Characteristics of Surface Water Quality Affected by Agricultural Non-point Sources in Guigang City

[Objectives]To analyze the influence characteristics of surface water quality by agricultural non-point sources in Guigang City of Guangxi.[Methods]The daily concentration series of water quality indicators at three state-controlled monitoring stations in Guigang City from^(2)019 to 2021 was analyzed by using Daubechies(db)wavelet,and Morlet wavelet was used to analyze the daily average concentration of water quality indicators.Continuous wavelet transform(CWT)was used to analyze the monthly concentration series of water quality indicators at three state-controlled monitoring stations in Guigang City from^(2)014 to 2021.[Results]The Daubechies(db)wavelet analysis showed that the concentrations of COD_(Mn),TP,and TN had the maximum values during June-July and October-November,and there were spatial differences among monitoring stations(COD_(Mn) concentration exceeding the standard was the most serious in Shizui,and DO concentration not up to standard was the most in Thermal Power Plant,and NH_(3)-N,TP and TN exceeding the standard was the most in Wulin Ferry).Morlet results showed that principal period of wavelet variance graphs of COD_(Mn),NH_(3)-N,and TP was 340 d,and there was the same sub-period of 140 d,and principal period of wavelet variance graph of DO was 260 d.CWT results showed that COD_(Cr) had similar resonance periods of about 1-2 and 5-7 months;BOD 5 and COD_(Mn) was dominant by the resonance period of 1-4 months(2014-2017);DO had a similar resonance period of about 1-3 months;NH_(3)-N was dominant by the resonance period of 1-5 months.[Conclusions]The surface water quality of Guigang City was mainly affected by the residual nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and pesticide residues from agricultural production activities.

Assessing Donor Liver Quality and Restoring Graft Function in the Era of Extended Criteria Donors

Liver transplantation(LT)is the final treatment option for patients with end-stage liver disease.The increasing donor shortage results in the wide usage of grafts from extended criteria donors across the world.Using such grafts is associated with the elevated incidences of post-transplant complications including initial nonfunction and ischemic biliary tract diseases,which significantly reduce recipient survival.Although several clinical factors have been demonstrated to impact donor liver quality,accurate,comprehensive,and effective assessment systems to guide decision-making for organ usage,restoration or discard are lacking.In addition,the development of biochemical technologies and bioinformatic analysis in recent years helps us better understand graft injury during the perioperative period and find potential ways to restore graft function.Moreover,such advances reveal the molecular profiles of grafts or perfusate that are susceptible to poor graft function and provide insight into finding novel biomarkers for graft quality assessment.Focusing on donors and grafts,we updated potential biomarkers in donor blood,liver tissue,or perfusates that predict graft quality following LT,and summarized strategies for restoring graft function in the era of extended criteria donors.In this review,we also discuss the advantages and drawbacks of these potential biomarkers and offer suggestions for future research.

Estrogen upregulates DNA2 expression through the PI3K-AKT pathway in endometrial carcinoma

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy,affecting up to 3%of women at some point during their lifetime(Morice et al.,2016;Li and Wang,2021).Based on the pathogenesis and bio‑logical behavioral characteristics,endometrial cancer can be divided into estrogen-dependent(I)and non-estrogen-dependent(II)types(Ulrich,2011).Type I accounts for approximately 80%of cases,of which the majority are endometrioid carcinomas,and the remaining are mucinous adenocarcinomas(Setiawan et al.,2013).

A ribosomal gene panel predicting a novel synthetic lethality in non-BRCAness tumors

Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors are one of the most exciting classes of targeted therapy agents for cancers with homologous recombination(HR)deficiency.However,many patients without apparent HR defects also respond well to PARP inhibitors/cisplatin.The biomarker responsible for this mechanism remains unclear.Here,we identified a set of ribosomal genes that predict response to PARP inhibitors/cisplatin in HR-proficient patients.PARP inhibitor/cisplatin selectively eliminates cells with high expression of the eight genes in the identified panel via DNA damage(ATM)signaling-induced pro-apoptotic ribosomal stress,which along with ATM signaling-induced pro-survival HR repair constitutes a new model to balance the cell fate in response to DNA damage.Therefore,the combined examination of the gene panel along with HR status would allow for more precise predictions of clinical response to PARP inhibitor/cisplatin.The gene panel as an independent biomarker was validated by multiple published clinical datasets,as well as by an ovarian cancer organoids library we established.More importantly,its predictive value was further verified in a cohort of PARP inhibitor-treated ovarian cancer patients with both RNA-seq and WGS data.Furthermore,we identified several marketed drugs capable of upregulating the expression of the genes in the panel without causing HR deficiency in PARP inhibitor/cisplatin-resistant cell lines.These drugs enhance PARP inhibitor/cisplatin sensitivity in both intrinsically resistant organoids and cell lines with acquired resistance.Together,our study identifies a marker gene panel for HR-proficient patients and reveals a broader application of PARP inhibitor/cisplatin in cancer therapy.

Alendronate loaded graphene oxide functionalized collagen sponge for the dual effects of osteogenesis and anti-osteoclastogenesis in osteoporotic rats

Graphene Oxide(GO)-related hydrogels have been extensively studied in hard tissue repair,because GO can not only enhance the mechanical properties of polymers but also promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.However,simple GO-related hydrogels are not ideal for the repair of osteoporotic bone defects as the overactive osteoclasts in osteoporosis.Alendronate(Aln)is known to inhibit osteoclasts and may bind to GO through covalent connection.Therefore,delivering Aln in GO-related hydrogels may be effective to repair osteoporotic bone defects.Here,we developed a control-released system which is constructed by collagen(Col)-GO sponges loaded with Aln(Col-GO-Aln)for osteoporotic bone defect repair.In vitro,Col-GO-Aln sponges prolonged the release period of Aln,and the sponge containing 0.05%(w/v)GO released Aln faster than sponge with 0.2%GO.Furthermore,tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)and F-actin staining demonstrated that Col-GO-Aln sponges effectively inhibited osteoclastogenesis of monocyte-macrophages.In vivo,micro-CT scan showed that the volume of newborn bone in defect site by 0.05%GO sponge was nearly three times larger than that of other groups.Moreover,the CT and histological examinations of rat femur proved that Col-GO-Aln sponges decreased the number of osteoclasts and suppressed the systemic bone loss in osteoporotic rats.These findings reveal that the application of GO as carriers of anti-osteoporosis drugs is a viable treatment for osteoporosis.The results also underscore the potential of GO-related hydrogels with Aln-releasing capacity for bone regeneration in osteoporosis.

Integrated thin film lithium niobate Fabry–Perot modulator[Invited]

Integrated traveling-wave lithium niobate modulators need relatively large device lengths to achieve low drive voltage. To increase modulation efficiency within a compact footprint, we report an integrated Fabry–Perot-type electro-optic thin film lithium niobate on insulator modulator comprising a phase modulation region sandwiched between two distributed Bragg reflectors. The device exhibits low optical loss and a high tuning efficiency of 15.7 pm/V. We also confirm the modulator's high-speed modulation performance by non-return-to-zero modulation with a data rate up to 56 Gbit/s.

On limiting behavior of stationary measures for stochastic evolution systems with small noise intensity

The limiting behavior of stochastic evolution processes with small noise intensityεis investigated in distribution-based approaches.Letμεbe a stationary measure for stochastic process Xεwith smallεand X0 be a semiflow on a Polish space.Assume that{με:0<ε≤ε0}is tight.Then all their limits in the weak sense are X0-invariant and their supports are contained in the Birkhoff center of X0.Applications are made to various stochastic evolution systems,including stochastic ordinary differential equations,stochastic partial differential equations,and stochastic functional differential equations driven by Brownian motion or Levy processes.

平面系统的随机稳定性

本文首先研究了确定性平面系统的双曲极限环在加法噪声扰动下的随机稳定性;其次考察了一类平面“拟Hamilton”系统在随机扰动下的稳定性,并指出结构稳定性系统与非结构稳定性系统的随机稳定性具有显著差异.

A criterion on a repeller being a null set of any limit measure for stochastic differential equations

This paper studies limit behaviors of stationary measures for stochastic ordinary differential equations with nondegenerate noise and presents a criterion to guarantee that a repeller with zero Lebesgue measure is a null set of any limit measure.Using this criterion,we first provide a series of nontrivial concrete examples to show that their repelling limit cycles or quasi-periodic orbits are null sets for all limit measures,which deduces that all their limit measures are concentrated on stable equilibria and stable limit cycles or quasi-periodic orbits,and saddles.Interesting open questions on exact supports of limit measures are proposed.

Endocrine pheromones couple fat rationing to dauer diapause through HNF4αnuclear receptors

Developmental diapause is a widespread strategy for animals to survive seasonal starvation and environmental harshness.Diapaused animals often ration body fat to generate a basal level of energy for enduring survival.How diapause and fat rationing are coupled,however,is poorly understood.The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans excretes pheromones to the environment to induce a diapause form called dauer larva.Through saturated forward genetic screens and CRISPR knockout,we found that dauer pheromones feed back to repress the transcription of ACOX-3,MAOC-1,DHS-28,DAF-22(peroxisomalβ-oxidation enzymes dually involved in pheromone synthesis and fat burning),ALH-4(aldehyde dehydrogenase for pheromone synthesis),PRX-10 and PRX-11(peroxisome assembly and proliferation factors).Dysfunction of these pheromone enzymes and factors relieves the repression.Surprisingly,transcription is repressed not by pheromones excreted but by pheromones endogenous to each animal.The endogenous pheromones regulate the nuclear translocation of HNF4αfamily nuclear receptor NHR-79 and its co-receptor NHR-49,and,repress transcription through the two receptors.The feedback repression maintains pheromone homeostasis,increases fat storage,decreases fat burning,and prolongs dauer lifespan.Thus,the exocrine dauer pheromones possess an unexpected endocrine function to mediate a peroxisome-nucleus crosstalk,coupling dauer diapause to fat rationing.

Dual-pump Control Algorithm of Two-speed Powershift Transmissions in Electric Vehicles

A high-speed motor in a drive system causes several challenges to the reliability of the mechanical parts of electric vehicles and leads to issues with noise,vibration and harshness(NVH).Thus,a two-speed powershift transmission is considered an effective way to improve the dynamic,economic and comfort performance of electric vehicles.A newly designed dual-pump hydraulic control system for a two-speed powershift transmission with two wet clutches is presented,in which the mechani-cal oil pump is linearly affected by the vehicle speed and the electric oil pump is controllable.By integrating the dynamic model of the hydraulic system into one of the powertrains with a two-speed transmission,a co-simulation dynamic model is proposed.To satisfy the flow and pressure demand of the hydraulic system,a dual-pump control strategy is presented,in which the electric oil pump is controlled by the mechanical oil pump following the minimum energy consumption principle.The World Light Vehicle Test Procedure(WLTP)cycle simulation results show that the energy consumption of the proposed hydraulic system can be reduced by 58.2%compared to the previous single-pump system developed by the authors with a constant main-line pressure control strategy.On the basis,the best configuration of the two pumps can further reduce the energy consumption of the hydraulic system by 23.2%compared to that of two-oil pumps with preset displacement.

Polarization diversity two-dimensional grating coupler on x-cut lithium niobate on insulator

We propose and demonstrate a polarization diversity two-dimensional grating coupler based on the lithium niobate on insulator platform, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The optimization design, performance characteristics,and fabrication tolerance of the two-dimensional grating coupler are thoroughly analyzed utilizing the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. Experimentally,-7.2 d B of coupling efficiency is achieved with 1 d B bandwidth of64 nm. The polarization-dependent loss is about 0.4 d B around 1550 nm. Our work provides new polarization multiplexing approaches for the lithium niobate on insulator platform, paving the way for critical applications such as high-speed polarization multiplexed electro-optical modulators.

Simple application of adipose-derived stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles coating enhances cytocompatibility and osteoinductivity of titanium implant

Surface modification using bioactive molecules is frequently performed to improve the biological properties of medical metal biomaterial titanium(Ti)implants.Developmental evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)served as potent bioactive component.As a subset of MSC EV,adipose-derived stem cel-derived extracellular vesicles(ADSC-EVs)could be obtained from abundant adipose tissue.Meanwhile,it possesses multiple re-generative properties and might be used to endow biological activities to medical Ti implant.Here,we present a simple ADSC-EV coating strategy based on physisorption of fibronectin.This ADSC-EV functionalized Ti implants(EV-Ti)revealed enhanced osteoblast compatibility and osteoinduc-tive activity.Cell spreading area of EV-Ti group was 1.62-and 1.48-fold larger than that of Ti group after 6 and 12 h of cell seeding,respectively.Moreover,EV-Ti promoted alkaline phosphatase,col-lagen 1 and osteocalcin gene expression in osteoblast by 1.51-,1.68-and 1.82-fold compared with pristine Ti,respectively.Thus,the MSC-EVs modification method reported here provide a clinically translatable strategy to promote the bioactivity of Ti implants.