Chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) is a common disease worldwide, with a prevalence rate of 5%-15% in the general population. CRS is currently classified into two types: CRS with and without nasal polyps. CRS may also be div...Chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) is a common disease worldwide, with a prevalence rate of 5%-15% in the general population. CRS is currently classified into two types: CRS with and without nasal polyps. CRS may also be divided into eosinophilic CRS(ECRS) and non-ECRS subtypes based on the presence of tissue eosinophilic infiltration or not. There are significant geographic and ethnic differences in the tissue eosinophilic infiltration, which is predominant in Western white patients and less common in East Asians, despite an increasing tendency for its prevalence in East Asia countries. ECRS differs significantly from non-ECRS in clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and strategies, and underlying pathogenic mechanisms. ECRS commonly demonstrates more severe symptoms, polyp diseases with a higher incidence of bilateral polyps and sinonasal diseases on computed tomography, and the increase in blood eosinophils. ECRS is considered a special and recalcitrant subtype of CRS, commonly with poor treatment outcomes compared to non-ECRS. The differentiation of specific subtypes and clinical features of CRS will be important for developing novel treatment strategies and improving treatment outcomes for individual phenotypes of CRS. This review discusses clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of ECRS in East Asians.展开更多
Atrial septal defect (ASD)is a common acyanotic congenital cardiac disorder associated with genetic mutations.The objective of this study was to identify the genetic factors in a Chinese family with ASD patients by a ...Atrial septal defect (ASD)is a common acyanotic congenital cardiac disorder associated with genetic mutations.The objective of this study was to identify the genetic factors in a Chinese family with ASD patients by a whole exome sequencing approach.Causative ASD gene mutations were examined in 16 members from a three-generation family,among which 6 individuals were diagnosed as having ASD.One hundred and eighty-three unrelated healthy Chinese were recruited as a normal control group.Peripheral venous blood was collected from every subject for genetic analysis.Exome sequencing was performed in the ASD patients.Potential causal mutations were detected in non-ASD family members and normal controls by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis.The results showed that all affected family members carried two novel compound mutations,c.1187delT of PCDHGA4 and c.2557insC of SLFN14,and these two mutations were considered to have synergetic function on ASD.In conclusion,the mutations of c.1187delT of PCDHGA4 and c.2557insC of SLFN14 may be pathogenic factors contributing to the development of ASD.展开更多
To the Editor:The polymyxin antibiotics colistin(polymyxin E)and polymyxin B(PMB)became available in the 1950s;thus,they did not undergo contemporary drug development procedures.Their clinical use has recently resurge...To the Editor:The polymyxin antibiotics colistin(polymyxin E)and polymyxin B(PMB)became available in the 1950s;thus,they did not undergo contemporary drug development procedures.Their clinical use has recently resurged,assuming an important role as salvage therapv for otherwise untreatable gram-negative infection.[1]Multidrug-resistant(MDR)bacterial infections are primarily caused by gram-negative bacilli(GNB),such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae^in lung transplant(LT)patients.[2]The increasing prevalence of MDR-GNB infections in LT patients has led to an upsurge in the use of these“older”drugs.During the treatment course,we should pay attention to severe and life-threatening respiratory paralysis caused by neuromuscular blockage associated with PMB.Herein,we report a rare case of a 67-year-old LT patient who suffered from respiratory arrest induced by PMB.展开更多
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma undergoes uniquely vigorous angiogenic and neovascularization processes,possibly due to proliferation of vascular endothelial cells(ECs) induced by mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells(MCCs) in thei...Mucoepidermoid carcinoma undergoes uniquely vigorous angiogenic and neovascularization processes,possibly due to proliferation of vascular endothelial cells(ECs) induced by mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells(MCCs) in their three-dimensional(3D) microenvironment.To date,no studies have dealt with tumor cells and vascular ECs from the same origin of mucoepidermoid carcinoma using the in vitro 3D microenvironment model.In this context,the current research aims to observe neovascularization with mucoepidermoid carcinoma microvascular ECs(MCMECs) conditioned by the microenvironment in the 3D collagen matrix model.We observed the growth of MCMECs purified by immunomagnetic beads and induced by MCCs,and characteristics of tubule-like structures(TLSs) formed by induced MCMECs or non-induced MCMECs.The assessment parameters involved the growth curve,the length,the outer and inner diameters,and the wall thickness of the TLSs,and the cell cycle.Results showed that MCCs induced formation of the TLSs in the 3D collagen matrix model.A statistically significant difference was noted regarding the count of TLSs between the control group and the induction group on the 4th day of culture(t=5.00,P=0.001).The outer and inner diameters(t1=5.549,P1=0.000;t2=10.663,P2=0.000) and lengths(t=18.035,P=0.000) of the TLSs in the induction group were statistically significant larger than those in the control group.The TLSs were formed at the earlier time in the induction group compared with the control group.It is concluded that MCCs promote growth and migration of MCMECs,and formation of the TLSs.The 3D collagen matrix model with MCMECs induced by MCCs in the current research may be a favorable choice for research on pro-angiogenic factors in progression of mucoepidermoid carcinoma.展开更多
文摘Chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) is a common disease worldwide, with a prevalence rate of 5%-15% in the general population. CRS is currently classified into two types: CRS with and without nasal polyps. CRS may also be divided into eosinophilic CRS(ECRS) and non-ECRS subtypes based on the presence of tissue eosinophilic infiltration or not. There are significant geographic and ethnic differences in the tissue eosinophilic infiltration, which is predominant in Western white patients and less common in East Asians, despite an increasing tendency for its prevalence in East Asia countries. ECRS differs significantly from non-ECRS in clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and strategies, and underlying pathogenic mechanisms. ECRS commonly demonstrates more severe symptoms, polyp diseases with a higher incidence of bilateral polyps and sinonasal diseases on computed tomography, and the increase in blood eosinophils. ECRS is considered a special and recalcitrant subtype of CRS, commonly with poor treatment outcomes compared to non-ECRS. The differentiation of specific subtypes and clinical features of CRS will be important for developing novel treatment strategies and improving treatment outcomes for individual phenotypes of CRS. This review discusses clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of ECRS in East Asians.
基金Projects(51501028,51471042,51375070)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Fundamental Research Funds of the Central Universities,China
文摘Atrial septal defect (ASD)is a common acyanotic congenital cardiac disorder associated with genetic mutations.The objective of this study was to identify the genetic factors in a Chinese family with ASD patients by a whole exome sequencing approach.Causative ASD gene mutations were examined in 16 members from a three-generation family,among which 6 individuals were diagnosed as having ASD.One hundred and eighty-three unrelated healthy Chinese were recruited as a normal control group.Peripheral venous blood was collected from every subject for genetic analysis.Exome sequencing was performed in the ASD patients.Potential causal mutations were detected in non-ASD family members and normal controls by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis.The results showed that all affected family members carried two novel compound mutations,c.1187delT of PCDHGA4 and c.2557insC of SLFN14,and these two mutations were considered to have synergetic function on ASD.In conclusion,the mutations of c.1187delT of PCDHGA4 and c.2557insC of SLFN14 may be pathogenic factors contributing to the development of ASD.
基金This work was supported by the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(No.2019PT320020).
文摘To the Editor:The polymyxin antibiotics colistin(polymyxin E)and polymyxin B(PMB)became available in the 1950s;thus,they did not undergo contemporary drug development procedures.Their clinical use has recently resurged,assuming an important role as salvage therapv for otherwise untreatable gram-negative infection.[1]Multidrug-resistant(MDR)bacterial infections are primarily caused by gram-negative bacilli(GNB),such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae^in lung transplant(LT)patients.[2]The increasing prevalence of MDR-GNB infections in LT patients has led to an upsurge in the use of these“older”drugs.During the treatment course,we should pay attention to severe and life-threatening respiratory paralysis caused by neuromuscular blockage associated with PMB.Herein,we report a rare case of a 67-year-old LT patient who suffered from respiratory arrest induced by PMB.
基金Project (No. 0040305401042) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Mucoepidermoid carcinoma undergoes uniquely vigorous angiogenic and neovascularization processes,possibly due to proliferation of vascular endothelial cells(ECs) induced by mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells(MCCs) in their three-dimensional(3D) microenvironment.To date,no studies have dealt with tumor cells and vascular ECs from the same origin of mucoepidermoid carcinoma using the in vitro 3D microenvironment model.In this context,the current research aims to observe neovascularization with mucoepidermoid carcinoma microvascular ECs(MCMECs) conditioned by the microenvironment in the 3D collagen matrix model.We observed the growth of MCMECs purified by immunomagnetic beads and induced by MCCs,and characteristics of tubule-like structures(TLSs) formed by induced MCMECs or non-induced MCMECs.The assessment parameters involved the growth curve,the length,the outer and inner diameters,and the wall thickness of the TLSs,and the cell cycle.Results showed that MCCs induced formation of the TLSs in the 3D collagen matrix model.A statistically significant difference was noted regarding the count of TLSs between the control group and the induction group on the 4th day of culture(t=5.00,P=0.001).The outer and inner diameters(t1=5.549,P1=0.000;t2=10.663,P2=0.000) and lengths(t=18.035,P=0.000) of the TLSs in the induction group were statistically significant larger than those in the control group.The TLSs were formed at the earlier time in the induction group compared with the control group.It is concluded that MCCs promote growth and migration of MCMECs,and formation of the TLSs.The 3D collagen matrix model with MCMECs induced by MCCs in the current research may be a favorable choice for research on pro-angiogenic factors in progression of mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
