Comparative Proteomic Analysis of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Strains Isolated from Chinese Patients

Helicobacter pylori, the major cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer, infects half of the world population, but only a few infections lead to serious disease. In order to investigate specific proteins related to the pathogenic difference of this bacterium, comparative proteome analyses of Helicobacter pylori C1 (isolated from patients with gastric cancer) and G1 (isolated from patients with gastritis) were performed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Four proteins (inorganic pyrophosphatase, 3-oxoadipate CoA-transferase subunit B, translation elongation factor, and aldo-keto reductase) were found only in Helicobacter pylori C1, and one protein (alkyl hydroperoxide reductase) was found in G1. Additionally, different isoelectric points (pI) of Hsp60 were observed from the two strains. Then we cloned and sequenced Hsp60 genes from forty-nine Helicobacter pylori isolated from gastric cancer and gastritis. Gene sequencing showed that one C→G single nucleotide polymorphism occurred in the 1399th nucleotide of Hsp60. These results indicate that pathogenic differences exist in various Helicobacter pylori isolated from Chinese patients.

Primary Breeding Ratio Analysis of an Improved Supercritical Water Cooled Fast Reactor

The purpose of the study is to analyze the breeding ratio of a supercritical water cooled fast reactor (SCFR) and to increase the breeding core of SCFR. The sensitivities of assembly parameters, core arrangements and fuel nuclide components to the breeding ratio are analyzed. In assembly parameters, the seed fuel rod diameter has higher sensitivities to the conversion ratio (CR) than the coolant tube diameter in blanket. Increasing heavy metal fraction is good to CR improvement. The CR of SCFR also increases with a reasonable core arrangement and Pu isotope mass fraction reduction in fuel, which can achieve more negative coolant void reactivity coefficient at the same time. The breeding ratio of SCFR is 1.03128 with a new core arrangement. And the coolant void reactivity coefficient is negative, which achieves a fuel breeding in initial fuel cycle.

African Swine Fever Virus MGF360-12L Inhibits Type Ⅰ Interferon Production by Blocking the Interaction of Importin α and NF-κB Signaling Pathway

African swine fever(ASF)is an infectious transboundary disease of domestic pigs and wild boar and spreading throughout Eurasia.There is no vaccine and treatment available.Complex immune escape strategies of African swine fever virus(ASFV)are crucial factors affecting immune prevention and vaccine development.MGF360 genes have been implicated in the modulation of the IFN-Ⅰresponse.The molecular mechanisms contributing to innate immunity are poorly understood.In this study,we demonstrated that ASFV MGF360-12 L(MGF360 families 12 L protein)significantly inhibited the mRNA transcription and promoter activity of IFN-βand NF-κB,accompanied by decreases of IRF3,STING,TBK1,ISG54,ISG56 and AP-1 m RNA transcription.Also,MGF360-12 L might suppress the nuclear localization of p50 and p65 mediated by classical nuclear localization signal(NLS).Additionally,MGF360-12 L could interact with KPNA2,KPNA3,and KPNA4,which interrupted the interaction between p65 and KPNA2,KPNA3,KPNA4.We further found that MGF360-12 L could interfere with the NF-κB nuclear translocation by competitively inhibiting the interaction between NF-κB and nuclear transport proteins.These findings suggested that MGF360-12 L could inhibit the IFN-Ⅰproduction by blocking the interaction of importinαand NF-κB signaling pathway,which might reveal a novel strategy for ASFV to escape the host innate immune response.

Yolk-shell structured Co-C/Void/Co9S8 composites with a tunable cavity for ultrabroadband and efficient low- frequency microwave absorption

A yolk-shell structured Co-C/Void/CogS8 ternary composite composed of a Co nanoparticle-embedded porous carbon core and Co9S8 shell was synthesized by the sulfidation of a Co-based zeolitic imidazolate framework and subsequent pyrolysis. The composition and interior cavity of the Co-C/Void/CogS8 composite could be precisely modulated by controlling the sulfidation reaction. Due to the abundant heterointerfaces, well-controlled cavity, and magnetic-dielectric synergistic effects, the Co-C/Void/CogS8 exhibited excellent and tunable microwave- absorbing properties. The optimized Co-C/Void/Cog~ having a loading of 25 wt.% and thickness only 2.2 mm, displayed an ultrabroad absorption bandwidth of 8.2 GHz at high frequencies. Moreover, the composite could achieve an extremely high reflection loss of -54.02 dB at low frequencies by adjusting its loading to 30 wt.%. This study provides a new insight into promising lightweight microwave-absorbing materials with ultrabroad absorption bandwidths and strong low-frequency absorption.

Extracellular viscosity:a potential therapeutic target to combat cancer metastasis

Aberrant migration plays a key role in cancer development and is particularly significant during invasion,which is the initial step of metastasis.Research over the past decade has shown that cancer cell migration is affected by several physical stimuli within the tumor microenvironment.For example,tumor metastasis is driven by interstitial flow caused by high intertumoral interstitial fluid pressure1.Shellard et al.showed that cells follow gradients in the stiffness of the substrates to prompt collective cell migration in vitro2.However,the effect of extracellular viscosities on cell function remains unclear.

Assessment of water-based cutting fluids with green additives in broaching

In order to improve the cutting performance in broaching,the lubrication and cleaning effects offered by water-based cutting fluids with green additives need to be studied from the viewpoint of green manufacturing.Therefore,water-based solutions with castor oil,surfactant(linear alkylbenzene sulfonate,LAS),and nanographite were prepared by ultrasonic agitation and sprayed into the zone of broaching via atomization.The performances of the cutting fluids,in terms of the viscosity,specific heat,wetting angle,and droplet size,were evaluated to discuss their effects on the broaching load.Among the fluids,the addition of LAS into oil-in-water(WO-S),where its cutting fluid with 10 wt.%castor oil and 1.5 wt.%surfactant,exhibited the lowest broaching force.With regard to the lubricating and cleaning mechanisms,WO-S has good wettability and permeability,and hence,can lubricate the cutting edge of the tool to decrease the cutting load,cool the cutting edge to keep it sturdy,and clean the surface of the cutting edge to keep it sharp.The results reveal that the simultaneous addition of castor oil and LAS had remarkable effects on the lubrication and cleaning,and resulted in a broaching load reduction of more than 10%compared to commercial cutting fluids.However,the addition of nanographite could not improve the lubrication owing to its agglomeration.

用于神经机器翻译的浮栅型PN共混光电突触晶体管

具有编码器-解码器框架的神经机器翻译被认为是未来机器翻译的一种主要框架.然而,由于多种语言融合和新词不断涌现,目前大多数基于冯诺依曼架构的神经机器翻译系统的解码器设备数量大幅增加,导致系统功耗过高.本研究首先展示了具有两种不同捕获机制的多级光敏混合半导体光电突触晶体管(MOST),它在480–800 nm波长范围的光照下表现出8种稳定且易于区分的状态和突触行为,且均具备兴奋性突触后电流、短期记忆和长期记忆等突触性能.此外,本研究首次将神经形态器件应用在神经机器翻译领域,成功制作了基于MOST的光解码器模型,显著简化了传统神经机器翻译系统的结构.并且作为一种多级突触器件, MOST可以进一步减少器件数量,在光照下简化编解码模型的结构.这项研究首先将神经形态器件应用于神经机器翻译,并提出了一种多级突触晶体管作为解码模块的基础单元,为打破机器翻译的瓶颈奠定了坚实的基础.

Flexible multi-level quasi-volatile memory based on organic vertical transistor

Driven by important megatrends such as cloud computing,artificial intelligence,and the Internet of Things,as a device used to store programs and data in computing systems,memory is struggling to catch up with the explosive growth of data and bandwidth requirements in the system.However,the storage wair between non-volatile memory and volatile memory retards the further improvement of modern memory computing systems.Herein,a quasi-volatile transistor memory based on organic polymer/perovskite quantum dot blend was fabricated using the vertical transistor configuration.Contributing to vertical structure and appropriate doping ratio of blend film,the quasi-volatile memory device displayed 1,560 times longer data retention time(>100 s)with respect to the dynamic random access memory and fast data programming speed(20 ps)in which was far more quickly than that of other organic non-volatile memories to fill the gap between volatile and non-volatile memories.Moreover,the device retention characteristics could be further promoted under the photoelectric synergistic stimulation,which also provided the possibility to reduce electric writing condition.Furthermore,the quasi-volatile memory device showed good electrical performance under bending conditions.This work provides a simple solution to fabricate multi-level quasi-volatile memory,which opens up a whole new avenue of"universal memory"and lays a solid foundation for low power and flexible random access memory devices.

Single source precursor derived SiBCNHf ceramic with enhanced high-temperature microwave absorption and antioxidation

Electromagnetic(EM)wave-absorbing materials with high-temperature-resistance are urgently desirable to eliminate EM interference in extreme conditions.Precursor derived ceramics(PDC)route is being evolved as an effective strategy to solve the puzzle.Herein,a single source hyperbranched polyborosi-lazane precursor containing hafnium(hb-PBSZ-Hf)is introduced and the SiBCNHf ceramic is obtained by further pyrolysis.The micro-sized tissues including HfC,SiC,HfB 2 nanocrystals and segregated carbons are in situ generated during annealing which not only increase EM wave absorption ability(minimum re-flection coefficient(RC_(min))is-56.71 dB with a thickness of 2.5 mm,effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)is 3.4 GHz),but also improve antioxidation property(less than 2 wt.%mass fluctuation at 1400℃in air).Theoretical simulation of complex permittivity suggests that SiBCNHf ceramic has an RC_(min)of less than-5 dB for the whole X-band even at 1100℃.Such SiBCNHf ceramic with superior high-temperature-resistance and antioxidation performance derived from single source precursors possesses great potential for EM wave absorbing coatings in high-temperature and harsh environments.