Groundwater recharge via precipitation in the Badain Jaran Desert,China

Precipitation infiltration serves as a significant source of groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert.To investigate variations in precipitation infiltration within the desert,this study collected data on moisture content and temperature from the vadose zone through in-situ field monitoring.Utilizing these data,a numerical model is employed to explore the mechanism of groundwater recharge via precipitation.The results are as follows:(1)Moisture content and temperature in the shallow vadose zone exhibit significant seasonal variations,with moisture content diminishing with increasing depth;(2)Groundwater recharge via precipitation infiltration initially increases and then decreases with groundwater level depth(GWD).Peak groundwater recharge via precipitation occurs at a GWD of 0.75 m,decreasing to merely 0.012 cm at GWDs exceeding 2 m;(3)Groundwater is no longer susceptible to phreatic water evaporation when the GWD reaches approximately 3.7 m.Therefore,GWD plays a crucial role in governing groundwater recharge via precipitation in the Badain Jaran Desert.

Advancing the understanding and management of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm:Insights from recent case studies

We specifically discuss the mechanisms of the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and management of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm(BPDCN),a rare but aggressive haematologic malignancy characterized by frequent skin manifestations and systemic dissemination.The article enriches our understanding of BPDCN through detailed case reports showing the clinical,immunophenotypic,and histopathological features that are critical for diagnosing this disease.These cases highlight the essential role of pathologists in employing advanced immunophenotyping techniques to accurately identify the disease early in its course and guide treatment decisions.Furthermore,we explore the implications of these findings for management strategies,emphasizing the use of targeted therapies such as tagraxofusp and the potential of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in achieving remission.The editorial underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in managing BPDCN,pointing towards a future where precision medicine could significantly improve patient outcomes.

Preoperative albumin-bilirubin score predicts short-term outcomes and long-term prognosis in colorectal cancer patients undergoing radical surgery

BACKGROUND The albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score is a serum biochemical indicator of liver function and has been proven to have prognostic value in a variety of cancers.In colorectal cancer(CRC),a high ALBI score tends to be associated with poorer survival.AIM To investigate the correlation between the preoperative ALBI score and outcomes in CRC patients who underwent radical surgery.METHODS Patients who underwent radical CRC surgery between January 2011 and January 2020 at a single clinical center were included.The ALBI score was calculated by the formula(log10 bilirubin×0.66)+(albumin×-0.085),and the cutoff value for grouping patients was-2.8.The short-term outcomes,overall survival(OS),and disease-free survival(DFS)were calculated.RESULTS A total of 4025 CRC patients who underwent radical surgery were enrolled in this study,and there were 1908 patients in the low ALBI group and 2117 patients in the high ALBI group.Cox regression analysis revealed that age,tumor size,tumor stage,ALBI score,and overall complications were independent risk factors for OS;age,tumor stage,ALBI score,and overall complications were identified as independent risk factors for DFS.CONCLUSION A high preoperative ALBI score is correlated with adverse short-term outcomes,and the ALBI score is an independent risk factor for OS and DFS in patients with CRC undergoing radical surgery.

Prognostic prediction model of colorectal cancer based on preoperative serum tumor markers

BACKGROUND Preoperative serum tumor markers not only play a role in the auxiliary diagnosis and postoperative monitoring in colorectal cancer(CRC),but also have been found to have potential prognostic value.AIM To analyze whether preoperative serum tumor markers,including carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9),affect the prognosis of CRC.METHODS This was a retrospective study conducted in a single center.Patients with nonmetastatic CRC who underwent initial surgery between January 2011 and January 2020 were enrolled and divided into development site and validation site groups at a ratio of 7:3.The independent prognostic factors were screened by Cox regression analysis,and finally,a prognostic nomogram model was established.The newly developed model was tested by internal validation.RESULTS Eventually,3526 postoperative patients with nonmetastatic CRC were included in the study.There were 2473 patients at the development site and 1056 patients at the validation site.Age(P<0.01,HR=1.042,95%CI=1.033-1.051),tumor node metastasis(TNM)classification(P<0.01,HR=1.938,95%CI=1.665-2.255),preoperative CEA(P=0.001,HR=1.393,95%CI=1.137-1.707)and CA19-9(P<0.01,HR=1.948,95%CI=1.614-2.438)levels were considered independent prognostic factors for patients with nonmetastatic CRC and were used as variables in the nomogram model.The areas under the curve of the development and validation sites were 0.655 and 0.658,respectively.The calibration plot also showed the significant performance of the newly established nomogram.CONCLUSION We successfully constructed a nomogram model based on age,TNM stage,preoperative CEA,and CA19-9 levels to evaluate the overall survival of patients with nonmetastatic CRC.

Variations in evaporation from water surfaces along the margins of the Badain Jaran Desert over nearly 60 years and influencing factors

Based on meteorological data collected over nearly 60 years(1960-2017)from four national meteorological stations along the margins of the Badain Jaran Desert,this study analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in evaporation from water surfaces and identified the dominant controlling factors.Methods used included linear trend analysis,linear tendency estimation,the departure method,the rank correlation coefficient-based method,and Multiple Linear Regression(MLR).Results indicate notable spatiotemporal differences in evaporation distribution and evolution.Spatially,average annual evaporation exhibited a pronounced altitude effect,decreasing at a rate of about 8.23 mm/m from east to west with increasing altitude.Temporally,annual evaporation showed significant upward trends after 1996 at the northeastern(Guaizi Lake)and western(Dingxin)margins,with rates of 132 mm/10a and 105 mm/10a,respectively.Conversely,along the northwestern(Ejina Banner)and southern(Alxa Right Banner)margins of the desert,an evaporation paradox was observed,with annual evaporation trending downward at rates of 162 mm/10a and 187 mm/10a,respectively,especially after 1987.The dominant factors controlling evaporation varied spatially:Average annual temperature and relative humidity influended the western margin(Dingxin),average annual temperature was the key factor for the northeastern margin(Guaizi Lake),and average wind speed was crucial for the northern(Ejina Banner)and southern(Alxa Right Banner)margins.

A new peptide,VD11,promotes structural and functional recovery after spinal cord injury

The regenerative capacity of the central nervous system is very limited and few effective treatments are currently available for spinal cord injury.It is therefore a priority to develop new drugs that can promote structural and functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Previous studies have shown that peptides can promote substantial repair and regeneration of injured tissue.While amphibians have a pronounced ability to regenerate the spinal cord,few studies have investigated the effect of amphibian spinal cord-derived peptides on spinal cord injury.Here we report for the first time the successful identification and isolation of a new polypeptide,VD11(amino acid sequence:VDELWPPWLPC),from the spinal cord of an endemic Chinese amphibian(Odorrana schmackeri).In vitro experiments showed that VD11 promoted the secretion of nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in BV2 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide,as well as the proliferation and synaptic elongation of PC12 cells subjected to hypoxia.In vivo experiments showed that intravertebral injection of VD11 markedly promoted recovery of motor function in rats with spinal cord injury,alleviated pathological damage,and promoted axonal regeneration.Furthermore,RNA sequencing and western blotting showed that VD11 may affect spinal cord injury through activation of the AMPK and AKT signaling pathways.In summary,we discovered a novel amphibian-derived peptide that promotes structural and functional recovery after spinal cord injury.

A novel aged mouse model of recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage in the bilateral striatum

The current animal models of stroke primarily model a single intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)attack,and there is a lack of a reliable model of recurrent ICH.In this study,we established 16-month-old C57 B L/6 male mouse models of ICH by injecting collagenaseⅦ-S into the left striatum.Twenty-one days later,we injected collagenaseⅦ-S into the right striatum to simulate recurrent ICH.Our results showed that mice subjected to bilateral striatal hemorrhage had poorer neurological function at the early stage of hemorrhage,delayed recovery in locomotor function,motor coordination,and movement speed,and more obvious emotional and cognitive dysfunction than mice subjected to unilate ral striatal hemorrhage.These findings indicate that mouse models of bilateral striatal hemorrhage can well simulate clinically common recurrent ICH.These models should be used as a novel tool for investigating the pathogenesis and treatment targets of recurrent ICH.

Non-coding RNAs:The potential biomarker or therapeutic target in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury(HIRI)is the major complication of liver surgery and liver transplantation,that may increase the postoperative morbidity,mortality,tumor progression,and metastasis.The underlying mechanisms have been extensively investigated in recent years.Among these,oxidative stress,inflammatory responses,immunoreactions,and cell death are the most studied.Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)are defined as the RNAs that do not encode proteins,but can regulate gene expressions.In recent years,ncRNAs have emerged as research hotspots for various diseases.During the progression of HIRI,ncRNAs are differentially expressed,while these dysregulations of ncRNAs,in turn,have been verified to be related to the above pathological processes involved in HIRI.ncRNAs mainly contain microRNAs,long ncRNAs,and circular RNAs,some of which have been reported as biomarkers for early diagnosis or assessment of liver damage severity,and as therapeutic targets to attenuate HIRI.Here,we briefly summarize the common pathophysiology of HIRI,describe the current knowledge of ncRNAs involved in HIRI in animal and human studies,and discuss the potential of ncRNA-targeted therapeutic strategies.Given the scarcity of clinical trials,there is still a long way to go from pre-clinical to clinical application,and further studies are needed to uncover their potential as therapeutic targets.

胃镜下重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素喷洒与注射治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血的疗效比较

目的探讨和比较胃镜下重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素喷洒与注射治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血(ANVUGIB)的临床疗效。方法选取2015年12月-2017年11月该院收治的92例ANVUGIB患者作为临床研究对象,采用随机数字表法,将入选患者随机分为观察组47例和对照组45例。观察组患者给予胃镜下重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素注射的临床药物治疗,对照组患者则给予胃镜下重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素喷洒的临床药物治疗,并分别对两组患者的临床治疗情况、临床指标变化情况和不良反应发生情况进行比较和分析。结果与对照组患者相比,观察组患者临床治疗的显效率57.45%(27/47)和总有效率91.49%(43/47)均明显提高,而无效率8.51%(4/47)则明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组患者止血成功率91.49%(43/47)明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),同时再出血率6.38%(3/47)和急诊手术率2.13%(1/47)则均有所降低,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者腹部不适、大便频繁、胀气和血压不稳等不良反应总发生率10.65%(5/47)明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论胃镜下重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素注射治疗ANVUGIB较喷洒给药疗效更为确切,且预后效果好,并发症少。

Jianpi Qingchang decoction regulates intestinal motility of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis through reducing autophagy of interstitial cells of Cajal

AIM To investigate the underlying effect of Jianpi Qingchang decoction(JQD) regulating intestinal motility of dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, the DSS group, the JQD group, and the 5-aminosalicylic acid group. Except for the control group, colitis was induced in other groups by giving distilled water containing 5% DSS. Seven days after modeling, the mice were administered corresponding drugs intragastrically. The mice were sacrificed on the 15^(th) day. The disease activity index, macroscopic and histopathologic lesions, and ultrastructure of colon interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC) were observed. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-10 and interferon gamma(IFN-γ), the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) p65, c-kit, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3-Ⅱ) and Beclin-l m RNA, and the colonic smooth muscle tension were assessed. RESULTS Acute inflammation occurred in the mice administered DSS. Compared with the control group, the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10 and IFN-γ, the expression of LC3-Ⅱ, Beclin-1 and NF-κB p65 m RNA, and the contractile frequency increased(P < 0.05), the expression of c-kit m RNA and the colonic smooth muscle contractile amplitude decreased in the DSS group(P < 0.05). Compared with the DSS group, the levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ, the expression of c-kit m RNA, and the colonic smooth muscle contractile amplitude increased(P < 0.05), the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, the expression of LC3-Ⅱ, Beclin-1 and NF-κB p65 m RNA, and the contractile frequency decreased in the JQD group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION JQD can regulate the intestinal motility of DSS-induced colitis in mice through suppressing intestinal inflammatory cascade reaction, reducing autophagy of ICC, and regulating the network path of ICC/smooth muscle cells.

Associations between interleukin-1 polymorphisms and gastric cancers among three ethnicities

AIM:To investigate the associations between interleukin(IL)-1B and IL-1RN polymorphisms and gastric cancers among the Tibet,Hui and Han ethnicities.METHODS:Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 210,205,and 202 healthy volunteers and from 155,158,and 197 gastric cancer patients from the Tibet,Hui,and Han populations,respectively.Polymorphisms in IL-1B and IL-1RN were analyzed by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography.RESULTS:Carriers of the IL-1B-31 CC genotype had an increased risk of intestinal type gastric cancer [odds ratio(OR) = 2.17,P = 0.037] in the Tibet ethnicity.Carriers of the IL-1B 2/L genotype had an increased risk of both intestinal and diffuse types of gastric cancer(OR = 2.08,2.31,P = 0.007,0.016,respectively) in the Hui ethnicity.In the Han population,carriers of the IL-1B-31 CC,IL-1B-511CT,TT genotypes had increased risk of intestinal type gastric cancer(OR = 2.51,2.74,5.66,P = 0.005,0.002,0.000,respectively).CONCLUSION:IL-1B and IL-RN genotypes may differentially contribute to gastric cancer among the Tibet,Hui,and Han ethnicities in the Qinghai area of China.

Efficacy of Different Iron Fortificants in Wheat Flour in Controlling Iron Deficiency

Objective To observe the different impacts of electrolytic iron, FeSO4, and NaFeEDTA on body iron store of anemic school students. Methods Four hundreds anemic students at the age of 11-18 years were divided into four groups. Of which, three consumed different iron fortificants from wheat flour as food vehicle for six months and one consumed non-fortified flour （control）. The fortification level of electrolytic iron, FeSO4, and NaFeEDTA was 60 mg Fe/kg, 30 mg Fe/kg, and 20 mg Fe/kg, respectively. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, and 6 months and hemoglobin （Hb）, serum ferritin （SF）, and transferrin receptor （TfR） were measured. Results The hemoglobin levels in three intervention groups increased, the increments of Hb in the NaFeEDTA group were significantly higher than that in the other groups. SF and TfR levels increased in the tested groups and body iron store in the NaFeEDTA group was higher than that in the other groups. These parameters did not show any significant changes in the control group. Conclusion NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 tortified wheat flour has positive impacts on iron status in anemic students and NaFeEDTA is more effective than FeSO4, while electrolytic iron is less effective in improving iron store in anemic students.

Cocultivation of umbilical cord blood CD34^+ cells with retro-transduced hMSCs leads to effective amplification of long-term culture-initiating cells

AIM： To establish a novel coculture system for ex vivo expansion of umbilical cord blood（UCB） hematopoietic progenitors using thrombopoietin （TPO）/FIt-3 ligand （FL）-transduced human marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （tfhMSCs） as feeder. METHODS： UCB CD34^＋ cells were isolated and cultured using four culture systems in serum-containing or serumfree medium. Suitable aliquots of cultured cells were used to monitor cell production, clonogenic activity, and long-term culture-initiating culture （LTC-IC） output. Finally, the severe-combined immunodeficient （SCID） mouse-repopulating cell （SRC） assay was performed to confirm ability of the cultured cells to reconstitute longterm hematopoiesis. RESULTS： There were no significant differences in the number of total nudeated cells among different culture systems in serum-containing medium during 21-d culture. However, on d 14, the outputs of CD34^＋ cells, CFU-C and CFU-GEMM in tfhMSCs coculture system were significantly enhanced. LTC-IC assay demonstrated that the tfhMSCs coculture system had the most powerful activity. The severe-combined immunodeficient （SCID） mouse repopulating cell （SRC） assay confirmed extensive ability of the expanded cells to reconstitute long-term hematopoiesis. Furthermore, PCR analysis demonstrated the presence of human hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood cells of NOD/SCID mice.CONCLUSION： The TPO/FL-transduced hMSCs, in combination with additive cytokines, can effectively expand hematopoietic progenitors from UCB in vitro and the tfhMSCs coculture system may be a suitable system for ex vivo manipulation of primitive progenitor cells under contact culture conditions.

Flow injection chemiluminescence determination of loxoprofen and naproxen with the acidic permanganate-sulfite system

A novel flow injection chemiluminescence（CL）method for the determination of loxoprofen and naproxen was proposed based on the CL system of KMnO4 and Na2SO3 in acid media.The CL intensity of KMnO4-Na2SO3 was greatly enhanced in the presence of loxoprofen and naproxen.The mechanism of the CL reaction was studied by the kinetic process and UV-vis absorption and the conditions were optimized.Under optimized conditions,the CL intensity was linear with loxoprofen and naproxen concentration in the range of 7.0×10^-8-1.0×10^-5g/mL and 2.0×10^-7-4.0×10^-6g/mL with the detection limit of 2.0×10-8g/mL and 3.0×10-8g/mL（S/N=3）,respectively.The relative standard deviations were 2.39% and 1.37% for 5.0×10^-7g/mL naproxen and 5.0×10^-7g/mL loxoprofen（n=10）,respectively.The proposed method was satisfactorily applied to the determination of loxoprofen and naproxen in pharmaceutical preparations.

Groundwater characteristics and climate and ecological evolution in the Badain Jaran Desert in the southwest Mongolian Plateau

The Badain Jaran Desert is the third largest desert in China,covering an area of 50000 km2.It lies in Northwest China,where the arid and rainless natural environment has a great impact on the climate,environment,and human living conditions.Based on the results of 1∶250000 regional hydrogeological surveys and previous researches,this study systematically investigates the circulation characteristics and resource properties of the groundwater as well as the evolution of the climate and ecological environment since the Quaternary in the Badain Jaran Desert by means of geophysical exploration,hydrogeological drilling,hydrogeochemistry,and isotopic tracing.The results are as follows.(1)The groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert is mainly recharged through the infiltration of local precipitation and has poor renewability.The groundwater recharge in the desert was calculated to be 1.8684×10^(8)m^(3)/a using the water balance method.(2)The Badain Jaran Desert has experienced four humid stages since the Quaternary,namely MIS 13-15,MIS 5,MIS 3,and the Early‒Middle Holocene,but the climate in the desert has shown a trend towards aridity overall.The average annual temperature in the Badain Jaran Desert has significantly increased in the past 50 years.In detail,it has increased by about 2.5℃,with a higher rate in the south than in the north.Meanwhile,the precipitation amount has shown high spatial variability and the climate has shown a warming-drying trend in the past 50 years.(3)The lakes in the hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert continuously shrank during 1973‒2015.However,the vegetation communities maintained a highly natural distribution during 2000‒2016,with the vegetation cover has increased overall.Accordingly,the Badain Jaran Desert did not show any notable expansion in that period.This study deepens the understanding of groundwater circulation and the climate and ecological evolution in the Badain Jaran Desert.It will provide a scientific basis for the rational exploitation of the groundwater resources and the ecological protection and restoration in the Badain Jaran Desert.

Primary breast cancer patient with poliomyelitis:A case report

BACKGROUND Poliomyelitis is an acute infection caused by an enterovirus,which primarily infects the human gastrointestinal tract.In general,patients with polio have no association with the occurrence of cancer.The present case study presents a rare case of poliomyelitis combined with primary breast cancer.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old woman who was diagnosed with poliomyelitis at 5 years old and confirmed invasive breast cancer by core needle biopsy(CNB)after hospitalization.The patient received a modified radical mastectomy and four cycles of chemotherapy with the TC(docetaxel and cyclophosphamide)regimen.The patient was also prescribed endocrine therapy without radiotherapy after chemotherapy.The patient had no evidence of lymphedema in the right upper extremities and no evidence of either regression or distant metastasis at the 1-year follow-up.CONCLUSION The pectoral muscles of patients with polio are easily damaged in traumatic procedures,such as CNB,local anesthesia for tumor excision,and general anesthesia for surgery.A CNB,modified radical mastectomy,and four cycles of TC chemotherapy were successfully completed for the present case and the adverse reactions were found to be tolerable.This case may indicate the relationship between breast cancer and polio,and the examination and treatment methods used could be used as a guide for similar cases in the future.

Wide-Temperature-Range Dielectric Permittivity Measurement under High Pressure

Two measurement systems are developed for in-situ dielectric property measurement under high pressure in a wide-temperature range from 77K to 1273 K. The high-temperature system ranging from room temperature up to 1273K is equipped with a hexahedron anvils press, while the low-temperature system ranging from liquid nitrogen temperature to normal condition is equipped using the piston cylinder setup with a specially designed sample chamber. Using these configurations, the dielectric property measurement of ferroelectrie BaTiO3 and multiferroie Tm0.5Gd0.5MnO3 compounds are demonstrated, which proves the validity of the systems through the tuning of the polarization and phase transition boundary by high pressure. These two systems will be equally applicable to a wide variety of electronic and transport property measurements of insulators, semiconductors, as well as battery materials.

Single-cell RNA-sequencing combined with bulk RNA-sequencing analysis of peripheral blood reveals the characteristics and key immune cell genes of ulcerative colitis

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a complicated disease caused by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors that affects mucosal homeostasis and triggers an inappropriate immune response.Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)can be used to rapidly obtain the precise gene expression patterns of thousands of cells in the intestine,analyze the characteristics of cells with the same phenotype,and provide new insights into the growth and development of intestinal organs,the clonal evolution of cells,and immune cell changes.These findings can provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal diseases.To identify clinical phenotypes and biomarkers that can predict the response of UC patients to specific therapeutic drugs and thus aid the diagnosis and treatment of UC.METHODS Using the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,we analyzed peripheral blood cell subtypes of patients with UC by scRNA-seq combined with bulk RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to reveal the core genes of UC.We then combined weighted gene correlation network analysis(WGCNA)and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)analysis to reveal diagnostic markers of UC.RESULTS After processing the scRNA-seq data,we obtained data from approximately 24340 cells and identified 17 cell types.Through intercellular communication analysis,we selected monocyte marker genes as the candidate gene set for the prediction model.Construction of a WGCNA coexpression network identified RhoB,cathepsin D(CTSD)and zyxin(ZYX)as core genes.Immune infiltration analysis showed that these three core genes were strongly correlated with immune cells.Functional enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were closely related to immune and inflammatory responses,which are associated with many challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of UC.CONCLUSION Through scRNA-seq analysis,LASSO diagnostic model building and WGCNA,we identified RhoB,CTSD and ZYX as core genes of UC that are closely related to monocyte infiltration that may serve as diagnostic markers and molecular targets for UC therapeutic intervention.

Structure-Spin-Transport Anomaly in Quasi-One-Dimensional Ba9Fe3Te15 under High Pressure

Recently,a series of novel compounds Ba3MX5(M=Fe,Ti,V;X=Se,Te)with hexagonal crystal structures composed of quasi-1-dimensional(1D)magnetic chains has been synthesized by our research team using high-pressure and high-temperature methods.The initial hexagonal phases persist to the maximum achievable pressure,while spin configurations and magnetic interactions may change dramatically as a result of considerable reductions in interchain separations upon pressurization.These compounds therefore offer unique possibilities for studying the evolution of intrinsic electronic structures in quasi-1D magnetic systems.Here we present a systematic investigation of Ba9Fe3Te15,in which the interchain separations between trimerized 1D chains(~10.2Å)can be effectively modulated by external high pressure.The crystal structure especially along the 1D chains exhibits an abnormal expansion at^GPa,which accompanies trimerization entangled anomalous mixed-high-low spin transition.An insulator-metal transition has been observed under high pressure as a result of charge-transfer gap closing.Pressure-induced superconductivity emerges at 26 GPa,where the charge-transfer gap fully closes,3D electronic configuration forms and local spin fully collapses.

Inhibitory effect of M3 receptor antagonist 4-DAMP on melanoma proliferation of A375 cell line

Objective: he effect of M3 receptor antagonist 4-DAMP (4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine-methiodide) on the proliferation of melanoma were explored, and the development prospect and significance of M3 receptor antagonist in the field of anti-tumor were discussed. Methods: The viability of tumor cells was detected by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide) colorimetry. The optimal concentration of 4-DAMP was screened and the effect of the drug was confirmed by EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine) fluorescence staining. Adult male BALB/c nude mice were divided into control group, 5-Fu (5-Fluorouracil, 5-Fluorouracil, 20 mg/kg/d) group and 4-DAMP (2 mg/kg/d) group to establishtumor-bearing model in vivo. The tumor volume curve was calculated and plotted. Mice were killed after 21 days of continuous administration. Strip the tumor, take pictures and meatured the weighs, and calculate the inhibition rate. [1]The spleen was weighed and the spleen index was culculated. H & E staining was used to observe the pathological changes of tumor sections. The gene expression of M3R、MIA (Melanoma inhibitory activity, MIA)、SP-1 (Transcription factor Sp1, SP-1) and Lnc-SPRY4-IT1 (SPRY4 Intronic Transcript 1,Lnc-SPRY4-IT1) in A375 cell line was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, qRT-PCR). The protein level of ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2,ERK1/2) was detected by Western Blot. Results: 4-DAMP could significantly inhibit the activity of A375 cell line (P < 0.01), and EdU staining demonstrated that 4-DAMP inhibited the growth of A375 cell line. The results of animal experiments showed that compared with the control group, the volume and mass of tumor in 5-Fu group and 4-DAMP group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) and H & E staining showed that the intercellular space became larger, connective tissue increased, and tumor growth was obstructed. Compared with the control group, the tumor inhibition rate of 4-DAMP group was 72.01% (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in body mass and spleen index. Compared with the control group, the expression of MIA, SP-1 and LncRNA-SPRY4-IT1 was decreased by 4-DAMP or si-M3R transfection. Compared with the control group, the expression of ERK1/2 was decreased by 4-DAMP or si-M3R transfection. Conclusions: These results suggest that M3 receptor antagonist 4-DAMP can inhibit the proliferation of melanoma and reduce the expression of mRNA of MIA, SP-1 and LncRNA-SPRY4-IT1 and the protein level of ERK1/2 in A375 tumor cells.