福建龙岩烟区烤烟施肥关键参数研究

为了研究福建省龙岩市烟区不同肥料用量下烤烟的肥料效应,确定适宜的肥料施用量,在福建省龙岩市,以当地主栽品种云烟87为材料,开展了氮肥6水平、磷钾肥2水平的肥料田间试验。研究了氮、磷、钾肥料配合施用对烤烟养分吸收量、相对产量及限制产量的养分因素、经济性状及肥料利用率的影响。结果表明:在烤烟生育期内,氮、磷、钾的养分积累量表现为钾>氮>磷,养分积累主要集中在旺长期。缺素会使龙岩烟区烤烟产量和经济性状降低,缺氮、缺磷、缺钾对烤烟产量和经济性状的影响大小表现为缺氮>缺磷>缺钾。不同施氮处理中,N3处理(N:135kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(5):105kg/hm^(2),K_(2)O:375kg/hm^(2))的各项指标最优,分别为产量2053.17kg/hm^(2)、上等烟比例79.64%、中上等烟比例95.64%、产值61850.36元/hm^(2)、均价30.12元/kg、氮肥利用率31.27%农学利用率11.28kg/kg、偏生产力15.21kg/kg。用肥料效应方程对施氮量和烟叶产量进行拟合,方程为y=511.488+1.3614x+0.116x^(2)-0.0004x^(3)(R^(2)=0.9812)。综合烟叶产量、肥料利用率和经济效益,龙岩地区推荐施氮量为135.0~177.2kg/hm^(2)。

Visual Programming of Stochastic Weather Generator and Future Applications on Agroecological Study

Based on former studies on weather simulator modules in IPMist laboratory, study on visual programming of stochastic weather generator(VS-WGEN)was continued. In this study, Markov Chain, Monte Carlo, Fourier Series, and weak stationary process were used to generate the daily weather data in software Matlab 6. 0, with the data input from 40 years' weather data recorded by Beijing Weather Station. The generated data includes daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, precipitation and solar radiation. It has been verified that the weather data generated by the VS-WGEN were more accurate than that by the old WGEN, when twenty new model parameters were included. VS-WGEN has wide software applications, such as pest risk analysis, pest forecast and management. It can be implemented in hardware development as well, such as weather control in weather chamber and greenhouse for researches on ecological adaptation of crop varieties to a given location over time and space. Overall, VS-WGEN is a very useful tool for studies on theoretical and applied ecology.