Morphologically,the specimen shows good agreement with the original description of T.pyaukkya,a...DEAR EDITOR,Theloderma pyaukkya is recorded for the first time in China based on a specimen collected from western Yunnan.Morphologically,the specimen shows good agreement with the original description of T.pyaukkya,and phylogenetically is clustered with the type specimens and holotype of T.展开更多
The systematics of Semisulcospiridae in China is revised here based on morphological characters and mitochondrial phylogenetics. Phylogenetic relationships within the Chinese semisulcospirids were assessed via DNA seq...The systematics of Semisulcospiridae in China is revised here based on morphological characters and mitochondrial phylogenetics. Phylogenetic relationships within the Chinese semisulcospirids were assessed via DNA sequences from mitochondrial analysis (cytochrome c oxidase I and 16S rRNA). This research contains most morphospecies of semisulcospirids previously recorded in China. Based on these results, the family of Chinese Semisulcospiridae is represented by three genera: i.e., viviparous Semisulcospira B?ttger, 1886, oviparous Hua Chen, 1943 and Koreoleptoxis Burch and Jung, 1988. These genera can be distinguished from each other by reproductive anatomy, reproductive mode, and radula features. Species of Hua are mainly distributed in southwest China and Guangxi, whereas Koreoleptoxis and Semisulcospira are mainly distributed in south and northeast China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Fanconi–Bickel syndrome(FBS)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation of the SLC2A2 gene,which encodes glucose transporter protein 2(GLUT2).CASE SUMMARY We report a 7-mo-old girl with cytom...BACKGROUND Fanconi–Bickel syndrome(FBS)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation of the SLC2A2 gene,which encodes glucose transporter protein 2(GLUT2).CASE SUMMARY We report a 7-mo-old girl with cytomegalovirus infection presenting hepatomegaly,jaundice,liver transaminase elevation,fasting hypoglycemia,hyperglycosuria,proteinuria,hypophosphatemia,rickets,and growth retardation.After prescription of ganciclovir,the levels of bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase decreased to normal,while she still had aggravating hepatomegaly and severe hyperglycosuria.Then,whole exome sequencing was conducted and revealed a homozygous c.416delC mutation in exon 4 of SLC2A2 inherited from her parents,which was predicted to change alanine 139 to valine(p.A139Vfs*3),indicating a diagnosis of FBS.During the follow-up,the entire laboratory test returned to normal with extra supplement of vitamin D and corn starch.Her weight increased to normal range at 3 years old without hepatomegaly.However,she still had short stature.Although there was heterogeneity between phenotype and genotype,Chinese children had typical clinical manifestations.No hot spot mutation or association between severity and mutations was found,but nonsense and missense mutations were more common.Data of long-term follow-up were rare,leading to insufficient assessment of the prognosis in Chinese children.CONCLUSION FBS is a rare genetic metabolic disease causing impaired glucose liver homeostasis and proximal renal tubular dysfunction.Results of urine and blood testing suggesting abnormal glucose metabolism could be the clues for FBS in neonates and infants.Genetic sequencing is indispensable for diagnosis.Since the diversity of disease severity,early identification and long-term follow-up could help improve patients’quality of life and decrease mortality.展开更多
The origin and colonization history of Kurixalus,a genus of small arboreal tree frogs breeding exclusively in shallow swamps,is under disputed.On the basis of comprehensive sampling program,the evolutionary history of...The origin and colonization history of Kurixalus,a genus of small arboreal tree frogs breeding exclusively in shallow swamps,is under disputed.On the basis of comprehensive sampling program,the evolutionary history of Kurixalus is investigated based on 3 mitochondrial genes.Our results indicate that the genus Kurixalus originated in the Asian mainland and subsequently arrived at its current distribution in Borneo,Taiwan,Ryukyu,and Hainan islands by a series of dispersal events.Moreover,the colonization of Taiwan from mainland Asia has occurred 2 times.The initial colonization of Taiwan occurred at 3.46-8.68 Mya(95%highest posterior density),which rejects the hypothesis that Kurixalus probably originated from Taiwan during the early Oligocene and favors the model of Neogene-origin rather than the model of Quaternary-origin for Taiwan Residents Kurixalus.Kurixalus eiffingeri has dispersed from Taiwan to the Ryukyus once or 2 times pending more data.Both transoceanic dispersal and landbridge dispersal have played a role in the colonization process;the former resulted in the colonization of Taiwan and the Ryukyus and the latter led to the colonizati on of Bor neo and Hain an.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the Middle-Aged and Young Teachers’Basic Ability Promotion Project of Guangxi,China(2020KY02026)Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University)+7 种基金Ministry of Education(ERESEP2020Z22)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guangxi Normal University(19A0104)Special Funds for Young Scholars of Taxonomy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZSBR-011)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872202,NSFC 31860600,U1702233,31800454)Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y4ZK111B01)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2017GXNSFFA198010)Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department Foundation(202003AD150017,2019BC002)Sino BON-Inland Water Fish Diversity Observation Network。
文摘The loach tribe Yunnanilini from China is reviewed here using morphological characters and complete mitochondrial genomes of select species.Molecular data suggest that the tribe Yunnanilini is not monophyletic and can be divided into three clades.Species of the Yunnanilus nigromaculatus group form an independent genus and are placed in Eonemachilus.In the phylogenetic tree,Y.jinxiensis clusters with Paranemachilus genilepis,and Y.pulcherrimus clusters with Micronemacheilus cruciatus,indicating that Y.jinxiensis and Y.pulcherrimus belong to Paranemachilus and Micronemacheilus,respectively.Based on while Y.jinxiensis and Y.pulcherrimus,are placed in Paranemachilus and Micronemacheilus,respectively.Yunnanilus niulanensis and Y.qujinensis are treated as junior synonyms of Eonemachilus caohaiensis.Eonemachilus,Micronemacheilus,and Yunnanilus are show short separation between anterior and posterior nostrils.The genera can be distinguished from each other by mouth structure,lateral line and cephalic lateral-line canals,and papillae on median part of both lips.The anterior and posterior nostrils of Heminoemacheilus and Paranemachilus are closely set.Paranemachilus and Micronemacheilus are distinguished by cheeks covered with scales and lips with papillae,respectively.Our phylogenetic tree and morphological characters support Traccatichthys as a valid genus,which can be distinguished from Micronemacheilus by anterior and posterior nostrils closely set(vs.clearly separated).Four species are placed in Traccatichthys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32060114)Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)+2 种基金Ministry of Education(ERESEP2020Z22)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal EcologyGuangxi Normal University (18-A-01-08and 19-A-01-06)。
文摘DEAR EDITOR,We describe a new species of the genus Kurixalus, Kurixalus raoi sp. nov., from Guizhou Province, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence. Phylogenetically, the new species is sister to K. idiootocus, but is distinguishable from all known congeners by a combination of the following characters: small body size(snout-vent length 28.2-32.2 mm in males;38.6 mm in female);snout rounded.
基金supported by the Talent Project of Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2020RC3057)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060128)+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA24030505)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guangxi Normal University(19A0104)。
文摘DEAR EDITOR,A new loach species(Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae:Yunnanilini), Yunnanilus chuanheensis sp. nov., was caught from Chuanhe in the upper reaches of the Lixianjiang River, a tributary of the Red River in Nanjian County, Yunnan Province, China. This species is a member of the traditional Y.pleurotaenia species group based on the presence of a lateral line and cephalic lateral-line canals.
基金funded by the Middle-Aged and Young Teachers’Basic Ability Promotion Project of Guangxi,China(2020KY02026)National Project of Undergraduate on Innovation and Entrepreneurship(202110602064)+3 种基金Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University)Ministry of Education(ERESEP2020Z22)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guangxi Normal University(19A0104)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation Program(2020GXNSFAA238031)。
文摘A new species of the genus Troglonectes is described from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China.Troglonectes hechiensis sp.nov.can be easily distinguished from its congeners based on the following characters:eyes normal;whole body covered by scales except head,throat,and abdomen;lateral line incomplete;caudal fin concave;and color pattern present on body.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31301865)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(LY12C19006)the Collection and Preparation of Display Specimens at Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology(KSZD–EW–TZ–005)
文摘Viviparidae are widely distributed around the globe, but there are considerable gaps in the taxonomic record. To date, 18 species of the viviparid genus Cipangopaludina have been recorded in China, but there is substantial disagreement on the validity of this taxonomy. In this study, we described the shell and internal traits of these species to better discuss the validity of related species. We found that C. ampulliformis is synonym of C. lecythis, and C. wingatei is synonym of C. chinensis, while C. ampullacea and C. fluminalis are subspecies of C. lecythis and C. chinensis, respectively. C. dianchiensis should be paled in the genus Margarya, while C. menglaensis and C. yunnanensis belong to genus Mekongia. Totally, this leaves 11 species and 2 subspecies recorded in China. Based on whether these specimens' spiral whorl depth was longer than aperture depth, these species or subspecies can be further divided into two groups, viz. chinensis group and cathayensis group, which can be determined from one another via the ratio of spiral depth and aperture depth, vas deferens and number of secondary branches of vas deferens. Additionally, Principal Component Analysis indicated that body whorl depth, shell width, aperture width and aperture length were main variables during species of Cipangopaludina. A key to all valid Chinese Cipangopaludina species were given.
基金supported by the Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University)Ministry of Education(ERESEP2020Z22)+2 种基金Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal EcologyGuangxi Normal University(19-A-01-06)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872212)。
文摘DEAR EDITOR,Theloderma pyaukkya is recorded for the first time in China based on a specimen collected from western Yunnan.Morphologically,the specimen shows good agreement with the original description of T.pyaukkya,and phylogenetically is clustered with the type specimens and holotype of T.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31301865)Special Funds for Young Scholars of Taxonomy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZSBR-011)+3 种基金Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and Evolution of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y229YX5105)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA23080502)National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaYunnan Joint Fund(U1702233)Sino BON-Inland Water Fish Diversity Observation Network
文摘The systematics of Semisulcospiridae in China is revised here based on morphological characters and mitochondrial phylogenetics. Phylogenetic relationships within the Chinese semisulcospirids were assessed via DNA sequences from mitochondrial analysis (cytochrome c oxidase I and 16S rRNA). This research contains most morphospecies of semisulcospirids previously recorded in China. Based on these results, the family of Chinese Semisulcospiridae is represented by three genera: i.e., viviparous Semisulcospira B?ttger, 1886, oviparous Hua Chen, 1943 and Koreoleptoxis Burch and Jung, 1988. These genera can be distinguished from each other by reproductive anatomy, reproductive mode, and radula features. Species of Hua are mainly distributed in southwest China and Guangxi, whereas Koreoleptoxis and Semisulcospira are mainly distributed in south and northeast China.
文摘BACKGROUND Fanconi–Bickel syndrome(FBS)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation of the SLC2A2 gene,which encodes glucose transporter protein 2(GLUT2).CASE SUMMARY We report a 7-mo-old girl with cytomegalovirus infection presenting hepatomegaly,jaundice,liver transaminase elevation,fasting hypoglycemia,hyperglycosuria,proteinuria,hypophosphatemia,rickets,and growth retardation.After prescription of ganciclovir,the levels of bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase decreased to normal,while she still had aggravating hepatomegaly and severe hyperglycosuria.Then,whole exome sequencing was conducted and revealed a homozygous c.416delC mutation in exon 4 of SLC2A2 inherited from her parents,which was predicted to change alanine 139 to valine(p.A139Vfs*3),indicating a diagnosis of FBS.During the follow-up,the entire laboratory test returned to normal with extra supplement of vitamin D and corn starch.Her weight increased to normal range at 3 years old without hepatomegaly.However,she still had short stature.Although there was heterogeneity between phenotype and genotype,Chinese children had typical clinical manifestations.No hot spot mutation or association between severity and mutations was found,but nonsense and missense mutations were more common.Data of long-term follow-up were rare,leading to insufficient assessment of the prognosis in Chinese children.CONCLUSION FBS is a rare genetic metabolic disease causing impaired glucose liver homeostasis and proximal renal tubular dysfunction.Results of urine and blood testing suggesting abnormal glucose metabolism could be the clues for FBS in neonates and infants.Genetic sequencing is indispensable for diagnosis.Since the diversity of disease severity,early identification and long-term follow-up could help improve patients’quality of life and decrease mortality.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31301870 and 31872212)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guangxi Normal University(19-A-01-06)+1 种基金Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Eduction,China(ERESEP2020Z22)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(2015FB176).
文摘The origin and colonization history of Kurixalus,a genus of small arboreal tree frogs breeding exclusively in shallow swamps,is under disputed.On the basis of comprehensive sampling program,the evolutionary history of Kurixalus is investigated based on 3 mitochondrial genes.Our results indicate that the genus Kurixalus originated in the Asian mainland and subsequently arrived at its current distribution in Borneo,Taiwan,Ryukyu,and Hainan islands by a series of dispersal events.Moreover,the colonization of Taiwan from mainland Asia has occurred 2 times.The initial colonization of Taiwan occurred at 3.46-8.68 Mya(95%highest posterior density),which rejects the hypothesis that Kurixalus probably originated from Taiwan during the early Oligocene and favors the model of Neogene-origin rather than the model of Quaternary-origin for Taiwan Residents Kurixalus.Kurixalus eiffingeri has dispersed from Taiwan to the Ryukyus once or 2 times pending more data.Both transoceanic dispersal and landbridge dispersal have played a role in the colonization process;the former resulted in the colonization of Taiwan and the Ryukyus and the latter led to the colonizati on of Bor neo and Hain an.