Incidence and risk factors of depression in patients with metabolic syndrome

BACKGROUND Many studies have explored the relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome(MetS),especially in older people.China has entered an aging society.However,there are still few studies on the elderly in Chinese communities.AIM To investigate the incidence and risk factors of depression in MetS patients in China's Mainland and to construct a predictive model.METHODS Data from four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were selected,and middle-aged and elderly patients with MetS(n=2533)were included based on the first wave.According to the center for epidemiological survey-depression scale(CESD),participants with MetS were divided into depression(n=938)and non-depression groups(n=1595),and factors related to depression were screened out.Subsequently,the 2-,4-,and 7-year follow-up data were analyzed,and a prediction model for depression in MetS patients was constructed.RESULTS The prevalence of depression in middle-aged and elderly patients with MetS was 37.02%.The prevalence of depression at the 2-,4-,and 7-year follow-up was 29.55%,34.53%,and 38.15%,respectively.The prediction model,constructed using baseline CESD and Physical Self-Maintenance Scale scores,average sleep duration,number of chronic diseases,age,and weight had a good predictive effect on the risk of depression in MetS patients at the 2-year follow-up(area under the curve=0.775,95%confidence interval:0.750-0.800,P<0.001),with a sensitivity of 68%and a specificity of 74%.CONCLUSION The prevalence of depression in middle-aged and elderly patients with MetS has increased over time.The early identification of and intervention for depressive symptoms requires greater attention in MetS patients.

前后段联合手术治疗玻璃体视网膜疾病合并白内障的临床疗效

目的:观察前后段联合手术治疗玻璃体视网膜疾病合并白内障的临床疗效及对患者术后视力恢复和并发症的影响。方法:回顾性分析2016-01/2017-12我院收治的玻璃体视网膜疾病合并白内障患者94例94眼的临床资料,其中A组50例50眼行同期玻璃体切除联合白内障超声乳化吸出术,B组44例44眼先行Ⅰ期玻璃体切除术,再行Ⅱ期白内障超声乳化吸出术。比较两组患者术后视力改善情况和最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压及术后并发症发生情况。结果:末次随访时,两组患者视力提高率差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05),B组患者BCVA为0. 59±0. 17,明显优于A组(0. 78±0. 28),差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05);两组患者手术前后眼压比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。随访期间,A组患者前房炎性反应发生率为52%,明显高于B组的20%,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),而两组患者一过性高眼压、虹膜红变等其它并发症发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。结论:同期前后段联合手术与分期联合手术治疗玻璃体视网膜疾病合并白内障均安全、有效,前者手术视野更为清晰,操作更为简便,后者则能够减轻前房炎性反应,对术后视力改善具有一定优势,临床应根据病情选择恰当的手术方式。

Transplantation of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the subarachnoid space for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a safety analysis of 14 patients

There is a small amount of clinical data regarding the safety and feasibility of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cell transplantation into the subarachnoid space for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.The objectives of this retrospective study were to assess the safety and efficacy of peripheral blood mononuclear cell transplantation in 14 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients to provide more objective data for future clinical trials.After stem cell mobilization and collection,autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells（1 × 109） were isolated and directly transplanted into the subarachnoid space of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.The primary outcome measure was incidence of adverse events.Secondary outcome measures were electromyography 1 week before operation and 4 weeks after operation,Functional Independence Measurement,Berg Balance Scale,and Dysarthria Assessment Scale 1 week preoperatively and 1,2,4 and 12 weeks postoperatively.There was no immediate or delayed transplant-related cytotoxicity.The number of leukocytes,serum alanine aminotransferase and creatinine levels,and body temperature were within the normal ranges.Radiographic evaluation showed no serious transplant-related adverse events.Muscle strength grade,results of Functional Independence Measurement,Berg Balance Scale,and Dysarthria Assessment Scale were not significantly different before and after treatment.These findings suggest that peripheral blood mononuclear cell transplantation into the subarachnoid space for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is safe,but its therapeutic effect is not remarkable.Thus,a large-sample investigation is needed to assess its efficacy further.

Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote repair of neonatal brain injury caused by hypoxia/ischemia in rats

Administration of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hUC-MSCs)is believed to be an effective method for treating neurodevelopmental disorde rs.In this study,we investigated the possibility of hUC-MSCs treatment of neonatal hypoxic/ischemic brain injury associated with maternal immune activation and the underlying mechanism.We established neonatal rat models of hypoxic/ischemic brain injury by exposing pregnant rats to lipopolysaccharide on day 16 or 17 of pregnancy.Rat offspring were intranasally administe red hUC-MSCs on postnatal day 14.We found that polypyrimidine tract-binding protein-1(PTBP-1)participated in the regulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced maternal immune activation,which led to neonatal hypoxic/ischemic brain injury.Intranasal delive ry of hUC-MSCs inhibited PTBP-1 expression,alleviated neonatal brain injury-related inflammation,and regulated the number and function of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes,there by promoting plastic regeneration of neurons and im p roving brain function.These findings suggest that hUC-MSCs can effectively promote the repair of neonatal hypoxic/ischemic brain injury related to maternal immune activation through inhibition of PTBP-1 expression and astrocyte activation.

Collagenous gastritis in a young Chinese woman:A case report

BACKGROUND Collagenous gastritis(CG) is a rare condition whose pathogenesis may be related to immune abnormalities. We report a case of CG from China.CASE SUMMARY A 24-year-old woman presented with recurrent abdominal distension and discomfort for 3 mo. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy found diffuse nodular elevation-depression changes in the mucosa of the entire gastric corpus.Endoscopic ultrasound showed predominant involvement of the lamina propria and submucosa, and computed tomography imaging showed mild enhancement of the gastric wall. Pathological histology revealed that the thickness of the subepithelial collagen band was about 40 μm, and the Masson trichrome staining result was positive and the Congo red staining result was negative. This case is consistent with the child-adolescent type of CG.CONCLUSION Serum pepsinogen Ⅰ, pepsinogen Ⅱ, pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio, and gastrin-17 may be potential non-invasive monitoring markers. Currently, treatments for CG vary,and the likely prognosis is unknown. Individual cases of gastric cancer in patients with CG have been reported.

Renal failure and hepatitis following ingestion of raw grass carp gallbladder:A case report

BACKGROUND Fish gallbladder has long been used as a folk remedy in Asian countries.Multiple organ damage after ingestion of fish gallbladder resulting in near mortality has been known to us.Here,we describe a case of acute renal failure(ARF)and hepatitis due to grass carp gallbladder poisoning and review the literature.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy,50-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a 2-d history of generalized abdominal pain and repeated vomiting following ingestion of two raw grass carp gallbladders in an attempt to alleviate her cough.She developed anuria on day 4 with markedly elevated serum creatinine,urea,bilirubin,alanine aminotransferase,and aspartate aminotransferase.Based on thorough evaluation of her history and prompt biochemical investigations,we diagnosed her with ARF and hepatitis secondary to fish gallbladder poisoning.Her renal biopsy revealed acute tubular necrosis,following which she underwent six sessions of conventional hemodialysis due to renal failure.Supportive treatment with gastric mucosal protectant and liver protectant was administered for targeted organ protection.The patient’s liver function gradually recovered,and serum creatinine was 164 mmol/L at discharge on day 24.Over a follow-up period of 2 wk,her renal function completely recovered.CONCLUSION Physicians should be mindful of toxic complications of raw grass carp gallbladder ingestion and we should promote awareness to reduce incidences of food poisoning.

YME1L overexpression exerts pro-tumorigenic activity in glioma by promoting Gai1 expression and Akt activation

DearEditor,Identifying novel glioma-driven signaling molecules and exploring the corresponding molecularly targeted therapies are essential for better and effcient glioma therapy.YME1L(YME1 Like 1 ATPase),a primary member of the AAA family of ATPase,is located at the inner mitochondrial membrane(Anand et al.,2014;MacVicar et al.,2019;Ohba et al.,2020).YME1L is essential for maintaining mitochondrial morphology,function,and plasticity(Anand et al.,2014;MacVicar et al.,2019;Ohba et al.,2020).YME1L assembles into a homo-oligomeric complex within the inner mitochondrial membrane(Anand et al.,2014;MacVicar et al.,2019;Ohba et al.,2020).Moreover,YME1L can degrade mitochondrial proteins,including lipid-transferring proteins,IM translocation proteins.