成人休闲教育的作用及策略研究

成人高质量的休闲生活需要成人休闲教育的引导。成人休闲教育有其特有内涵,它在促进成人身心健康、个性全面发展,推动社会和谐稳定、经济文化全面发展等方面发挥着积极作用。鉴于我国成人缺乏正确的休闲观念、欠缺积极的休闲方式、休闲质量不高的现状,政府要加强对成人休闲教育的调控、支持和引导,成人休闲教育要促进成人正确休闲观念的培养和积极休闲方式的养成。

Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube clusters in distributor-less conical fluidized beds with step-by-step scaling

As a high-performance material with great application potential,the application of carbon nanotubes has been limited by their production volume.A distributor-less conical fluidized bed is the main equipment used in the industrial production of carbon nanotubes.To improve the production volume and product quality of carbon nanotubes,the study of fluidized-bed-diameter scaling is important.Three different diameters of distributor-less conical fluidized beds were established,and then the particle behavior and bubble characteristics of carbon nanotube clusters at these bed diameters were investigated.Time-series and wavelet analysis methods were used to analyze the pressure-fluctuation signals inside the fluidized beds.Results showed that the distributor-less design caused the airflow to break through the middle of the bed,which did not change with the change in bed diameter.The powder-bridging phenomenon of carbon nanotube clusters in a 100-mm-diameter fluidized bed was related to the special microstructure of carbon nanotube clusters.The frequency of pressure fluctuations in the bed decreased nonlinearly with increasing bed diameter.This study can guide the design and scale-up of distributor-less conical fluidized beds,especially for the scale-up of carbon nanotube production equipment,which can contribute to the improvement of carbon nanotubes’capacity and quality in industrial production.

Recent Advances of Cu-Based Materials for Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia

The pollution of nitrate in groundwater has become an environmental problem of general concern due to adverse human and ecological impacts. Treatment of nitrate-rich wastewater is of significance yet challenging for the conventional biological denitrification processes. Electrocatalytic nitrate-to-ammonia conversion emerges as one of the most promising avenues to remove environmentally harmful nitrate from various types of wastewaters while simultaneously producing value-added ammonia. Cu-based materials show great advantages in promoting selective electroreduction of nitrate to ammonia in terms of high nitrate conversion efficiency, ammonia selectivity and ammonia faradaic efficiency thanks to the 3d transition metal structure, low cost, high reserves, and excellent catalytic performance of Cu. In this review, we comprehensively overview the most recent advances in selective electrocatalytic nitrate-to-ammonia conversion using Cu-based materials. Various kinds of Cu-based materials including monometallic Cu catalysts, bimetallic Cu-based catalysts, Cu-based compounds, and Cu-based inorganicorganic hybrid materials and their derivatives are discussed in detail with emphasis on their structural and compositional features and functional mechanisms in promoting nitrate-to-ammonia conversion. Finally, a brief discussion on future directions, challenges and opportunities in this field is also provided.

Arabidopsis CAP1 mediates ammonium-regulated root hair growth by influencing vesicle trafficking and the cytoskeletal arrangement in root hair cells

Plant root hairs are essential for mineral and water absorption,which possess sophisticated sensory mechanisms to allow them to respond to different environmental signals.Ammonium(NH^(+))is a major form of nitrogen in the soil.NH^(+)can influence the root system architecture,such as root hair growth(Liu and von Wir en,2017).