AIM:To assess the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes(hucMSC-Exs)in a diabetic rat model by using a variety of retinal bioassays.METHODS:hucMSCs were subjected to differential ultr...AIM:To assess the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes(hucMSC-Exs)in a diabetic rat model by using a variety of retinal bioassays.METHODS:hucMSCs were subjected to differential ultracentrifugation for the collection of exosomes,and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nanoparticle tracking analysis(NTA)using a NanoSight analysis system and Western blotting(WB)were used to analyze the expression of surface marker proteins such as CD63,CD9 and Calnexin.Streptozotocin(STZ)was injected into the intraperitoneal cavity to establish a diabetic model.Rats were divided into a normal group,diabetic group and hucMSC-Ex group.Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA),optical coherence tomography(OCT)and other live imaging methods were used to observe the fundus of the rats.Finally,the eyeballs of rats from each group were collected for hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining to further analyze the retinal structure.RESULTS:Through TEM,NTA and WB,we successfully isolated hucMSC-Exs.Subsequent FFA and OCT confirmed that hucMSC-Exs effectively prevented early retinal vascular damage and thickening of the retina.Finally,HE staining of rat retinal sections revealed that exosomes effectively alleviated retinal structure disruption caused by diabetes.CONCLUSION:hucMSC-Exs have a protective effect on the retina in diabetic rat through FFA,OCT and HE staining.展开更多
AIM:To provide a detailed description of the natural history of persistent subretinal fluid(SRF)after successful repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)and its association with visual outcome.METHODS:This was...AIM:To provide a detailed description of the natural history of persistent subretinal fluid(SRF)after successful repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)and its association with visual outcome.METHODS:This was a prospective long-term follow-up for eyes undergoing scleral buckling(SB)surgery for maculaoff RRD.Examinations were carried out preoperatively and postoperatively at 1,3,6,9 and 12 mo,until persistent SRF had completely resolved.One month postoperatively,optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used to classify SRF into three patterns:bleb-like loculated(BL),shallow-diffused(SD),and multiple blebs(MB).Serial OCT imaging was used to evaluate morphological changes in SRF until its complete disappearance.Patients were divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of persistent SRF.RESULTS:A total of 59 patients(59 eyes)were included.There were no statistical differences between two groups at baseline,except for the proportion of patients with high myopia and a younger age.One month after surgery,OCT detected persistent SRF in 49 eyes(83.1%).The 3 morphological patterns of SRF were observed in 27 eyes(55.1%)with BL,13 eyes(26.5%)with SD,and 9 eyes(18.4%)with MB.The mean time for complete absorption differed significantly across the three SRF patterns(F=8.097,P=0.001),which was 8.8±6.1,20.1±12.1,and 16.7±10.2 mo in BL,SD,and MB,respectively.In 9 of the 13 eyes with SD,the pattern transformed into MB type.In cases involving MB,the size and number of blebs decreased gradually until they had been completely absorbed.Eyes with persistent SRF were more likely to demonstrate disruption of the ellipsoid zone(49.0%vs 10%,P=0.034).The final best-corrected visual acuity of two groups was 0.37±0.11(with SRF)vs 0.34±0.12(without SRF)logMAR(P=0.499),respectively.CONCLUSION:High preoperative myopia and younger age are associated with persistent SRF.BL is the most commonly observed pattern with the shortest duration and gradually disappeared.Most cases involving SD SRF transform into MB type during resolution.The size and number of the MBs decrease gradually until they were completely absorbed.The absence of persistent SRF may contribute to slow visual recovery in the short-term but does not influence the final visual outcome.展开更多
Insect additives have been shown to improve the value of artificial media for Trichogramma species, but at the same time maintain dependence on parallel cultures of host insects. In the present study, Trichogramma den...Insect additives have been shown to improve the value of artificial media for Trichogramma species, but at the same time maintain dependence on parallel cultures of host insects. In the present study, Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura was reared in vitro from egg to adult on artificial media with different contents of pupal hemolymph of Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi （Guérin-Méneville） and with supplements of distilled water, or of trehalose dissolved in water or in Grace＇s insect medium. The results indicated insect hemolymph was the key component of artificial medium. Developmental parameters, including rates of parasitism, pupation, adult emergence and normal adults, and numbers of produced adults, were increased on media supplemented with trehalose even when the proportion of pupal hemolymph was reduced. Two artificial media, the first containing 30% hemolymph and 10% trehalose in water with 98.9% parasitism rate, 77.7.0% pupation rate, 77.2% emergence rate, 80.0% normal adult rate and 333 produced adults, and the second containing 25% hemolymph and 15% trehalose in Grace＇s insect medium with 97.8% parasitism rate, 91.0% pupation rate, 85.2% emergence rate, 76.1% normal adult rate and 757 produced adults, were believed to hold potential to mass produce T. dendrolimi. The use of trehalose to partially replace pupal hemolymph in artificial medium of this and other Trichogramma species may contribute to a significant reduction in their production cost and may as such help to evade problems related to short supplies of lepidopteran eggs, which currently constitute the main factitious host for the mass rearing of the parasitoids.展开更多
Linear triblock copolymers of poly（N-isopropylacrylamide） （PNIPAM） and poly（ethylene glycol） （PEG） with two azide groups at both block junctions （PNIPAM-N3-PEG-N3-PNIPAM） are click reacted with dipropargyl o...Linear triblock copolymers of poly（N-isopropylacrylamide） （PNIPAM） and poly（ethylene glycol） （PEG） with two azide groups at both block junctions （PNIPAM-N3-PEG-N3-PNIPAM） are click reacted with dipropargyl oxalylate under high polymer concentration （250 g/L）. Benefiting from rapid feature of alkyne-azide click reaction and spatial shielding of PNIPAM end blocks, PEG center block of PNIPAM-N3-PEG-N3-PNIPAM remains separated although PNIPAM end blocks keep in contact under this high concentration. Therefore, PNIPAM-N3-PEG-N3-PNIPAM undergoes self-cyclization at block junctions to form tadpole-shaped architecture while N3-PEG-N3 without PNIPAM end blocks inter-connects linearly. The influence of block lengths of PEG and PNIPAM on the unusual cyclization under high polymer concentration is studied.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52074069, 52174314)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China (Nos. E2020501022, E2022501030)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China (Nos. N2223027, N2223009)the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department,China (Nos. ZD2021331)Performance Subsidy Fund for Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province,China (No. 22567627H)。
基金the S&T Program of Hebei(No.H2021104002)Tianjin Science and Technology Commission(No.14JCYBJC27400)+1 种基金Program of Tianjin Eye Hospital(No.YKZD1901)Science and Technology Project of Tianjin Municipal Health Bureau(No.2015KZ073)。
文摘AIM:To assess the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes(hucMSC-Exs)in a diabetic rat model by using a variety of retinal bioassays.METHODS:hucMSCs were subjected to differential ultracentrifugation for the collection of exosomes,and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nanoparticle tracking analysis(NTA)using a NanoSight analysis system and Western blotting(WB)were used to analyze the expression of surface marker proteins such as CD63,CD9 and Calnexin.Streptozotocin(STZ)was injected into the intraperitoneal cavity to establish a diabetic model.Rats were divided into a normal group,diabetic group and hucMSC-Ex group.Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA),optical coherence tomography(OCT)and other live imaging methods were used to observe the fundus of the rats.Finally,the eyeballs of rats from each group were collected for hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining to further analyze the retinal structure.RESULTS:Through TEM,NTA and WB,we successfully isolated hucMSC-Exs.Subsequent FFA and OCT confirmed that hucMSC-Exs effectively prevented early retinal vascular damage and thickening of the retina.Finally,HE staining of rat retinal sections revealed that exosomes effectively alleviated retinal structure disruption caused by diabetes.CONCLUSION:hucMSC-Exs have a protective effect on the retina in diabetic rat through FFA,OCT and HE staining.
文摘AIM:To provide a detailed description of the natural history of persistent subretinal fluid(SRF)after successful repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)and its association with visual outcome.METHODS:This was a prospective long-term follow-up for eyes undergoing scleral buckling(SB)surgery for maculaoff RRD.Examinations were carried out preoperatively and postoperatively at 1,3,6,9 and 12 mo,until persistent SRF had completely resolved.One month postoperatively,optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used to classify SRF into three patterns:bleb-like loculated(BL),shallow-diffused(SD),and multiple blebs(MB).Serial OCT imaging was used to evaluate morphological changes in SRF until its complete disappearance.Patients were divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of persistent SRF.RESULTS:A total of 59 patients(59 eyes)were included.There were no statistical differences between two groups at baseline,except for the proportion of patients with high myopia and a younger age.One month after surgery,OCT detected persistent SRF in 49 eyes(83.1%).The 3 morphological patterns of SRF were observed in 27 eyes(55.1%)with BL,13 eyes(26.5%)with SD,and 9 eyes(18.4%)with MB.The mean time for complete absorption differed significantly across the three SRF patterns(F=8.097,P=0.001),which was 8.8±6.1,20.1±12.1,and 16.7±10.2 mo in BL,SD,and MB,respectively.In 9 of the 13 eyes with SD,the pattern transformed into MB type.In cases involving MB,the size and number of blebs decreased gradually until they had been completely absorbed.Eyes with persistent SRF were more likely to demonstrate disruption of the ellipsoid zone(49.0%vs 10%,P=0.034).The final best-corrected visual acuity of two groups was 0.37±0.11(with SRF)vs 0.34±0.12(without SRF)logMAR(P=0.499),respectively.CONCLUSION:High preoperative myopia and younger age are associated with persistent SRF.BL is the most commonly observed pattern with the shortest duration and gradually disappeared.Most cases involving SD SRF transform into MB type during resolution.The size and number of the MBs decrease gradually until they were completely absorbed.The absence of persistent SRF may contribute to slow visual recovery in the short-term but does not influence the final visual outcome.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Program ＂Optimization of Artificial Diets Composition for Rearing Trichogramma and Reproduction Quality Control （Grant No.31171903）＂.
文摘Insect additives have been shown to improve the value of artificial media for Trichogramma species, but at the same time maintain dependence on parallel cultures of host insects. In the present study, Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura was reared in vitro from egg to adult on artificial media with different contents of pupal hemolymph of Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi （Guérin-Méneville） and with supplements of distilled water, or of trehalose dissolved in water or in Grace＇s insect medium. The results indicated insect hemolymph was the key component of artificial medium. Developmental parameters, including rates of parasitism, pupation, adult emergence and normal adults, and numbers of produced adults, were increased on media supplemented with trehalose even when the proportion of pupal hemolymph was reduced. Two artificial media, the first containing 30% hemolymph and 10% trehalose in water with 98.9% parasitism rate, 77.7.0% pupation rate, 77.2% emergence rate, 80.0% normal adult rate and 333 produced adults, and the second containing 25% hemolymph and 15% trehalose in Grace＇s insect medium with 97.8% parasitism rate, 91.0% pupation rate, 85.2% emergence rate, 76.1% normal adult rate and 757 produced adults, were believed to hold potential to mass produce T. dendrolimi. The use of trehalose to partially replace pupal hemolymph in artificial medium of this and other Trichogramma species may contribute to a significant reduction in their production cost and may as such help to evade problems related to short supplies of lepidopteran eggs, which currently constitute the main factitious host for the mass rearing of the parasitoids.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China (Nos. 20934005 and 21274136)
文摘Linear triblock copolymers of poly（N-isopropylacrylamide） （PNIPAM） and poly（ethylene glycol） （PEG） with two azide groups at both block junctions （PNIPAM-N3-PEG-N3-PNIPAM） are click reacted with dipropargyl oxalylate under high polymer concentration （250 g/L）. Benefiting from rapid feature of alkyne-azide click reaction and spatial shielding of PNIPAM end blocks, PEG center block of PNIPAM-N3-PEG-N3-PNIPAM remains separated although PNIPAM end blocks keep in contact under this high concentration. Therefore, PNIPAM-N3-PEG-N3-PNIPAM undergoes self-cyclization at block junctions to form tadpole-shaped architecture while N3-PEG-N3 without PNIPAM end blocks inter-connects linearly. The influence of block lengths of PEG and PNIPAM on the unusual cyclization under high polymer concentration is studied.
