具有航空航天特色的高分子化学本研一体化教学探索

本文对如何在航空航天特色背景下进行高分子化学课程的本研一体化教学,进行了教学探索和教学实践,建立了具有航空航天特色的层次化、模块化的高分子化学课程体系。结果表明以上教学改革在人才培养中兼顾高分子通用知识和行业专业知识,促进了具有航空航天化学专业特色的毕业生培养,在学生就业、竞赛成绩等方面成效显著。

思维导图在高分子化学教学中的应用

高分子化学本身内容繁杂,课程中涉及众多概念、原理、公式,复杂难懂,理论性较强,学生综合理解难度大。本文分析了思维导图在师生使用方面的优势及其应用价值,并将思维导图与高分子化学的课程学习相结合,解决了教学过程中的各种问题,有助于学生构建完整的高分子化学知识架构,取得了良好的教学效果。

Etiology and Treatment of Post-surgical Blepharoptosis

Purpose: To investigate the etiology and the treatment of acquired blepharoptosis inpatients,.especially secondary to surgery.Methods: The clinical records of 65 consecutive patients with acquired ptosis were reviewed from an eye center and a comprehensive hospital..Potential factors responsible for acquired ptosis were investigated..Surgical management principles and post-operative exposure keratitis are discussed.Results:.The top three causes of acquired ptosis were postsurgical ptosis(20 / 65, 30.8%), traumatic ptosis(17 / 65,26.2%) and senile aponeurotic ptosis(12 / 65, 18.5%). Twenty patients had post-surgical ptosis secondary to orbital surgery(8 / 20, 40.0%), enucleation and hydroxyapatite(HA) artificial eye implantation(4 / 20, 20%), eyelid surgery(3 / 20,15%), cataract or glaucoma surgery(2 / 20, 10%), conjunctive surgery(2 / 20, 10%).and superior oblique muscle surgery(1 / 20, 5%). The levator palpebrae superioris(LPS) muscle of ten eyes(10 / 20, 50%) was found during exploration and reattached to the tarsal plate, with shortening of the LPS. Nine eyes(9 / 20, 45%) underwent a frontalis suspension(FS) operation because the LPS muscle was missing. One(1 / 20, 5%)patient was not operated on due to a poor Bell's phenomenon.Two patients(2 / 65, 3.1%)—one patient with post-surgical ptosis and another with aponeurotic ptosis—developed exposure keratitis after ptosis correction.Conclusion: Post-surgical ptosis is one of the most common causes of acquired ptosis. It is important to explore LPS muscle during surgery. LPS reattachment is performed if the muscle is found; otherwise, a FS operation is chosen. Exposure keratitis after correction should be monitored.

Overexpression of inhibinα(1-32)fusion protein promotes apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a cervical cancer cell model(Hela cells)

Inhibins play important roles in the reproductive system. To evaluate whether inhibin α (1-32) fusion protein plays a role in cervical cancer growth, the plasmid pVAX-inhα was constructed and its effect on proliferation and apoptosis of the human cervical cancer cell line (Hela) was checked by flow cytometry and real-time PCR. The expression and localization of inhibin α protein were detected by RT-PCR and confocal mi- croscopy which showed that inhibin α protein was expressed and localized in the nucleus of Hela cells. Over ex- pression of inhibin α gene significantly induced cell apoptosis and ceased S phase of cell cycle. Furthermore, cell proliferation was significantly suppressed 96 h post-transfection and mRNA level of anti-apoptosis genes (Bcl-2, NFκB) were decreased but pro-apoptosis genes (Bax, wild type p53) and inhibin co receptor (TGFβR3) were increased, indicating that inhibin, through its co-receptor, might activate apoptotic and cell growth cascades which regulate proliferation and apoptosis in Hela cells. These results suggest that inhibin α (1-32) fusion pro- tein, located in the cell nucleus, can regulate Hela cells growth and apoptosis by induction of apoptotic pathways such as NFκB, Bcl-2 and p53 families. These findings may have a significant impact on future research regarding cervical cancer cell lines.

基于无序堆积的呋喃类液晶小分子的高效有机光伏器件

将具有高迁移率和强分子间作用的液晶小分子引入有机光伏器件活性层中被认为是一种提升光电转换效率的有效策略.不同于常规的认识,本文展示了“弱结晶材料同样能优化活性层形貌和提升光伏器件效率”的三元有机光伏器件调控新策略.本文设计合成了两个基于苯并二呋喃给体单元的液晶小分子Z1和Z2,发现具有无序堆积特性的Z2基三元有机光伏器件展现出了更高的光电转换效率(Z2:PM6:BTP-eC9,PCE:18.12%;Z2:PM6:Y6,PCE:17.66%)和更优异的器件稳定性.而基于高度有序的Z1的三元有机光伏器件却表现出明显降低的能量转换效率.光电器件和活性层薄膜形貌的协同表征说明Z2基三元体异质结薄膜的高光电效率主要归因于其更优的电荷传输效率和更合适的相分离尺度.该研究工作展示的有机光伏器件第三组分的调控新策略对新型高效光伏器件的制备具有重要的指导意义.

Recent advances of dithienobenzodithiophene-based organic semiconductors for organic electronics

In recent years, fused aromatic dithienobenzodithiophene(DTBDT)-based functional semiconductors have been potential candidates for organic electronics. Due to the favorable features of excellent planarity, strong crystallinity, high mobility, and so on, DTBDT-based semiconductors have demonstrated remarkable performance in organic electronic devices, such as organic feld-effect transistor(OFET), organic photovoltaic(OPV), organic photodetectors(OPDs). Driven by this success, recent developments in the area of DTBDT-based semiconductors for applications in electronic devices are reviewed, focusing on OFET, OPV, perovskite solar cells(PSCs), and other organic electronic devices with a discussion of the relationship between molecular structure and device performance. Finally, the remaining challenges, and the key research direction in the near future are proposed, which provide a useful guidance for the design of DTBDT-based materials.

A micro-wave strategy for synthesizing room temperature phosphorescent materials

Room temperature phosphorescent(RTP)materials have a variety of applications ranging from bioimaging,optoelectronic devices to information security protection.However,the preparation procedures for these materials are always tedious and time-consuming.Here,we report a micro-wave approach to prepare RTP carbon dots(CDs)in only 8 min.The micro-wave promoted the carbon and boron bond formation using natural compounds glucose and boric acids.This result has been confirmed using TEM,FTIR,XPS and XRD measurements.The C-B hetero atomized material presented a long afterglow property.With the irradiation with UV light,we observed an eight-second RTP by naked eyes after the lamp was turned off,and the phosphorescence lifetime was 487 ms.This excellent performance was mainly due to the formation of B-C bonds that promoted the intersystem crossings(ISC)and non-radiation transition of triplet states.Moreover,the glass state of the materials also helped to stabilize the triplet states of B-CDs and made its non-irradiation inactivated,which resulted in the characteristics of yellow green RTP.These results have demonstrated that micro-wave is a convenient and effective strategy to make hetero atomized RTP material,providing new possibilities for their industrial productions.

On Nearly SS-Embedded Subgroups of Finite Groups

Let H be a subgroup of a finite group G. H is nearly SS-embedded in G if there exists an S-quasinormal subgroup K of G, such that HK is S-quasinormal in G and H ∩ K ≤ HseG, where HseG is the subgroup of H, generated by all those subgroups of H which are S-quasinormally embedded in G. In this paper, the authors investigate the influence of nearly SS-embedded subgroups on the structure of finite groups.

Enhanced open-circuit voltage in methoxyl substituted benzodithiophene-based polymer solar cells

The open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))is one of the important parameters that influence the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of polymer solar cells.Its value is mainly determined by the energy level offset between the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)of the donor and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)of the acceptor.Therefore,decreasing the HOMO value of the polymer could lead to a high V_(oc)and thus increasing the cell efficiency.Here we report a facile way to lower the polymer HOMO energy level by using methoxyl substituted-benzodithiophene(BDT)unit.The polymer with the methoxyl functionl group(POBDT(S)-T1)exhibited a HOMO value of-5.65 eV,which is deeper than that(-5.52 eV)of polymer without methoxyl unit(PBDT(S)-T1).As a result,POBDT(S)-T1-based solar cells show a high V_(oc)of 0.98 V and PCE of 9.2%.In contrast,PBDT(S)-T1-based devices show a relatively lower V_(oc)of 0.89 V and a moderate PCE of 7.4%.The results suggest that the involvement of methoxyl group into conjugated copolymers can efficiencly lower their HOMO energy levels.

An end-capped strategy for crystalline polymer donor to improve the photovoltaic performance of non-fullerene solar cells

The effects of end-capped modifications of a polymer donor with high molecular weight on non-fullerene solar cells are largely ignored,even if the chain-end-functionalized method of conjugated polymers is an effective strategy in modulating polymeric optical-electronic properties.In this study,we design and synthesize an end-capped polymer,PM6TPO,via a reaction with the parent polymer PM6.Meanwhile,the conventional detection methods of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight(MALDI-TOF),and ^(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance(^(1)H NMR) were replaced by simple solution-based inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) to evaluate the end-capped efficacy of PM6TPO.By introducing end-capped groups on a high molecular weight polymer donor,we could finely tune the aggregated behavior,strengthen the miscibility between the donor and acceptor without sacrificing the strong aggregated properties,and reduce the non-radiative recombination with a lower energy loss.Therefore,the PM6TPO-based organic solar cell(OSC)realized a higher open-circuit voltage of 0.843 V and PCE of 17.26% than that of the non-end-capped parent polymer,PM6(0.824 V and 16.21%,respectively).This work not only provides a straightforward method for verifying the end-capped efficacy of a high molecular weight polymer but also indicates a new research direction for improving the photovoltaic performance of non-fullerene-based solar cells.

Automorphisms of generalized orthogonal graphs of characteristic 2

We determine the automorphism group of the generalized orthogonal graph GO2v＋δ（q, m, G） over Fq of characteristic 2, where 1 〈 m 〈 v.