研究预处理和提取方法对杜仲橡胶提取效率的影响。结果表明:与超微粉碎预处理相比,生物酶解预处理能更好地保留杜仲橡胶在杜仲植物中的原貌,制得的杜仲橡胶的重均相对分子质量大(超过4.2×105),相对分子质量分布略宽;与常规提取相比...研究预处理和提取方法对杜仲橡胶提取效率的影响。结果表明:与超微粉碎预处理相比,生物酶解预处理能更好地保留杜仲橡胶在杜仲植物中的原貌,制得的杜仲橡胶的重均相对分子质量大(超过4.2×105),相对分子质量分布略宽;与常规提取相比,超声波提取的提取效率较高。采用生物酶解预处理、超声波提取(温度为50℃,时间为30 min,超声波频率为40 k Hz),杜仲橡胶的提取效率较高且能耗适中。展开更多
While the fully-mechanized longwall mining technology was employed in a shallow seam under a room mining goaf and overlained by thin bedrock and thick loose sands, the roadway pillars in the abandoned room mining goaf...While the fully-mechanized longwall mining technology was employed in a shallow seam under a room mining goaf and overlained by thin bedrock and thick loose sands, the roadway pillars in the abandoned room mining goaf were in a stress-concentrated state, which may cause abnormal roof weighting, violent ground pressure behaviours, even roof fall and hydraulic support crushed(HSC) accidents. In this case,longwall mining safety and efficiency were seriously challenged. Based on the HSC accidents occurred during the longwall mining of 3-1-2 seam, which locates under the intersection zone of roadway pillars in the room mining goaf of 3-1-1 seam, this paper employed ground rock mechanics to analyse the overlying strata structure movement rules and presented the main influence factors and determination methods for the hydraulic support working resistance. The FLAC3 D software was used to simulate the overlying strata stress and plastic zone distribution characteristics. Field observation was implemented to contrastively analyse the hydraulic support working resistance distribution rules under the roadway pillars in strike direction, normal room mining goaf, roadway pillars in dip direction and intersection zone of roadway pillars. The results indicate that the key strata break along with rotations and reactions of the coal pillars deliver a larger concentrated load to the hydraulic support under intersection zone of roadway pillars than other conditions. The ‘‘overburden strata-key strata-roadway pillars-immediate roof" integrated load has exceeded the yield load that leads to HSC accidents. Findings in HSC mechanism provide a reasonable basis for shallow seam mining, and have important significance for the implementation of safe and efficient mining.展开更多
文摘研究预处理和提取方法对杜仲橡胶提取效率的影响。结果表明:与超微粉碎预处理相比,生物酶解预处理能更好地保留杜仲橡胶在杜仲植物中的原貌,制得的杜仲橡胶的重均相对分子质量大(超过4.2×105),相对分子质量分布略宽;与常规提取相比,超声波提取的提取效率较高。采用生物酶解预处理、超声波提取(温度为50℃,时间为30 min,超声波频率为40 k Hz),杜仲橡胶的提取效率较高且能耗适中。
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(NO.2015XKMS002)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of Chinagratefully acknowledge financial support of the above-mentioned agencies
文摘While the fully-mechanized longwall mining technology was employed in a shallow seam under a room mining goaf and overlained by thin bedrock and thick loose sands, the roadway pillars in the abandoned room mining goaf were in a stress-concentrated state, which may cause abnormal roof weighting, violent ground pressure behaviours, even roof fall and hydraulic support crushed(HSC) accidents. In this case,longwall mining safety and efficiency were seriously challenged. Based on the HSC accidents occurred during the longwall mining of 3-1-2 seam, which locates under the intersection zone of roadway pillars in the room mining goaf of 3-1-1 seam, this paper employed ground rock mechanics to analyse the overlying strata structure movement rules and presented the main influence factors and determination methods for the hydraulic support working resistance. The FLAC3 D software was used to simulate the overlying strata stress and plastic zone distribution characteristics. Field observation was implemented to contrastively analyse the hydraulic support working resistance distribution rules under the roadway pillars in strike direction, normal room mining goaf, roadway pillars in dip direction and intersection zone of roadway pillars. The results indicate that the key strata break along with rotations and reactions of the coal pillars deliver a larger concentrated load to the hydraulic support under intersection zone of roadway pillars than other conditions. The ‘‘overburden strata-key strata-roadway pillars-immediate roof" integrated load has exceeded the yield load that leads to HSC accidents. Findings in HSC mechanism provide a reasonable basis for shallow seam mining, and have important significance for the implementation of safe and efficient mining.
