Continuous renal replacement therapy with oXiris®in patients with hematologically malignant septic shock:A retrospective study

BACKGROUND The mortality rate from septic shock in patients with hematological malignancies(HMs)remains significantly higher than that in patients without HMs.A longer resuscitation time would definitely be harmful because of the irreversibly immunocompromised status of the patients.Shortening the resuscitation time through continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)with oXiris^(■)would be an attractive strategy in managing such patients.AIM To explore the effects of CRRT and oXiris^(■)in shortening the resuscitation time and modifying the host response by reducing inflammation mediator levels.METHODS Forty-five patients with HM were diagnosed with septic shock and underwent CRRT between 2018 and 2022.Patients were divided into two groups based on the hemofilter used for CRRT(oXiris^(■)group,n=26;M150 group,n=19).We compared the number of days of negative and total fluid balance after 7 d of CRRT between the groups.The heart rate,norepinephrine dose,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score,and blood lactic acid levels at different time points in the two groups were also compared.Blood levels of inflammatory mediators in the 26 patients in the oXiris^(■)group were measured to further infer the possible mechanism.RESULTS The average total fluid balance after 7 d of CRRT in the oXiris^(■)group was significantly lower than that of patients in the M150 hemofilter group.The SOFA scores of patients after CRRT with oXiris^(■)therapy were significantly lower than those before treatment on day 1(d1),d3 and d7 after CRRT;these parameters were also significantly lower than those of the control group on d7.The lac level after oXiris^(■)therapy was significantly lower than that before treatment on d3 and d7 after CRRT.There were no significant differences in the above parameters between the two groups at the other time points.In the oXiris^(■)group,procalcitonin levels decreased on d7,whereas interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor levels decreased significantly on d3 and d7 after treatment.CONCLUSION CRRT with oXiris^(■)hemofilter may improve hemodynamics by reducing inflammatory mediators and playing a role in shortening the resuscitation period and decreasing total fluid balance in the resuscitation phases.

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗早期胃癌及癌前病变的疗效分析

目的探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗早期胃癌及癌前病变的疗效和风险。方法对2011年6月-2016年12月甘肃省武威肿瘤医院内镜中心经ESD治疗的206例早期胃癌及癌前病变患者的临床病理和随访资料进行总结,评价ESD治疗的一次性完整切除率、并发症发生率、复发转移率和临床疗效。结果 206例患者中早期胃癌157例(76.21%),其中m1 39例(24.84%)、m2 17例(10.83%)、m3 92例(58.60%)、sm1 4例(2.55%)、sm2 3例(1.91%)、基底部有癌肿累及2例(1.27%),胃腺管癌84例(53.50%)、中分化腺癌61例(38.85%)、乳头状腺癌5例(3.18%)、胃黏液腺癌2例(1.27%)、胃低分化腺癌5例(3.18%);高级别上皮内瘤变41例(19.90%);绒毛状管状腺瘤伴低级别上皮内瘤变8例(3.88%)。ESD整块切除率为99.03%(204/206),完整切除率为98.06%(202/206),组织学完整治愈率为98.06%(202/206)。术后迟发性出血7例(3.40%),术中穿孔5例(2.43%),术后出现贲门狭窄2例(0.97%),均予保守治疗出院。随访时间9~67个月,第3和5年以上病灶复发3和2例,第3和5年总复发率分别为3.53%和4.35%;第3和5年以上死亡各2例,3和5年生存率分别为97.65%(83/85)和95.65%(44/46)。结论 ESD治疗早期胃癌及癌前病变是一种简便、安全、疗效肯定的方法,临床值得推广。

Increased circulating circular RNA103516 is a novel biomarker for inflammatory bowel disease in adult patients

BACKGROUND Increasing evidence demonstrates that by acting as microRNA sponges modulating gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level,circular RNAs(circRNAs)participate in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases and are considered ideal biomarkers of human disease.AIM To examine the expression of circRNA_103516 in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and its associations with clinical phenotypes and inflammatory cytokines.METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were obtained from patients with IBD,healthy controls(HCs),and patient controls(PCs).Expression of circRNA_103516 and hsa-miR-19b-1-5p was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Crohn's disease activity index(CDAI),Mayo score,C-reactive protein(CRP)level,and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)were measured.To assess the inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),and interleukin-10(IL-10),blood samples were analysed by flow cytometry.RESULTS Ninety Crohn’s disease(CD)and 90 ulcerative colitis(UC)patients,80 HCs,and 35 PCs were included in the study.CircRNA_103516 was upregulated in CD and UC patients compared with HCs and PCs(P<0.05).The area under the curve of circRNA_103516 for diagnosing CD and UC was 0.790 and 0.687,respectively.In addition,circRNA_103516 levels were increased in active CD and UC compared with remittent groups(P=0.027,P=0.045).Furthermore,in CD,circRNA_103516 correlated positively with CDAI(P<0.001),CRP(P<0.001),ESR(P<0.001),TNFα(P<0.001),and IFN-γ(P<0.001)and negatively correlated with IL-10(P=0.006).In UC patients,circRNA_103516 correlated with Mayo score(P<0.001),CRP(P<0.001),ESR(P<0.001),TNFα(P<0.001),IFN-γ(P=0.011),and IL-10(P=0.002).Additionally,circRNA_103516 correlated positively with stricturing(P=0.018)and penetrating(P=0.031)behaviour.Moreover,hsamiR-19b-1-5p correlated negatively with circRNA_103516 in CD.CONCLUSION CircRNA_103516 levels in PBMCs can be considered an ideal candidate biomarker for diagnosing IBD.Dysregulation of circRNA_103516 may participate in the molecular mechanism of IBD through hsa-miR-19b-1-5p sponging.

引导式健康教育对老年高血压伴消化性溃疡患者自我管理行为的影响

目的 探讨引导式健康教育对老年高血压伴消化性溃疡患者自我管理行为的影响.方法 选择新余市人民医院2015-08/2017-07收治的老年高血压伴消化性溃疡患者87例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=43)和观察组(n=44),对照组给予基础治疗和常规护理,观察组在对照组护理基础上进行引导式健康教育,比较两组患者干预前后焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale, SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale, SDS)评分,自我管理能力,干预后溃疡愈合及幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, H. pylori)转阴情况.结果 观察组、对照组干预前SAS和SDS评分分别为55.81分±4.26分和57.92分±4.41分、56.13分±4.08分和58.06分±4.13分,干预后分别为50.25分±3.79分和52.97分±3.81分、53.02分±3.85分和54.77分±4.52分,两组干预后各评分均显著低于干预前,且观察组干预后各评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组、对照组干预前自我监测、饮食控制、遵医嘱服药评分、自我管理能力总分分别为32.68分±5.20分、30.41分±3.92分、34.95分±3.47分、97.99分±6.48分、33.01分±5.07分、30.76分±3.58分、34.37分±3.94分、97.25分±7.06分,干预后分别为41.55分±4.61分、40.69分±4.45分、42.63分±4.25分、123.48分±9.57分、37.52分±4.33分、36.81分±4.27分、39.03分±4.18分、113.39分±8.77分,两组干预后各评分均显著高于干预前,且观察组干预后各评分均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组干预后溃疡愈合率77.27%显著高于对照组的55.81%(P<0.05);治疗后观察组H. pylori阴性率72.73%显著高于对照组的51.16%(P<0.05).结论 引导式健康教育可有效改善老年高血压伴消化性溃疡患者自我管理行为.

RNA interference of pax2 inhibits growth of transplanted human endometrial cancer cells in nude mice

The development of human endometrial carcinoma(HEC) is a complex pathologic process involves several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.The full-length paired-box gene 2(pax2),a recently discovered oncogene,promotes cell proliferation and growth and inhibits apoptosis of HEC cells.Here,we examined the effect of pax2 small interfering RNA(siRNA) on the growth of transplanted HEC cells in nude mice.The expression of Pax2 in 21 cases of normal endometrium and 38 cases of HEC was examined by immohistochemistry(IHC).HEC models were developed by subcutaneously transferring HEC cells into nude mice,followed by treatment with empty lentivirus vector,lentivirus vector-based pax2 siRNA,and phosphate buffered saline,respectively.Four weeks later,tumor size was measured,tumor inhibition rate was calculated,and histological analyses were conducted after staining with hematoxylin and eosin.The expression of Pax2 and Bcl-2 was detected by Western blot;proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) was detected by IHC.Significant differences were observed in the positive rate of Pax2 between normal endometrium and HEC(14.2% vs.60.5%,P<0.01).The expression index of Pax2 in well differentiated tumors was 1.88±1.68,much lower than that in tumors of moderate(3.07±1.96,P<0.05) or poor differentiation(5.45±2.76,P<0.01).Tumor necrosis increased,nuclear basophilia stain decreased,tumor growth was inhibited,and PCNA,Pax2,and Bcl-2 expression was reduced in HEC models treated with pax2 siRNA.These results indicate that Pax2 expression is related to HEC tumor biology with the increased expression of Pax2 correlated to malignancy.pax2 siRNA down-regulates Pax2 expression and inhibits tumorigenesis of HEC in nude mice,possibly due to cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor proliferation induced by down-regulation of Bcl-2.

Accession-specific flowering time variation in response to nitrate fluctuation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Flowering time,a key transition point from vegetative to reproductive growth,is regulated by an intrinsic complex of endogenous and exogenous signals including nutrient status.For hundreds of years,nitrogen has been well known to modulate flowering time,but the molecular genetic basis on how plants adapt to ever-changing nitrogen availability remains not fully explored.Here we explore how Arabidopsis natural variation in flowering time responds to nitrate fluctuation.Upon nitrate availability change,we detect accession-and photoperiod-specific flowering responses,which also feature a accession-specific dependency on growth traits.The flowering time variation correlates well with the expression of floral integrators,SOC1 and FT,in an accession-specific manner.We find that gene expression variation of key hub genes in the photoperiod-circadian-clock(GI),aging(SPLs)and autonomous(FLC)pathways associates with the expression change of these integrators,hence flowering time variation.Our results thus shed light on the molecular genetic mechanisms on regulation of accession-and photoperiod-specific flowering time variation in response to nitrate availability.

Hsa_circRNA_102610 upregulation in Crohn’s disease promotes transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via sponging of hsa-miR-130a-3p

BACKGROUND The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease,a chronic intestinal inflammatory disorder that includes Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis,is rising.Circular RNAs are considered valuable diagnostic biomarkers for CD.Current evidence supports the views that epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)plays an important role in CD pathogenesis,and that hsa-miR-130a-3p can inhibit transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-induced EMT.Our previous study revealed that hsa_circRNA_102610 was upregulated in CD patients.Moreover,we predicted an interaction between hsa_circRNA_102610 and hsa-miR-130a-3p.Thus,we hypothesized that hsa_circRNA_102610 may play roles in the proliferation and EMT of intestinal epithelial cells by sponging hsa-miR-130a-3p to participate in the pathogenesis of CD.AIM To explore the mechanism of hsa_circRNA_102610 in the pathogenesis of CD.METHODS The relative expression levels of hsa_circRNA_102610 and hsa-miR-130a-3p in patients were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.The proliferation of human intestinal epithelial cells(HIECs)and normal-derived colon mucosa cell line 460(NCM460)cells was detected by cell counting kit-8,5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine staining and cell cycle assays following overexpression or downregulation of hsa_circRNA_102610.Cell proliferation assays were performed as described above in a rescue experiment with hsa-miR-130a-3p mimics.The interaction of hsa_circRNA_102610 and hsa-miR-130a-3p was verified by fluorescence in situ hybridization and dual luciferase reporter assays.The relative expression levels of CyclinD1,mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4(SMAD4),E-cadherin,N-cadherin and Vimentin were detected by western blotting following hsa_circRNA_102610 overexpression,TGF-β1-induced EMT or hsa-miR-130a-3p mimic transfection(in rescue experiments).RESULTS Upregulation of hsa_circRNA_102610 was determined to be positively correlated with elevated fecal calprotectin levels in CD(r=0.359,P=0.007)by Pearson correlation analysis.Hsa_circRNA_102610 promoted the proliferation of HIECs and NCM460 cells,while hsa-miR-130a-3p reversed the cell proliferationpromoting effects of hsa_circRNA_102610.Fluorescence in situ hybridization and dual luciferase reporter assays showed that hsa_circRNA_102610 directly bound hsa-miR-130a-3p in NCM460 and 293T cells.An inverse correlation between downregulation of hsa-miR-130a-3p and upregulation of hsa_circRNA_102610 in CD patients was observed(r=-0.290,P=0.024)by Pearson correlation analysis.Moreover,overexpression of hsa_circRNA_102610 promoted SMAD4 and CyclinD1 protein expression validated by western-blotting.Furthermore,overexpression of hsa_circRNA_102610 promoted TGF-β1 induced EMT in HIECs and NCM460 cells via targeting of hsa-miR-130a-3p,with increased expression of Vimentin and N-cadherin and decreased expression of E-cadherin.CONCLUSION Hsa_circRNA_102610 upregulation in CD patients could promote the proliferation and EMT of intestinal epithelial cells via sponging of hsa-miR-130a-3p.

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m–4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror’s surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.

骨髓微环境信号通路介导的白血病耐药机制研究进展

白血病是造血组织异常增生的恶性肿瘤性疾病,虽然对其发病机制的研究越来越深入,但其耐药和复发仍是世界医学的难题。目前已知骨髓微环境对白血病耐药起着至关重要的作用。骨髓微环境可通过多条不同的信号通路,促使白血病细胞存活、增殖及抗细胞凋亡等,进而介导白血病的耐药性。

Data release of the LAMOST pilot survey

This paper describes the data release of the LAMOST pilot survey, which includes data reduction, calibration, spectral analysis, data products and data access. The accuracy of the released data and the information about the FITS headers of spectra are also introduced. The released data set includes 319 000 spectra and a catalog of these objects.

The effect of Modified Wen-Dan decoction on hippocampal astrocytes in depression model rats

Background:This study aimed to observe the effect of Modified Wen-Dan decoction on hippocampal astrocytes in depression model rats.Methods:A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into a control group,a model group,a Modified Wen-Dan decoction group(referred toas the traditional Chinese medicine group),and a fluoxetine control group(referred to as the Western medicine group).The control group was provided with a free diet and without any stimulation,while the remaining three groups were solitarily housed incombination with chronic unpredictable mild stress stimuli to replicate the depression rat model.The rats were subjected to the open-field and sucrose preference experiments for behavioral observation,and q-PCR was used to detect the mRNA of specific markers of hippocampal astrocytes,glial fibrillary acidic protein,and S100 calcium-binding proteinβ(S100β)in each group.Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the protein expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100βin thehippocampus of rats of each group.Results:The behavioral results showed that,compared with the control group,the rats in the model group showed a decrease in the score of the open-field experiment and in the rate of sucrose preference(P<0.05).The score of the open-field experiment and the rate of sucrose preference was increased in the Chinese and Western medicine groups(P<0.05),compared to that of the model group.No significant difference was found between the Chinese and Western medicine groups(P>0.05).The q-PCR results showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of GFAP and S100βwere downregulated in the model group compared to that of the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the mRNA expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic proteinand S100βwere upregulated in the traditional Chinese medicine group as well as in the Western medicine group(P<0.05).No significant difference between the Chinese and Western medicine groups was found.Conclusion:The mechanism of the antidepressant effect of Modified Wen-Dan decoction may be related to the improvement of hippocampal astrocyte dysfunction in rats.

Effect of cooling rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of CB2 tempered martensitic steel

The cooling rate of casting has a significant effect on microstructure and mechanical properties of castings.The 9Cr-1.5Mo-1Co cast steel,referred to as CB2,is one of the most promising alloys for various cast components to be used under ultrasupercritical conditions.In this study,HRTEM,SEM,and XRD methods were used for qualitative and quantitative analyses of contents,phases,and sizes of the inclusions and precipitates,as well as microstructure observation of the tempered martensitic steel at different cooling rates.Traditional tensile tests were conducted to characterize the material mechanical properties.Results show that the size of the boron nitride and precipitate,the width of the martensite lath and the content of theδ-ferrite are reduced as the cooling rate increases from 5-8℃·min^-1(CB2-S steel)to 50-60℃·min^-1(CB2-F steel).The precipitates are mainly composed of M23C6 and a small amount of M3C.The average diameters of the M23C6 precipitates in CB2-F and CB2-S are 202 nm and 209 nm,respectively.The inclusions are mainly composed of BN,Al2O3 and MnO2,and the inclusion ratios are 0.1969%for the CB2-F and 0.06556%for CB2-S steel.The average martensite lath widths of CB2-F and CB2-S steels are 289 nm and 301 nm,respectively.Furthermore,the M3C having a diameter of about 150 nm and a thickness of 20 nm is observed in theδ-ferrite of the tempered CB2-S steel.The presence of theδ-ferrite reduces the precipitation strengthening and dislocation density in CB2-S steel.In addition,the lower cooling rate stabilizes theδ-ferrite structure at room temperature.

A class of two-dimensional rational maps with self-excited and hidden attractors

This paper studies a new class of two-dimensional rational maps exhibiting self-excited and hidden attractors. The mathematical model of these maps is firstly formulated by introducing a rational term. The analysis of existence and stability of the fixed points in these maps suggests that there are four types of fixed points, i.e., no fixed point, one single fixed point, two fixed points and a line of fixed points. To investigate the complex dynamics of these rational maps with different types of fixed points, numerical analysis tools, such as time histories, phase portraits, basins of attraction, Lyapunov exponent spectrum, Lyapunov(Kaplan–Yorke) dimension and bifurcation diagrams, are employed. Our extensive numerical simulations identify both self-excited and hidden attractors, which were rarely reported in the literature. Therefore, the multi-stability of these maps, especially the hidden one, is further explored in the present work.

Extremely hidden multi-stability in a class of two-dimensional maps with a cosine memristor

We present a class of two-dimensional memristive maps with a cosine memristor. The memristive maps do not have any fixed points, so they belong to the category of nonlinear maps with hidden attractors. The rich dynamical behaviors of these maps are studied and investigated using different numerical tools, including phase portrait, basins of attraction,bifurcation diagram, and Lyapunov exponents. The two-parameter bifurcation analysis of the memristive map is carried out to reveal the bifurcation mechanism of its dynamical behaviors. Based on our extensive simulation studies, the proposed memristive maps can produce hidden periodic, chaotic, and hyper-chaotic attractors, exhibiting extremely hidden multistability, namely the coexistence of infinite hidden attractors, which was rarely observed in memristive maps. Potentially,this work can be used for some real applications in secure communication, such as data and image encryptions.

A novel class of two-dimensional chaotic maps with infinitely many coexisting attractors

We study a novel class of two-dimensional maps with infinitely many coexisting attractors.Firstly,the mathematical model of these maps is formulated by introducing a sinusoidal function.The existence and the stability of the fixed points in the model are studied indicating that they are infinitely many and all unstable.In particular,a computer searching program is employed to explore the chaotic attractors in these maps,and a simple map is exemplified to show their complex dynamics.Interestingly,this map contains infinitely many coexisting attractors which has been rarely reported in the literature.Further studies on these coexisting attractors are carried out by investigating their time histories,phase trajectories,basins of attraction,Lyapunov exponents spectrum,and Lyapunov(Kaplan–Yorke)dimension.Bifurcation analysis reveals that the map has periodic and chaotic solutions,and more importantly,exhibits extreme multi-stability.

Effect of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Training on Sleep Quality and Mindfulness Cognitive Level of College Students

Objective:To study the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive training on sleep quality and mindfulness cognitive level of college students who score below the critical value of sleep disorders.Methods:The subjects were freshmen of a university in Shanghai who had scored below the critical value of sleep disorders.They were divided into the control group and experimental group by a random number table method,with 35 students in each group.No intervention was provided in the control group,and the mindfulness-based cognitive training(1 hour per day,5 days per week for 8 consecutive weeks)was performed in the intervention group.Eight weeks later,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire(FFMQ)scores were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention for changes in the sleep quality and mindfulness cognitive level.Results:The sleep quality and daytime dysfunction were significantly improved,the sleep latency was shortened,the sleep duration was prolonged(P<0.05),and the mindfulness level of the subjects was significantly improved(P<0.05)in the intervention group compared with the control group.Conclusion:Mindfulness-based cognitive training can significantly improve the sleep quality of college students who scored below the critical value of sleep disorders.Furthermore,its psychological mechanism may be associated with the improvement of the mindfulness level of college students.

Effect of the modified wendan decoction on hippocampal astrocyte neurotrophy by regulating the TRP-KYN metabolic pathway in depression-model rats

Objective:To observe the effect of the modified Wendan decoction on the neurotrophic function of hippocampal astrocytes by regulating the tryptophan-kynurenine(TRP-KYN)neuroprotective metabolic pathway in depression-model rats.Methods:A total of 96 Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into the blank group,model group,sham surgery group,neurotoxicity blocker group(blocker 1 for short)group,decoction group,fluoxetine group,blocker 1 plus decoction group,and blocker 1 plus fluoxetine group.Depression in rats of all groups,except for the blank group,was generated by isolation combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress.After corresponding treatments of the rats in each group,the sucrose preference test was performed to evaluate the depressive behaviors of the rats.Serum levels of tryptophan(TRP),kynurenine(KYN),and kynurenic acid(KYNA)were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the mRNA/protein expression of hippocampal astrocyte markers,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)and S100β,was detected via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunohistochemistry.ELISA and RT-PCR were carried out to detect the levels/mRNA expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF),the nutrient secretions of hippocampal astrocytes in rats.Results:Compared to the blank group,the number of activities of rats was significantly reduced,and the GFAP expression in the hippocampus was significantly increased while the BDNF and GDNF expressions were significantly decreased in the model group.With the intervention of the modified Wendan decoction,the depression of rats was significantly improved,and the BDNF and GDNF expressions in the hippocampus were increased while the GFAP expression was decreased significantly in the model group.Conclusion:The modified Wendan decoction may improve the neurotrophic function of rats’hippocampal astrocytes by enhancing the neuroprotective function of the TRP-KYN pathway,thereby exerting an antidepressant effect.

Protective effects of modified Wendan decoction on hippocampal neurons in a rat model of depression

Objective:To study the effects of modified Wendan decoction on hippocampal neuron plasticity in a rat model of depression.Methods:Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into a blank control group,model group,traditional Chinese medicine(modified Wendan decoction)group,and Western medicine(fluoxetine)group.Isolation in conjunction with the chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)method was used to replicate depression in rats from the experimental groups.The rats were treated for 28d following successful modeling.After treatment,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used to observe the ultrastructure of hippocampal dentate gyrus(DG)region in the rats.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was performed to measure the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)in hippocampal tissue.Additionally,RT-PCR was used to measure hippocampal BDNF and GDNF mRNA expression levels.Results:Compared to the control group,there was significant swelling,disordered cell arrangement,pyknosis,deepening of cytoplasmic staining in the hippocampal neurons,and severe hippocampal injury in the model group.Following treatment with the traditional Chinese medicine intervention,hippocampal neuronal injury was significantly alleviated,hippocampus structure was normal,and brain injury was significantly reduced in the depression rat model.Compared to the control group,hippocampal BDNF and GDNF mRNA levels in the model group were reduced(P<0.05).Compared to the model group,hippocampal BDNF and GDNF mRNA levels in the traditional Chinese medicine group increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Modified Wendan decoction can increase hippocampal neurotrophic function and repair hippocampal neuronal injury,thereby preventing depression.

A deoxidation thermodynamic model for 304 stainless steel considering multiple-components coupled reactions

A thermodynamic model for predicting the equilibrium oxygens of 304 stainless steel was developed based on the theory of slag-steel equilibrium,the law of mass conservation,and the ion and molecule coexistence theory.In the developed model,the Fe-Cr-Mn-Si-Al-S-O-melts reaction system and CaO-MgO-CaF_(2)-FeO-MnO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-Cr2O_(3)slags were considered.The oxygen contents calculated by the model are in good agreement with experimental results and reference data.The equilibrium oxygen contents in 304 stainless steel mainly decrease with increasing binary basicity(w(CaO)/w(SiO_(2)),where w(i)is the mass percentage of component i)and decreasing temperature.Controlling binary basicity at 2.0 while maintaining temperatures lower than 1823 K will keep the oxygen contents in the 304 stainless steel lower than 15×10^(-6).The equilibrium oxygen contents may also be decreased with increasing content of MgO in slags,which is more significant at lower binary basicity.Besides,a small amount of FeO,MnO,and Al_(2)O_(3)(about 0-2.5 wt.%)in slags has little effect on equilibrium oxygen contents.Furthermore,it is found that the[C]-[O]reaction may occur during refining process but will not significantly affect the equilibrium oxygen contents.