Aspirin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting platelet activity

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common malignant liver disease in the world.Platelets(PLTs)are known to play a key role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis and the pathophysiological processes of a variety of liver diseases.Aspirin is the most classic antiplatelet agent.However,the molecular mechanism of platelet action and whether aspirin can affect HCC progression by inhibiting platelet activity need further study.AIM To explore the impact of the antiplatelet effect of aspirin on the development of HCC.METHODS Platelet-rich plasma,platelet plasma,pure platelet,and platelet lysate were prepared,and a coculture model of PLTs and HCC cells was established.CCK-8 analysis,apoptosis analysis,Transwell analysis,and real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)were used to analyze the effects of PLTs on the growth,metastasis,and inflammatory microenvironment of HCC.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effects of platelet activation on tumor-related signaling pathways.Aspirin was used to block the activation and aggregation of PLTs both in vitro and in vivo,and the effect of PLTs on the progression of HCC RESULTS PLTs significantly promoted the growth,invasion,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,and formation of an inflammatory microenvironment in HCC cells.Activated PLTs promoted HCC progression by activating the mitogenactivated protein kinase/protein kinase B/signal transducer and activator of transcription three(MAPK/AKT/STAT3)signaling axis.Additionally,aspirin inhibited HCC progression in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting platelet activation.CONCLUSION PLTs play an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC,and aspirin can affect HCC progression by inhibiting platelet activity.These results suggest that antiplatelet therapy has promising application prospects in the treatment and combined treatment of HCC.

抗VEGF联合Ahmed引流阀治疗NVG术中是否联合超乳的对比观察

目的:观察抗VEGF联合Ahmed引流阀植入术中白内障超声乳化与非超乳治疗合并白内障的新生血管性青光眼(NVG)的疗效。方法:回顾分析我院诊断为NVG合并白内障的患者47例47眼,术前均行抗VEGF玻璃体积内注射,其中19眼行白内障超声乳化吸除术联合Ahmed引流阀植入术(联合组),28眼行单纯Ahmed引流阀植入术(单阀组),术后观察视力、眼压和用药情况,并随访6mo以上。结果:NVG患者47眼中,术后各时间点眼压均较术前显著降低(P<0.05)。随访至6mo时,联合组患者视力提高者10眼(53%),不变者8眼(42%),降低者1眼(5%);手术完全成功率为84%(16/19),条件成功率11%(2/19),失败5%(1/19);单阀组患者视力提高者11眼(39%),不变者17眼(61%),降低者0例,手术完全成功率为61%(17/28),条件成功率25%(7/28),失败14%(4/28)。结论:抗VEGF和单纯Ahmed引流阀植入术联合白内障超声乳化摘除手术既能有效控制术后眼压,又尽可能提高患者视力,减少术后青光眼药物使用量,便于随诊眼底,是治疗NVG的有效方法。

实测与理论瞳孔直径下全角膜与前角膜总高阶像差的比较

目的:观察不同年龄段人群在4.0mm与实测瞳孔直径下全角膜和前角膜总高阶像差(HOA)的差异。方法:横断面研究。检测2019-03-31/05-31于我院就诊的100例受试者在2.0~7.0mm瞳孔直径下全角膜和前角膜总HOA及拟明环境下瞳孔直径,通过数学拟合曲线计算出该直径下全角膜和前角膜的总HOA值(实测HOA),分别比较实测与4.0mm瞳孔直径下HOA(理论HOA)全角膜与前角膜HOA之间的差异。结果:实测瞳孔直径与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.587,P<0.001)。全角膜和前角膜实测HOA与年龄均呈负相关(r=-0.191,P=0.002;r=-0.181,P=0.004),全角膜理论HOA则与年龄呈正相关(r=0.282,P<0.001)。在40~49、60~69、70~79岁组,全角膜和前角膜实测HOA均小于对应理论HOA(P<0.05)。同样在以上年龄段,实测全角膜HOA显著高于实测前角膜HOA(P<0.05);在20~29岁理论全角膜HOA显著低于理论前角膜HOA(P=0.006),在60~69岁组,结果则相反(P=0.039)。老年人群(60~69,70~79岁组)中实测全角膜HOA≥0.3μm占比显著低于理论全角膜HOA(χ^2=4.300,P=0.038)。结论:老年人群实测全角膜和前角膜HOA均显著低于对应理论HOA,这与老年人群实际平均瞳孔直径偏小有关。所测前角膜HOA不能完全代替全角膜HOA。以实测全角膜HOA为依据将有更多老年患者在选择植入多焦点人工晶状体时符合入选条件。

The impacts of different embolization techniques on splenic artery embolization for blunt splenic injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Splenic artery embolization(SAE) has been an effective adjunct to the Non-operative management(NOM) for blunt splenic injury(BSI). However, the optimal embolization techniques are still inconclusive. To further understand the roles of different embolization locations and embolic materials in SAE, we conducted this system review and meta-analyses.Methods: Clinical studies related to SAE for adult patients were researched in electronic databases, included Pub Med, Embase, Science Direct and Google Scholar Search(between October 1991 and March 2013), and relevant information was extracted. To eliminate the heterogeneity, a sensitivity analysis was conducted on two reduced study sets. Then, the pooled outcomes were compared and the quality assessments were performed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS). The SAE success rate, incidences of life-threatening complications of different embolization techniques were compared by χ2 test in 1 st study set. Associations between different embolization techniques and clinical outcomes were evaluated by fixed-effects model in 2 nd study set.Results: Twenty-three studies were included in 1 st study set. And then, 13 of them were excluded, because lack of the necessary details of SAE. The remaining 10 studies comprised 2 nd study set, and quality assessments were performed using NOS. In 1 st set, the primary success rate is 90.1% and the incidence of life-threatening complications is 20.4%, though the cases which required surgical intervention are very few(6.4%). For different embolization locations, there was no obvious association between primary success rate and embolization location in both 1 st and 2 nd study sets(P >0.05). But in 2 nd study set, it indicated that proximal embolization reduced severe complications and complications needed surgical management. As for the embolic materials, the success rate between coil and gelfoam is not significant. However, coil is associated with a lower risk of life-threatening complications, as well as less complications requiring surgical management.Conclusion: Different embolization techniques affect the clinical outcomes of SAE. The proximal embolization is the best option due to the less life-threatening complications. For commonly embolic material, coil is superior to gelfoam for fewer severe complications and less further surgery management.

Effects of probiotic therapy on hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis:an updated meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials

BACKGROUND： Liver cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy have poor prognosis. Probiotics alter the intestinal microbiota and reduce the production of ammonia. We conducted a meta-analysis about the role of probiotics on liver cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy.DATA SOURCES： We collected the relevant literatures up to February 21, 2014 from databases of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A statistical analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.2 and STATA 12.0 software.RESULTS： Six randomized controlled trials involving 496 liver cirrhotic patients were included. The results showed that probiotic therapy significantly reduced the development of overt hepatic encephalopathy（OR [95% CI]： 0.42 [0.26, 0.70],P=0.0007）. However, probiotics did not affect mortality, levels of serum ammonia and constipation（mortality： OR [95% CI]：0.73 [0.38, 1.41], P=0.35; serum ammonia： WMD [95% CI]：-3.67 [-15.71, 8.37], P=0.55; constipation： OR [95% CI]： 0.67 [0.29,1.56], P=0.35）.CONCLUSION： Probiotics decrease overt hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Deliquescence and Efflorescence Processes of Aerosol Particles Studied by in situ FTIR and Raman Spectroscopy

伞状和开花是喷雾器粒子的二个很重要的物理化学的过程。在伞状和喷雾器粒子的开花周期，许多基本问题需要在分子的水平上详细被调查，包括在使过饱和的喷雾器，可以被形成的亚稳的稳固的阶段，和显微镜的结构和喷雾器粒子的伞状机制的离子和分子相互作用。这份报纸论述在伞状的最近的调查和喷雾器粒子的开花过程取得由的进步的一篇摘要四普通光谱技术，作为 Raman/electrodynamic 平衡被知道，石英底层上的 Fourier 变换 infrared/aerosol 流动试管， Fourier 变换 infrared/attenuated 总数思考，和共焦的拉曼。

Malignant glaucoma treated by low-dose laser cycloplasty: a 1-year multicenter prospective noncomparative study

AIM:To report a one-year clinical outcomes of low-dose laser cycloplasty(LCP)among malignant glaucoma patients.METHODS:In this prospective,multicenter,noncomparative clinical study,participants with malignant glaucoma were recruited and underwent LCP at eight ophthalmic centers in China.Patients were followed up at 1wk,1,3,6,and 12mo.Intraocular pressure(IOP),number of glaucoma medications,anterior chamber depth(ACD),and complications were recorded.Anatomical success was defined as the reformation of the anterior chamber based on slit-lamp biomicroscopy.Recurrence was defined by the presence of a shallow orflat anterior chamber after initial recovery from treatment.RESULTS:A total of 34 eyes received LCP.Mean IOP and medications decreased from 36.1±11.5 mm Hg with 3.3±1.5 glaucoma medications pre-treatment to 20.9±9.8 mm Hg(P<0.001)with 2.9±1.6 medications(P=0.046)at 1d,and 17.4±6.7 mm Hg(P<0.001)with 1.3±1.7 medications(P<0.001)at 12mo.The ACD increased from 1.1±0.8 mm at baseline to 1.7±1.0 mm and to 2.0±0.5 mm at 1d and 12mo,respectively.A total of 32(94.1%)eyes achieved initial anatomical success.During follow-up,2(5.9%)eyes failed and 8(23.5%)eyes relapsed,yielding a 12-month anatomical success rate of 64.3%.Complications including anterior synechia(8.82%),choroidal/ciliary detachment(5.88%)and hypopyon(2.94%)were observed within 1wk.CONCLUSION:LCP is simple,safe,and effective in reforming the anterior chamber in malignant glaucoma.

Identification of new fusion genes and their clinical significance in endometrial cancer

Background:Fusion genes may play an important role in tumorigenesis, prognosis, and drug resistance;however, studies on fusion genes in endometrial cancer (EC) are rare. This study aimed to identify new fusion genes and to explore their clinical significance in EC. Methods: A total of 28 patients diagnosed with EC were enrolled in this study. RNA sequencing was used to obtain entire genomes and transcriptomes. STAR-comparison and STAR-fusion prediction were applied to predict the fusion genes. Chi-square tests and Student t tests were used to verify the clinical significance with SPSS 13.0 software. Results: New fusion genes were found, and the number of fusion genes varied from 3 to 110 among all patients with EC. The type of fusion genes varied and included messenger RNA (mRNA)-mRNA, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-lncRNA, and lncRNAmRNA. There were six fusion genes with high fusion rates, namely, RF11-123010.4-GRIP1-RP11-444D3.1-SOXS,RP11-680G10.1-GSE1,NRIP1-AF127936.7,RP11-96H19.1-RP11-446N19.1,andDPH7-PTP4A3. Further studies showed that these fusion genes are related to stage, grade, and recurrence, in which NRIP1-AF127936.7andDPH7-PTP4A3 were found only in stage Ⅲ patients with EC. DPH7-PTP4A3was found in grades 2 and 3, and recurrent patients with EC. Conclusion: Fusion genes play an essential role in EC. Six genes that are overexpressed with high fusion rates are identified. NRIP1-AF127936.7and DPH7-PTP4A3 might be related to stage, and DPH7-PTP4A3 be related to grade and recurrence.

A Middle Triassic stem-neopterygian fish from China shows remarkable secondary sexual characteristics

Secondary sexual characteristics are features that appear at sexual maturity and distinguish the two sexes of a species. They are readily observed and studied in living animals, but the phenomenon is rather more difficult to identify in fossil taxa. Here we report a new sexually dimorphic stem-neopterygian fish, Venusichthys comptus gen. et sp. nov., based on 30 exceptionally well-preserved specimens from the Middle Triassic(Pelsonian, Anisian)Luoping Lagersta¨tte of eastern Yunnan, China. The discovery represents the oldest known secondary sexual characteristics in Neopterygii. These characteristics,including pointed tubercles on cranial bones, scales and fins, and hook-like contact organ anterior to the anal fin,have three inferred primary functions: maintenance of body contact between the sexes during prespawning behavior or spawning; stimulation of the females during breeding; and defense of nests and territories. Lacking a specialized anal fin in the presumed males, Venusichthys would likely have a different reproductive strategy from peltopleurids and other potentially viviparous stem-neopterygians. Moreover,Venusichthys shows a unique character combination distinguished from any other stem-neopterygian families and consequently represents a new family of this clade. Assuch, the new finding provides an important addition for understanding the behavior, reproduction, and early diversification of Neopterygii.

Dual-specificity Phosphatase 1 Deficiency Induces Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma Progression via Activation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Pathway

Background： Previously, we reported that dual-specificity adenocarcinoma （EEA）. However, the role of DUSP1 medroxyprogesterone （MPA） are still unclear. phosphatase I （DUSPI） was differentially expressed in endometrioid in EEA progression and the relationship between DUSPI and Methods： The expression of DUSPI in EEA specimens was detected by immunohistochemical analysis. The effect of DUSPI on cell proliferation was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit 8 and colony formation assay, and cell migration was analyzed by transwell assay. MPA-induced DUSPI expression in EEA cells was measured by Western blot. Results： DUSPI expression was deficient in advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, high-grade and myometrial invasive EEA. In EEA cell lines （HeclA, Hecl B, RL952, and Ishikawa）, the DUSP1 expression was substantially higher in lshikawa cells than in other cell lines （P 〈 0.05）. Knockdown ofDUSP I promoted lshikawa cells proliferation, migration, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinase （MAPK/Erk） pathway. MPA-induced DUSP1 expression and inhibited MAPK/Erk pathway in Ishikawa cells. Conclusions： Our data suggest that DUSP1 deficiency promotes EEA progression via MAPK/Erk pathway, which may be reversed by MPA, suggesting that DUSP I may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of EEA.

One-way quantum deficit and quantum coherence in the anisotropic X Y chain

In this study, we investigate pairwise non-classical correlations measured using a one-way quantum deficit as well as quantum coherence in the XY spin-1/2 chain in a transverse magnetic field for both zero and finite temperatures. The analytical and numerical results of our investigations are presented. In the case when the temperature is zero, it is shown that the one-way quantum deficit can characterize quantum phase transitions as well as quantum coherence. We find that these measures have a clear critical point at λ = 1. When λ 1, the one-way quantum deficit has an analytical expression that coincides with the relative entropy of coherence. We also study an XX model and an Ising chain at the finite temperatures.

Quantum nonlocality can be distributed via separable states

Quantum nonlocality is one of the most astonishing features in quantum physics.It is of great importance in understanding the conceptual foundations of quantum theory and is closely related to certain quantum information processing such as quantum protocols for decreasing communication complexity[1]and secure quantum communication[2,3],see refs.[4-9]for more details.

A Discriminative Algorithm for Indoor Place Recognition Based on Clustering of Features and Images

In order to solve the problem of indoor place recognition for indoor service robot, a novel algorithm, clustering of features and images （CFI）, is proposed in this work. Different from traditional indoor place recognition methods which are based on kernels or bag of features, with large margin classifier, CFI proposed in this work is based on feature matching, image similarity and clustering of features and images. It establishes independent local feature clusters by feature cloud registration to represent each room, and defines image distance to describe the similarity between images or feature clusters, which determines the label of query images. Besides, it improves recognition speed by image scaling, with state inertia and hidden Markov model constraining the transition of the state to kill unreasonable wrong recognitions and achieves remarkable precision and speed. A series of experiments are conducted to test the algorithm based on standard databases, and it achieves recognition rate up to 97% and speed is over 30 fps, which is much superior to traditional methods. Its impressive precision and speed demonstrate the great discriminative power in the face of complicated environment.

Applicability of anoxic-oxic process in treating petrochemical wastewater

To explore the applicability of anoxic-oxic (A/O) activated sludge process for petrochemical wastewater treatment,the relationship between bacterial community structure and pollutants loading/removal efficiencies was investigated by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS),polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and other conventional techniques.It showed that when the concentrations of the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) were 420～560mg/L and 64～100mg/L,respectively,the corresponding average effluent concentra-tions were 160mg/L and 55mg/L,which were 1.6 and 2.2times higher than those of the national standards in China,respectively,demonstrating the inefficient performances of A/O process.Analysis of GC-MS indicated that refractory pollutants were mainly removed by sludge adsorption,but not by biodegradation.PCR-DGGE profile analysis suggested that the biological system was species-rich,but there was apparent succession of the bacterial community structure in different locations of the A/O system.Variations of bacterial community structure and pollutant loadings had obvious influences on pollutants removal efficiencies.Thus,A/O process was inapplicable for the treatment of complicated petrochemical wastewater,and strategies such as the reinforcement of pre-treatment and two-stage A/O process were suggested.

Intra-tumor heterogeneity for endometrial cancer and its clinical significance

Background:Management of tumors has become more complex owing to tumor heterogeneity.Fewer studies have been performed on intra-tumor heterogeneity of endometrial cancer(EC)until now.Therefore,it is of great clinical value to explore the intra-tumor heterogeneity of EC based on clinical features and gene expression profiles.Methods:A total of 1688 patients with EC were screened and 114 patients were finally selected,including specimens from 84 patients with primary EC without relapse(PE)and the paired metastases(P-M)specimens,as well as specimens from 30 patients with primary EC with relapse(RPE)and the paired relapsed EC(P-RE)specimens.Microarray and RNA-seq were used to detect gene expression of EC samples.Clinicopathological characteristics and molecular data were compared between PE and P-M groups and between RPE and P-RE groups to explore the intra-tumor heterogeneity of EC.Results:The clinical intra-tumor spatial heterogeneity of pathological type,grade,ER status,and PR status between PE and P-M were 17.9%,13.1%,28.6%,and 28.6%,respectively.The clinical intra-tumor spatiotemporal heterogeneity of pathological type,grade,ER status,and PR status between RPE and P-RE were 16.7%,33.3%,25.0%,and 37.5%,respectively.Cluster analysis sorts EC samples based on progression type of lesion and their pathological type.There were differentially expressed genes between PE and P-M and between RPE and P-RE,of which gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis were mainly enriched in cell proliferation,the p53 signaling pathway,etc.Conclusions:Clinical and molecular data showed that there was spatiotemporal heterogeneity in intra-tumor of EC,which may add to the complexity of diagnosis and therapeutics for EC.Considering the intra-tumor heterogeneity,sequential chemotherapy and precision medicine may be a more suitable treatment plan for EC.