【目的】水稻在孕穗期比苗期更容易感染穗枯病(Bacterial panicle blight of rice)并出现病症。本研究旨在探究水稻不同时期对穗枯病的抗性机理,为培育抗病水稻品种奠定基础。【方法】采用喷雾法和注射法分别对苗期和孕穗期的抗、感病...【目的】水稻在孕穗期比苗期更容易感染穗枯病(Bacterial panicle blight of rice)并出现病症。本研究旨在探究水稻不同时期对穗枯病的抗性机理,为培育抗病水稻品种奠定基础。【方法】采用喷雾法和注射法分别对苗期和孕穗期的抗、感病水稻品种接种颖壳伯克氏菌(Burkholderia glumae),测定处理组与对照组的3种抗氧化酶(POD、CAT、SOD)活性的差异,并利用实时荧光定量PCR测定5种防卫反应基因(PR1a、PR10b、Rcht、LOX、PAL)的表达量。【结果】B.glumae的侵染能引起水稻活性氧的积累,提高抗氧化酶活性,使部分防卫反应基因大量表达,但是苗期和孕穗期的应答有较大区别。水稻孕穗期的抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT和POD)活性和防卫反应基因(PR10b、Rcht和PAL)的表达量比苗期高,但PR1a和LOX的表达量却低于苗期。【结论】B.glumae能诱导孕穗期的水稻产生更多抗病反应,参与抗病反应的主要是水杨酸信号传导途径。展开更多
Rice spikelet rot disease(RSRD), caused by Fusarium proliferatum, is an emerging disease. So far, the effects of diseased rice floral organs as well as the primary infection sites and stages of this pathogen are not d...Rice spikelet rot disease(RSRD), caused by Fusarium proliferatum, is an emerging disease. So far, the effects of diseased rice floral organs as well as the primary infection sites and stages of this pathogen are not determined. We investigated changes in the floral organs, along with the infection processes of the pathogen in plants inoculated with F. proliferatum and labelled with a green fluorescent protein during different growth stages of rice. The results showed that RSRD is not a systemic infectious disease, which has negative effects on the fertility of the infected rice. F. proliferatum caused brown colored anthers, crinkled pistils and ovaries, pollen grain deformities and anther indehiscence. The number of pollen grains on the stigmas decreased significantly in the infected spikelets, and the anther dehiscence and seed-setting rate successively declined by 69% and 73%, respectively, as a result of the infection. The initial infection stage occurred at the pollen cell maturity stage, and the primary invasion sites were determined to be the anthers of rice. It was noted that the pathogen mainly damaged the pollen cells, and with the exception of the filaments, proceeded to colonize the pistils and endosperm.展开更多
Rice blast is the most important and destructive crop disease in rice paddies and poses a continued threat to the production of rice(Rossman et al,1990;Khush,2005;Wang et al,2018;Chen et al,2019).Biological control is...Rice blast is the most important and destructive crop disease in rice paddies and poses a continued threat to the production of rice(Rossman et al,1990;Khush,2005;Wang et al,2018;Chen et al,2019).Biological control is given increasing attentions on the control of rice blast for its outstanding advantages,such as safety,low-cost,and sustainability and environmentally friendly attributes.Streptomyces Waksman&Henrici is an important actinomycete genus that is well known for its biological control potential.S.araujoniae is a relatively new species and known for its antagonistic effects against many phytopathogenic fungi(da Silva et al,2013).However,there is no report about the antagonistic efiect of S.araujoniae on Magnaporthe oryzae,much less the disease control effects at the field experiment level.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2016YFD0200801,2017YFD0300409 and 2018YFD 020030405)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31800133)+5 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LQ18C140005)Agriculture,Rural Areas,and Farmers Six-Party Science and Technology Cooperation Projects of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.CTZB-F160728AWZ-SNY1-4)the Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)the Collaborative Innovation Project of the CAAS(Grant No.CAAS-XTCX2016012)the Core Research Budget of Nonprofit Governmental Research Insititute of China(Grant No.2014RG005-2)Zhejiang Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019C02018)
文摘Rice spikelet rot disease(RSRD), caused by Fusarium proliferatum, is an emerging disease. So far, the effects of diseased rice floral organs as well as the primary infection sites and stages of this pathogen are not determined. We investigated changes in the floral organs, along with the infection processes of the pathogen in plants inoculated with F. proliferatum and labelled with a green fluorescent protein during different growth stages of rice. The results showed that RSRD is not a systemic infectious disease, which has negative effects on the fertility of the infected rice. F. proliferatum caused brown colored anthers, crinkled pistils and ovaries, pollen grain deformities and anther indehiscence. The number of pollen grains on the stigmas decreased significantly in the infected spikelets, and the anther dehiscence and seed-setting rate successively declined by 69% and 73%, respectively, as a result of the infection. The initial infection stage occurred at the pollen cell maturity stage, and the primary invasion sites were determined to be the anthers of rice. It was noted that the pathogen mainly damaged the pollen cells, and with the exception of the filaments, proceeded to colonize the pistils and endosperm.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFD0200304)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2019C02018)SinograinⅡ:Technological Innovation to support environmentally friendly food production and food safety under a changing climate-opportunities and challenges for Norway-China cooperation。
文摘Rice blast is the most important and destructive crop disease in rice paddies and poses a continued threat to the production of rice(Rossman et al,1990;Khush,2005;Wang et al,2018;Chen et al,2019).Biological control is given increasing attentions on the control of rice blast for its outstanding advantages,such as safety,low-cost,and sustainability and environmentally friendly attributes.Streptomyces Waksman&Henrici is an important actinomycete genus that is well known for its biological control potential.S.araujoniae is a relatively new species and known for its antagonistic effects against many phytopathogenic fungi(da Silva et al,2013).However,there is no report about the antagonistic efiect of S.araujoniae on Magnaporthe oryzae,much less the disease control effects at the field experiment level.