Mitigation of greenhouse gases released from mining activities:A review

Climate changes that occur as a result of global warming caused by increasing amounts of greenhouse gases(GHGs)released into the atmosphere are an alarming issue.Controlling greenhouse gas emissions is critically important for the current and future status of mining activities.The mining industry is one of the significant contributors of greenhouse gases.In essence,anthropogenic greenhouse gases are emitted directly during the actual mining and indirectly released by the energy-intensive activities associated with mining equipment,ore transport,and the processing industry.Therefore,we reviewed both direct and indirect GHG emissions to analyze how mining contributes to climate change.In addition,we showed how climate change impacts mineral production.This assessment was performed using a GHG inventory model for the gases released from mines undergoing different product life cycles.We also elucidate the key issues and various research outcomes to demonstrate how the mining industry and policymakers can mitigate GHG emission from the mining sector.The review concludes with an overview of GHG release reduction and mitigation strategies.

Effect of terahertz pulse on gene expression in human eye cells

In recent years, the advances in terahertz applications have stimulated interest in the biological effects associated with this frequency range. We study the gene expression profile in three types of cells exposed to terahertz radiation,i.e., human ARPE-19 retinal pigment epithelial cells, simian virus 40-transformed human corneal epithelial cells, and human MIO-M1 Müller cells. We find that the gene expression in response to heat shock is unaffected, indicating that the minimum temperature increases under controlled environment. The transcriptome sequencing survey demonstrates that 6-hour irradiation with a broadband terahertz source results in specific change in gene expression and also the biological functions that are closely related to these genes. Our results imply that the effect of terahertz radiation on gene expression can last over 15 hours and depends on the type of cell.

Comprehensive silk gland multi-omics comparison illuminates two alternative mechanisms in silkworm heterosis

Heterosis is a common phenomenon in plants and animals with diverse underlying mechanisms.Here,we applied two widely used silkworm hybrid systems and performed multi-omics analysis to identify possible intrinsic associations between different hybrid strategies and epigenetic mechanisms with silkworm heterosis.We found significant differences in the silk gland transcriptomic landscape between the two systems,including differentially expressed genes and expression patterns in the hybrid offspring compared to their parents.In the quaternary hybrid system,hybrid vigor was primarily due to upregulated genes and the parent-dominant upregulated expression pattern,involving multiple transport processes,cellular nitrogen compound catabolism,glucose metabolism,and tricarboxylic acid cycle.In the binary system,hybrid vigor was mainly due to the down-regulated genes and transgressively down-regulated expression pattern,mainly involving basic nitrogen synthesis metabolism and body function.We also demonstrated that DNA methylation may affect hybrid vigor by regulating the expression of several heterosis-related genes.Thus,this study revealed two alternative mechanisms that may contribute to silkworm heterosis,both of which facilitate the efficient utilization of energy and nitrogen for silk production.

艾灸肝脏效应及其影响因素的实验研究进展

Through retrieving the relevant experimental researches from Pubmed,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP databases,it is discovered that the effects of moxibustion on liver are mainly reflected in the following three aspects,namely,maintaining the normal functions of liver,promoting the repair of liver injury and delaying liver aging.By further analysis and in view of experiments,the factors influencing these effects may include stimulation site,stimulation intensity and heat source.The effects of moxibustion on liver and its influencing factors are explored and discovered in the perspective of experimental researches and these discoveries have been verified in clinical practice correspondingly.Based on the current study situation,moxibustion therapy is still limited in clinical studies on liver disorders as compared with the experimental researches.Hence,the deep exploration of moxibustion on its specific biological effect and mechanism and the excavation of moxibustion on its clinical application are likely to be the coming emphasis of the basic research and clinical practice for moxibustion.

Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Friction Stir Welded Al Alloy Coated by In Situ Shot-Peening-Assisted Cold Spray

To improve the corrosion resistance of friction stir welded(FSW)joints,in situ shot-peening-assisted cold spray coating was applied to the surface of FSW joints.The microstructure and corrosion behavior of the coatings were investigated.The results showed that a dense coating was obtained by cold spraying technology.Moreover,the use of in situ shot-peeningassisted technology significantly reduced the porosity of the coating,which has a positive impact on the microstructure and the mechanical performance.Exfoliation corrosion tests showed that the coating aff ected positively on the corrosion resistance.On the coated surface,the craters caused by shot-peening particles were corroded in the form of exfoliation corrosion,while the exposed particles were corroded in the form of intercrystalline corrosion.This work provides a new approach to the corrosion protection of FSW joints.

Time and Temperature Dependence of the Structural Evolution for Polyamide 1012

The rheological property evolution of polyamide 1012(PA1012)in the isothermal process in molten state has been investigated.The results show that the viscosity increases and crosslinking reaction occurs simultaneously together with the increase of temperature,thus causing the variation of storage modulus(G')and loss modulus(G")in the repeated frequency sweeps with residual time.This research has pointed out that the superposition is valid for monitoring the complex behavior composed of the viscosity increasing and crosslink occurring process by tracing the variation behavior of the crossover points of G'and G"with time,revealing the same time-temperature dependence of the two reactions in the isothermal process.A normalized master curve has been proposed to describe the melt behavior at a given temperature.