Koninginins N-Q, Polyketides from the Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma koningiopsis Harbored in Panax notoginseng

Four new fungal polyketides named koninginins N-Q(1–4),together with four known analogues(5–8),were isolated from the endophytic fungus Trichoderma koningiopsis YIM PH30002 harbored in Panax notoginseng.Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral data interpretation.These compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activity,nitric oxide inhibition,and anticoagulant activity.

Clear aligner treatment for a four-year-old patient with anterior crossbite and facial asymmetry:A case report

BACKGROUND Clear aligners have been widely used to treat malocclusions from crowding,extraction cases to orthodontic-orthognathic cases,and practitioners are exploring the border of it.For the first time,clear aligners were used to early intervene anterior cross-bite and facial asymmetry.CASE SUMMARY This case report described a four-year-old child presented with anterior cross-bite and facial asymmetry associated with functional mandibular shift,who had undergone a failed treatment with conventional appliances.The total treatment time was 18 weeks,and a stable outcome was obtained.CONCLUSION The increasing need in early treatment highlights the need for clinicians to thoroughly investigate for the patient regarding clinical manifestation as well as patient compliance.We hope that our case will be contemplated by clinicians when seeking for treatment alternatives.

Antifungal alkaloids from Mahonia fortunei against pathogens of postharvest fruit

Postharvest pathogens can affect a wide range of fresh fruit and vegetables,including grapes,resulting in significant profit loss.Isoquinoline alkaloids of Mahonia fortunei,a Chinese herbal medicine,have been used to treat infectious microbes,which might be effective against postharvest pathogens.The phytochemical and bioactive investigation of this plant led to the isolation of 18 alkaloids,of which 9 compounds inhibited the growth of Botrytis cinerea and 4 compounds against Penicillium italicum.The antifungal alkaloids could change the mycelium morphology,the total lipid content,and leak the cell contents of B.cinerea.Furthermore,the two most potent antifungal alkaloids,berber-ine(13)completely inhibited effect on gray mold of table grape at 512 mg L^(−1),while jatrorrhizine(18)exhibited an inhibition rate>90%on grape rot at the same concentration,with lower cytotoxicity and residue than chlorothalonil,which suggested that ingredients of M.fortunei might be a low-toxicity,low-residue,eco-friendly botanical fungicide against postharvest pathogens.

Neopeapyran, an unusual furo[2,3b]pyran analogue and turnagainolide C from a soil Streptomyces sp. S2236

Neopeapyran（1）,an unusual furo[2,3b]pyran analogue,together with a new cyclopeptide,turnagainolide C（2）,were isolated from Streptomyces sp.S2236 associated with the rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng.The planar structure and relative configuration of neopeapyran（1） were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic techniques,while the absolute configuration was determined by TDDFT calculation.The absolute configuration of turnagainolide C（2） was determined by partial hydrolysis,together with the advanced Marfey’s method and spectroscopic analysis.The antimicrobial activities of these two compounds were also investigated.