GSPT1 Functions as a Tumor Promoter in Human Liver Cancer

Objective This study analyzed the role of G1 to S phase transition 1 protein(GSPT1)in promoting progression of liver cancer cells.Methods A bioinformatics database was used to analyze the expression levels of GSPT1 in liver cancer tissues and the prognosis of patients.Subsequently,Western blotting and quantitative PCR were used to verify the expression levels of GSPT1 between normal hepatocytes and hepatoma cells.We used a CRISPR/Cas9 system to construct knockouts of GSPT1 in HepG2 and HCCLM9 liver cancer cells.The effect of GSPT1 on liver cancer cell migration and invasion was analyzed using flow cytometry,migration,and tumor formation assays.Results The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma dataset indicated that GSPT1 expression was upregulated in liver cancer cell lines,and patients with liver cancer had poor prognosis.Knockout of GSPT1 in cells significantly inhibited tumor proliferation,cell migration,and growth in vivo.Conclusion In this study,we found that GSPT1 promotes the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells.

DJ-1 Alters Epirubicin-induced Apoptosis via Modulating Epirubicin-activated Autophagy in Human Gastric Cancer Cells

Epirubicin,which is a conventional chemotherapeutic drug for gastric cancer,has innate and adaptive chemoresistance.Recent studies revealed that epirubicin could induce autophagy as a defensive mechanism in drug resistance of mammary carcinoma.Another study implied that D J-1 may be a chemoresistance-related gene.But the association between D J-1 and drug resistance of epirubicin in gastric cancer is still ambiguous.In the present report,we explored whether and how D J-1 conduced to epirubicin-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer.Epirubicin dose-dependently increased the expression of DJ-1 and induced autophagy.Knockdown of DJ-1 notably enhanced epirubicin-induced cell apoptosis,whereas overexpression of DJ-1 attenuated epirubicin-induced cell apoptosis.Further studies revealed that down-regulation of DJ-1 modulated epirubicin-activated autophagy which augmented epirubicin-induced apoptosis.In conclusion,our results validated that DJ-1 reduced epirubicin-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells via modulating epirubicin-activated autophagy.

Expression of Stanniocalcin 2 in Breast Cancer and Its Clinical Sigmiicance

This study aims to explore the expression of stanniocalcin 2(STC2)gene in breast cancer and its clinical significance.Female patients with breast cancer from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University admitted during March 2014 to October 2014 were enrolled in this study.All the tissues used in this experiment included 50 cases of breast cancer tissues and corresponding 50 cases of paracancer normal breast tissues with complete patients'information.The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)was applied to detect the expression of STC2 gene in 50 cases of breast cancer and paracancer normal breast tissues.The results showed that the expression level of STC2 gene in 50 cases of breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in paracancer normal breast tissues(P<0.001).The expression of STC2 gene was correlated with lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,TNM stage and histological grade(P<0.001).The expression level of STC2 gene was significantly higher in breast cancer tissues with higher expression of Ki-67(P<0.001).The expression level of STC2 gene was significantly higher in estrogen receptor(ER)positive breast cancer tissues than in ER negative ones(P<0.001).However,different groups of age,pathological type,tumor size,PR expression and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)expression did not show significant differences in STC2 expression(P>0.05).In conclusion,the abnormal overexpression of STC2 gene may play a role in the development and progression of breast cancer,and it can be used as an independent metastasis and prognostic factor of breast cancer.In addition,STC2 gene probably promotes the development and metastasis of breast cancer by interacting with estrogen and ER,and it may become a new direction for breast cancer endocrine therapy.

Overexpression of eRF3a Promotes Cell Proliferation and Migration in Liver Cancer

Objective:The eukaryotic release factor 3a(eRF3a),a member of the eukaryotic peptide chain release factor family,is overexpressed in several types of cancer.This study aims to investigate the biological role and mechanism of eRF3a in the progression of liver cancer.

Xylanilyticolides A-C,Three New Compounds from Cultures of the Actinomycete Promicromonospora xylanilytica YIM 61515

Three new lactones,xylanilyticolides A-C(1-3),were isolated from cultures of the actinomycete Promicromonospora xylanilytica YIM 61515.Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data in conjunction with HRESIMS analysis.Compound 1 exhibited potent cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines HL-60,A-549,SMMC-7721,MCF-7 and SW480 with the IC_(50) values of 3.9,15.2,11.2,5.9,and 4.7 pM,respectively.

Establishment and characterization of a novel nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (SUNE2) from a Cantonese patient

The undifferentiated form of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common malignant head and neck cancer in South China, especially in Cantonese populations. However, few NPC cell lines have been established from the patients in this region. In this study, we established a new NPC cell line, termed SUNE2, from a Cantonese patient with undifferentiated NPC. This cell line had extremely low concentrations of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in long-term culture and expressed low levels of latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A), BamH1-A right frame 1 (BARF1), EBV-encoded RNA-1 (EBER1), and EBV-encoded RNA-2 (EBER2) in early passages. SUNE2 cells also showed much stronger transforming ability than 5-8F cells in colony formation assays and anchorage- independent growth assays in soft agar, and they only need 2 weeks to form tumors in nude mice. In summary, the SUNE2 cell line is a new in vitro model that can be used for further research on the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of NPC.

Topological Landau–Zener nanophotonic circuits

Topological edge states(TESs),arising from topologically nontrivial phases,provide a powerful toolkit for the architecture design of photonic integrated circuits,since they are highly robust and strongly localized at the boundaries of topological insulators.It is highly desirable to be able to control TES transport in photonic implementations.Enhancing the coupling between the TESs in a finite-size optical lattice is capable of exchanging light energy between the boundaries of a topological lattice,hence facilitating the flexible control of TES transport.However,existing strategies have paid little attention to enhancing the coupling effects between the TESs through the finite-size effect.Here,we establish a bridge linking the interaction between the TESs in a finite-size optical lattice using the Landau–Zener model so as to provide an alternative way to modulate/control the transport of topological modes.We experimentally demonstrate an edge-to-edge topological transport with high efficiency at telecommunication wavelengths in silicon waveguide lattices.Our results may power up various potential applications for integrated topological photonics.

Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma/Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Chromothripsis in an Old Woman

Cell karyotyping in patients with small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia （SLL/CLL） is not easy to success, and small genomic lesions （〈5 Mb） are not routinely detected by this method. It is likely that a complete genomic characterization of CLL requires a combination of fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH）, single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） array profiling for comprehensive genome-wide analysis of acquired genomic copy number aberrations （aCNAs） and loss-of-heterozygosity （LOH） in dominant clones, and karyotyping for detection of balanced translocations, isochromosomes, and marker chromosomes. SNP array analysis can reveal chromothripsis, a phenomenon by which regions of the cancer genome are shattered and recombined to generate frequent oscillations between the lower and the higher DNA copy number states. This study provided cytogenetic findings in a CLL/SLL patient with v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog （C-MYC）-amplification by FISH, in which SNP arrays detected profound genomic upheaval due to chromothripsis that may lead to malignant transformation.