Visible-light-induced deoxygenative C2-sulfonylation of quinoline N-oxides with sulfinic acids for the synthesis of 2-sulfonylquinoline via radical reactions

A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of 2-sulfonylquinoline from deoxygenative C2-sulfonylation of quinoline N-oxides with sulfinic acid induced by visible light is presented.This protocol shows a broad substrate scope,and desired products with various substituents can be formed in moderate to high yields at room temperature.

Impact of Admission Hyperglycemia on Stroke-Associated Pneumoniain Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Observational Study

Background: Hyperglycemia is always seen amongst acute intra-cerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and usually has been reported in literature and studied in relation to mortality and poor recovery. However, literature specific to stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) on this topic is very small. Further, how to differentiate the predictive value of hyperglycemia with and without abnormal HbA1C in such patients is still a matter of debate and no universal consensus. We evaluated hyperglycemia as a marker for SAP in patients with ICH to assess its usefulness as a potential predictor. Materials and methods: Clinical characteristics for a sample of 551 patients with acute ICH were collected from the Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Possible associated risk factors of SAP were reviewed. Hyperglycemia and HbA1C on admission were the main hypothetic predictor, SAP occurring within the first 7 days is the primary outcome. Results: The cohort study includes 551 hospitalized patients. The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 52.5% and SAP occurred in 147 (26.7%). The incidence of SAP was higher in the group with hyperglycemia than those without hyperglycemia (37.7% versus 14.5%, p 6.5) (OR, 1.57;95%CI, 0.81 - 3.23) had not been shown to be associated with SAP. Conclusions: In this hospital-based cohort of patients presenting with acute intra-hemorrhage, hyperglycemia on admission was associated significantly with SAP. The association was stronger for hyperglycemia with normal HgbA1C than for hyperglycemia with high HgbA1C. Hyperglycemia with normal HgbA1C might be a more sensitive predictor of early acute complication, such as SAP.

Magnetic separation of pentlandite from serpentine by selective magnetic coating

In this study, pentlandite was selectively separated from serpentine using magnetic coating technology by adjusting and optimizing pH, stirring speeds, magnetic field intensities, and dosages of sodium hexametaphosphate(SHMP) and sodium oleate(SO). A magnetic concentrate with Ni grade of 20.8% and Ni recovery of 80.5% was attained under the optimized operating conditions. Considering the above, the adsorption behaviors of SHMP and SO and the surface properties of minerals after the magnetic coating were studied by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction(XRD), and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that magnetite was preferentially coated on the pentlandite surfaces and sparingly coated on the serpentine surfaces in the presence of SHMP and SO. Furthermore, calculations by Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(DLVO) theory indicate that the preferential adsorption of magnetite on the pentlandite surfaces is due to the presence of a hydrophobic interaction between the magnetite and pentlandite, which is much stronger than the interaction between magnetite and serpentine.

Semiconductor–metal transition in GaAs nanowires under high pressure

We investigate the structural phase transitions and electronic properties of GaAs nanowires under high pressure by using synchrotron x-ray diffraction and infrared reflectance spectroscopy methods up to 26.2 GPa at room temperature.The zinc-blende to orthorhombic phase transition was observed at around 20.0 GPa.In the same pressure range, pressureinduced metallization of GaAs nanowires was confirmed by infrared reflectance spectra.The metallization originates from the zinc-blende to orthorhombic phase transition.Decompression results demonstrated that the phase transition from zincblende to orthorhombic and the pressure-induced metallization are reversible.Compared to bulk materials, GaAs nanowires show larger bulk modulus and enhanced transition pressure due to the size effects and high surface energy.

High birth weight and its interaction with physical activity influence the risk of obesity in early school-aged children

Background High birth weight(HBW)is associated with childhood obesity,but with inconsistent results.This study investigated the relationship between HBW and childhood obesity,and further explored the interaction of HBW with behavioral and socio-economic determinants of obesity.Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 1906 grade-two children of Guangzhou,China,from June to November,2016.Overweight/obesity corresponded to a body mass index higher than the sex–age-specific criteria.Abdominal obesity was assessed using the sex-specific waist–height ratio cutoffs.The association of HBW with obesity was evaluated in multivariable logistic regression model.The relative excess risk due to interaction(RERI)and the attributable proportion of interaction(AP)indices were used to measure additive interaction,while applying the interaction of OR index for multiplicative interaction assessment.Results Children with HBW had an increased risk of overweight/obesity[odds ratio(OR)=2.42,95%confidence interval(CI)=1.56–3.76]compared with those without HBW.Significant additive interaction of HBW with physical activity was found for overweight/obesity[relative excess risk due to interaction(RERI)=2.69,95%CI=0.62–4.75;attributable proportion of interaction(AP)=0.72,95%CI=0.42–1.02].The HBW children with insufficient activity had higher odds of overweight/obesity compared to the non-HBW children with sufficient activity(OR=3.75,95%CI=2.06–6.83).In addition,we identified a significant interaction of HBW with household income for abdominal obesity(RERI=1.20,95%CI=0.02–2.37;AP=0.76,95%CI=0.16–1.36).Conclusions HBW confers an increased risk for childhood overweight/obesity.Physical activity attenuates the effect of HBW on overweight/obesity,and HBW possibly synergistically interacts with high household income to promote abdominal obesity in childhood.