数字化时代高校就业指导服务模式的新路径探索

随着云计算和数字化技术的飞速发展,高校就业指导工作的工作理念也在不断创新,面对与日俱增的大学毕业生数量,高校亟需探索利用新媒体和数字化技术开展新型就业指导模式,以提供更加便捷的就业指导服务。基于此,通过调查问卷和走访相关单位的方式,总结当前高校就业指导服务存在的主要问题,分析数字化对毕业生就业指导工作开展的主要优势,深入探讨数字化就业指导平台数据分析的主要内容,从加强就业课程体系建设、明确就业指导服务目标、扩充就业指导师资队伍,以及推进就业服务客户端建设和数字化就业指导平台的优化设计几个方面,提出改进数字化毕业生就业指导工作的新措施,着重提出利用大数据分析技术来掌控就业市场的趋势和需求,为毕业生提供个性化的就业建议;同时,探索利用数字化平台加强毕业生与用人单位之间的联系,促进信息交流、招聘活动的新路径。从而得出以下启示:高校的就业指导部门应高度重视数字化应用平台建设,大力提升就业指导服务的质量和效果,更好地帮助学生成功就业,为国家输送更多更好的创新型人才。

木材变磁铁创新趣味科研技能训练的探索与实践

高校是培养有见识、独立思考能力和创新意识专业人才的摇篮。通过木材变磁铁的科研技能训练课程实验,提升了学生综合运用所学知识开展科学研究的能力。本实验内容不但使学生了解木材的相关知识,而且锻炼了学生独立操作科研仪器和分析谱图的能力,打开了学生在科研领域的新视野,激发了学生热爱学习和科学研究的内在动力。

A crosstalk-free dual-mode sweat sensing system for naked-eye sweat loss quantification via changes in structural reflectance

Sweat loss monitoring is important for understanding the body’s thermoregulation and hydration status,as well as for comprehensive sweat analysis.Despite recent advances,developing a low-cost,scalable,and universal method for the fabrication of colorimetric microfluidics designed for sweat loss monitoring remains challenging.In this study,we propose a novel laserengraved surface roughening strategy for various flexible substrates.This process permits the construction of microchannels that show distinct structural reflectance changes before and after sweat filling.By leveraging these unique optical properties,we have developed a fully laser-engraved microfluidic device for the quantification of naked-eye sweat loss.This sweat loss sensor is capable of a volume resolution of 0.5µL and a total volume capacity of 11µL,and can be customized to meet different performance requirements.Moreover,we report the development of a crosstalk-free dual-mode sweat microfluidic system that integrates an Ag/AgCl chloride sensor and a matching wireless measurement flexible printed circuit board.This integrated system enables the real-time monitoring of colorimetric sweat loss signals and potential ion concentration signals without crosstalk.Finally,we demonstrate the potential practical use of this microfluidic sweat loss sensor and its integrated system for sports medicine via on-body studies.

Shikimic acid accelerates phase change and flowering in Chinese jujube

The juvenile-to-adult phase change with first flowering as the indicator plays a crucial role in the lifecycle of fruit trees. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying phase change in fruit trees remain largely unknown. Shikimic acid (ShA) pathway is a main metabolic pathway closely related to the synthesis of hormones and many important secondary metabolites participating in plant phase change. So,whether ShA regulates phase change in plants is worth clarifying. Here, the distinct morphological characteristics and the underlying mechanisms of phase change in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), an important fruit tree native to China with nutritious fruit and outstanding tolerance abiotic stresses, were clarified. A combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis found that ShA is positively involved in jujube(Yuhong’×Xing 16’) phase change. The genes in the upstream of ShA synthesis pathway (ZjDAHPS, ZjDHQS and ZjSDH), the contents of ShA and the downstream secondary metabolites like phenols were significantly upregulated in the phase change period. Further, the treatment of spraying exogenous ShA verified that ShA at a very low concentration (60 mg·L^(-1)) can substantially speed up the phase change and flowering of jujube and other tested plants including Arabidopsis, tomato and wheat. The exogenous ShA (60 mg·L^(-1)) treatment in jujube seedlings could increase the accumulation of endogenous ShA, enhance leaf photosynthesis and the synthesis of phenols especially flavonoids and phenolic acids, and promote the expression of genes (ZjCOs, ZjNFYs and ZjPHYs) involved in flowering pathway. Basing on above results, we put forward a propose for the underlying mechanism of ShA regulating phase change, and a hypothesis that ShA could be considered a phytohormone-like substance because it is endogenous, ubiquitous, movable and highly efficient at very low concentrations. This study highlights the critical role of ShA in plant phase change and its phytohormone-like properties.

Phase equilibrium data prediction and process optimizationin butadiene extraction process

In response to the lack of reliable physical parameters in the process simulation of the butadiene extraction,a large amount of phase equilibrium data were collected in the context of the actual process of butadiene production by acetonitrile.The accuracy of five prediction methods,UNIFAC(UNIQUAC Functional-group Activity Coefficients),UNIFAC-LL,UNIFAC-LBY,UNIFAC-DMD and COSMO-RS,applied to the butadiene extraction process was verified using partial phase equilibrium data.The results showed that the UNIFAC-DMD method had the highest accuracy in predicting phase equilibrium data for the missing system.COSMO-RS-predicted multiple systems showed good accuracy,and a large number of missing phase equilibrium data were estimated using the UNIFAC-DMD method and COSMO-RS method.The predicted phase equilibrium data were checked for consistency.The NRTL-RK(non-Random Two Liquid-Redlich-Kwong Equation of State)and UNIQUAC thermodynamic models were used to correlate the phase equilibrium data.Industrial device simulations were used to verify the accuracy of the thermodynamic model applied to the butadiene extraction process.The simulation results showed that the average deviations of the simulated results using the correlated thermodynamic model from the actual values were less than 2%compared to that using the commercial simulation software,Aspen Plus and its database.The average deviation was much smaller than that of the simulations using the Aspen Plus database(>10%),indicating that the obtained phase equilibrium data are highly accurate and reliable.The best phase equilibrium data and thermodynamic model parameters for butadiene extraction are provided.This improves the accuracy and reliability of the design,optimization and control of the process,and provides a basis and guarantee for developing a more environmentally friendly and economical butadiene extraction process.

Design method of extractant for liquid-liquid extraction based on elements and chemical bonds

In the petrochemical industry process, the relative volatility between the components to be separated is close to one or the azeotrope that systems are difficult to separate. Liquid-liquid extraction is a common and effective separation method, and selecting an extraction agent is the key to extraction technology research. In this paper, a design method of extractants based on elements and chemical bonds was proposed. A knowledge-based molecular design method was adopted to pre-select elements and chemical bond groups. The molecules were automatically synthesized according to specific combination rules to avoid the problem of “combination explosion” of molecules. The target properties of the extractant were set, and the extractant meeting the requirements was selected by predicting the correlation physical properties of the generated molecules. Based on the separation performance of the extractant in liquid-liquid extraction and the relative importance of each index, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation membership function was established, the analytic hierarchy process determined the mass ratio of each index, and the consistency test results were passed. The results of case study based on quantum chemical analysis demonstrated that effective determination of extractants for the analysis of benzene-cyclohexane systems. The results unanimously prove that the method has important theoretical significance and application value.

Genome-wide association study of grain micronutrient concentrations in bread wheat

Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum)is a staple food crop worldwide.The genetic dissection of important nutrient traits is essential for the biofortification of wheat to meet the nutritional needs of the world's growing population.Here,45,298 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)from 55K chip arrays were used to genotype a panel of 768 wheat cultivars,and a total of 154 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)were detected for eight traits under three environments by genome-wide association study(GWAS).Three QTLs(qMn-3B.1,qFe-3B.4,and qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6)detected repeatedly under different environments or traits were subjected to subsequent analyses based on linkage disequilibrium decay and the P-values of significant SNPs.Significant SNPs in the three QTL regions formed six haplotypes for qMn-3B.1,three haplotypes for qFe-3B.4,and three haplotypes for qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6.Phenotypic analysis revealed significant differences among haplotypes.These results indicated that the concentrations of several nutrient elements have been modified during the domestication of landraces to modern wheat.Based on the QTL regions,we identified 15 high-confidence genes,eight of which were stably expressed in different tissues and/or developmental stages.TraesCS3B02G046100 in qMn-3B.1 and TraesCS3B02G199500 in qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6 were both inferred to interact with metal ions according to the Gene Ontology(GO)analysis.TraesCS3B02G199000,which belongs to qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6,was determined to be a member of the WRKY gene family.Overall,this study provides several reliable QTLs that may significantly affect the concentrations of nutrient elements in wheat grain,and this information will facilitate the breeding of wheat cultivars with improved grain properties.

Neural stem cell-derived exosomes regulate cell proliferation,migration,and cell death of brain microvascular endothelial cells via the miR-9/Hes1 axis under hypoxia

Background:Our previous study found that mouse embryonic neural stem cell(NSC)-derived exosomes(EXOs)regulated NSC differentiation via the miR-9/Hes1 axis.However,the effects of EXOs on brain microvascular endothelial cell(BMEC)dysfunction via the miR-9/Hes1 axis remain unknown.Therefore,the current study aimed to determine the effects of EXOs on BMEC proliferation,migration,and death via the miR-9/Hes1 axis.Methods:Immunofluorescence,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,cell counting kit-8 assay,wound healing assay,calcein-acetoxymethyl/propidium iodide staining,and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to determine the role and mechanism of EXOs on BMECs.Results:EXOs promoted BMEC proliferation and migration and reduced cell death under hypoxic conditions.The overexpression of miR-9 promoted BMEC prolifera-tion and migration and reduced cell death under hypoxic conditions.Moreover,miR-9 downregulation inhibited BMEC proliferation and migration and also promoted cell death.Hes1 silencing ameliorated the effect of amtagomiR-9 on BMEC proliferation and migration and cell death.Hyperemic structures were observed in the regions of the hippocampus and cortex in hypoxia-induced mice.Meanwhile,EXO treatment improved cerebrovascular alterations.Conclusion:NSC-derived EXOs can promote BMEC proliferation and migra-tion and reduce cell death via the miR-9/Hes1 axis under hypoxic conditions.Therefore,EXO therapeutic strategies could be considered for hypoxia-induced vascular injury.

MXene Sediment-Based Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Sodium Alginate Aerogel Evaporator with Vertically Aligned Channels for Highly Efficient Solar Steam Generation

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation from seawater is considered an effective way to alleviate the emerging freshwater crisis because of its green and environmentally friendly characteristics.However,developing an evaporator with high efficiency,stability,and salt resistance remains a key challenge.MXene,with an internal photothermal conversion efficiency of 100%,has received tremendous research interest as a photothermal material.However,the process to prepare the MXene with monolayer is inefficient and generates a large amount of“waste”MXene sediments(MS).Here,MXene sediments is selected as the photothermal material,and a three-dimensional MXene sediments/poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate aerogel evaporator with vertically aligned pores by directional freezing method is innovatively designed.The vertical porous structure enables the evaporator to improve water transport,light capture,and high evaporation rate.Cotton swabs and polypropylene are used as the water channel and support,respectively,thus fabricating a self-floating evaporator.The evaporator exhibits an evaporation rate of 3.6 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)under one-sun illumination,and 18.37 kg m^(-2)of freshwater is collected in the condensation collection device after 7 h of outdoor sun irradiation.The evaporator also displays excellent oil and salt resistance.This research fully utilizes“waste”MS,enabling a self-floating evaporation device for freshwater collection.

A Win-Win Undergraduate Graduation Design Model for Students, Teachers, and Training Platforms

Undergraduate graduation design is an important link in the process of undergraduate training,and university platforms have invested a lot of manpower and material resources for this purpose.However,while carrying out student training,it has gradually become the consensus of most university platforms to achieve a win-win situation for teachers and training platforms in order to achieve optimization of resource allocation and motivation of student training.After discussion and practice,this paper proposes a set of undergraduate graduation design training concepts and training modes with a win-win situation for students,teachers,and training platforms.

Study on the Effect of Self-Help Mindfulness Therapy on Rumination in Patients with Depression

Objective:To evaluate the nursing effect of self-help mindfulness therapy for patients with depression.Methods:120 cases of depression patients admitted to the Department of Psychosomatic Disorders of our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were selected.After being grouped by the random draw method,60 cases in the observation group adopted self-help mindfulness therapy and 60 cases in the control group adopted conventional nursing care,the nursing effects were subsequently compared.Results:Before nursing,there was no difference in the comparison of clinical symptom scores,rumination scores,positive psychological scores,and self-esteem scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After nursing,the clinical symptom scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;the rumination scores were lower than those of the control group;the positive psychological scores were higher than those of the control group;and the self-esteem scores were higher than those of the control group,and all of them were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Self-help mindfulness therapy can improve the clinical symptoms of patients with depression and their rumination,and enhance their positive psychological state and self-esteem level,which has high nursing advantages.

An Integrated Model of Smart Home Applications User Experience Based on Cognitive Dissonance

This study constructs an integrated model of user experience in smart home applications(apps)to deeply explore the impact of cognitive dissonance on users’emotional responses,subsequent behaviors,and experiential outcomes.The research emphasizes the importance of addressing emotional management in the design and development of smart home apps.The findings indicate that emotional response plays a critical mediating role in the user experience of these apps,offering new insights for further optimization.By understanding users’emotional reactions and behavioral patterns under cognitive dissonance,developers can more effectively improve interface design and enhance the overall user experience.

Study on the Effect of Shuanghuanglian Powder Needle Combined with Cefoperazone and Sulbactam Sodium on Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Vitro

Objective: To explore the antibacterial activity of combined use of Shuanghuanglian and cefoperazone sulbactam sodium on resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: The Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains which were sensitive and resistant to cefoperazone sulbactam sodium were selected to prepare different test bacterial solutions respectively;The experimental liquid of Shuanghuanglian and Cefoperazone Sulbactam Sodium were prepared separately and set as different test groups and control groups;The Drug Sensitivity Tests of Shuanghuanglian and cefoperazone sulbactam sodium at different concentration gradients which were used alone or used in combination were carried out for different strains with sensitivity and resistance, And use standard entry as a reference control. Result: The results of drug sensitivity test of Shuanghuanglian combined with Cefoperazone-Sulbactam sodium against the resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were compared with the results of drug sensitivity test of the two separately used, and the difference was statistically significant (P 〈 0.05) [The drug sensitivity test results of Shuanghuanglian and cefoperazone sulbactam sodium to Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant strains were statistically significant compared with the drug sensitivity test results of Shuanghuanglian and Cefoperazone Sulbactam Sodium used separately (P 〈 0.05)];There was a dependence between strains and concentration in the effect of the combination of the two drugs. Conclusion: The combination of Shuanghuanglian and cefoperazone sulbactam sodium has synergistic antibacterial or bactericidal effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant strains. .

Wang Jimin(王吉民)and History of Chinese Medicine(《中国医史》)

Wang Jimin was not only a distinguished medical historian in modem China and an academician of the International Academy of the History of Science but also an originator of the first Museum of Chinese Medical[History and of the Chinese Medical History Society.This study briefly introduces Wang’s family academic history,his groundbreaking achievements in studies on medical history and the first monograph of History of Chinese Medicine(English edition)in China.It also reviews the foundation of the first Museum of Chinese Medical History.

政民接触对公务员合作生产态度的影响机制——公务员对公民信任的中介模型

公务员和公民的接触(政民接触)是否以及如何影响公务员的合作生产态度,是一个十分重要的研究议题。论文基于接触假说和政治信任理论,构建了政民接触与公务员合作生产态度之间的关系模型。利用406名市直机关公务员的调研数据,对理论模型进行了实证检验。研究结果显示:政民接触正向影响公务员合作生产态度,而公务员对公民的信任在两者之间发挥中介效应。同时,研究认为,公务员和公民之间的接触越频繁,越有助于增进公务员对公民的信任,这一研究结果有别于“接触性不信任”假设。聚焦公务员群体的研究既丰富了公共服务合作生产的研究视角,也拓展了接触理论的应用领域,为未来培育积极的合作生产态度、促进政民互动、深化政民合作提供了理论依据和方向指导。

基于水/辛酸异戊酯-白油反相乳液体系合成压裂液增稠剂及性能

反相乳液聚合过程中通常采用饱和烷烃的混合物白油作为分散介质,但是白油在使用过程中会存在污染环境的问题。本文以可降解化合物辛酸异戊酯替代了部分白油作为混合油相,丙烯酰胺(AM)和丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)为单体,通过反相乳液聚合法合成了W/O型聚丙烯酰胺-丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(P(AM-DAC)),通过~1H NMR、FT-IR和SEM对其结构进行表征。考察了乳化剂用量和辛酸异戊酯用量对预乳液稳定性、黏度和油-水界面张力的影响,引发剂用量和反应温度对P(AM-DAC)水溶液黏度的影响。结果表明:当乳化剂用量为10%,辛酸异戊酯用量为50%时,引发剂用量为0.8%,反应温度为38℃时,P(AM-DAC)水溶液黏度达到最大值,为129 mPa·s。考察了P(AM-DAC)与以白油作为油相合成的聚丙烯酰胺-丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(P(AM-DAC)-W)的性能对比,P(AM-DAC)和P(AM-DAC)-W的粘均分子量分别为5.019×10~6和5.045×10~6;质量分数为1%的水溶液黏度分别为129和132 mPa·s;当Na^(+)质量浓度为3000 mg/L时,1%的水溶液黏度分别为65和67 mPa·s;在90℃,170 s^(-1)剪切速率下持续剪切45 min后,1%的水溶液黏度分别为36.9和43.1 mPa·s;陶粒在1%的水溶液中的沉降速度分别为0.049和0.053 mm/s;破胶液表面张力分别为27.8和28.9 mN/m;残渣含量分别为1.63和1.76 mg/L。该研究表明辛酸异戊酯代替部分白油制备压裂液用增稠剂是可行的,不仅不影响增稠性能,而且对耐盐、耐温耐剪切、携砂、破胶和残渣含量等性能没有造成明显的影响。

Layered double hydroxides as electrode materials for flexible energy storage devices

To prevent and mitigate environmental degradation,high-performance and cost-effective electrochemical flexible energy storage systems need to be urgently developed.This demand has led to an increase in research on electrode materials for high-capacity flexible supercapacitors and secondary batteries,which have greatly aided the development of contemporary digital communications and electric vehicles.The use of layered double hydroxides(LDHs)as electrode materials has shown productive results over the last decade,owing to their easy production,versatile composition,low cost,and excellent physicochemical features.This review highlights the distinctive 2D sheet-like structures and electrochemical characteristics of LDH materials,as well as current developments in their fabrication strategies for expanding the application scope of LDHs as electrode materials for flexible supercapacitors and alkali metal(Li,Na,K)ion batteries.

The extraction of aromatics using N-methylpyrrolidone: Liquid-liquidequilibrium determination and mechanism exploration

LLE data of cyclooctane/3-methylpentane + benzene/toluene + N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) at 298.15 Kand 313.15 K under a pressure of 101.3 kPa were measured in this work. The Othmer-Tobias and Handequations were adopted to validate the reliability of LLE data, where the correlation coefficients (R2) wereclose to unity, indicating the high reliability of the experimental data. The experimental data were analyzed using the distribution coefficient (D) and separation factor (S), and the effect of NMP extracting benzene and toluene from aromatics was explored. Meanwhile, the reason for the different extractionefficiencies of benzene and toluene using NMP was analyzed by quantum chemical calculations. TheNRTL and UNIQUAC thermodynamic models were used to correlate the liquid–liquid equilibrium data,and the relevant binary interaction parameters were obtained. The calculated root mean square deviation(RMSD) were all less than 0.0063, indicating that the obtained binary interaction parameters can be usedto simulate and calculate the extraction of aromatics using NMP.

Self-healing Au/PVDF-HFP composite ionic gel for flexible underwater pressure sensor

Ionic gels can be potentially used in wearable devices owing to their high humidity resistance and non-volatility.However,the applicability of existing ionic gel pressure sensors is limited by their low sensitivity.Therefore,it is very import-ant to develop an ionic gel pressure sensor with high sensitivity and a wide pressure detection range without sacrificing mechan-ical stretchability and self-healing ability.Herein,we report an effective strategy for developing pressure sensors based on ion-ic gel composites consisting of high-molecular-weight polymers,ionic liquids,and Au nanoparticles.The resulting capacitive pressure sensors exhibit high pressure sensitivity,fast response,and excellent self-healing properties.The sensors composed of highly hydrophobic polymers and ionic liquids can be used to track underwater movements,demonstrating broad application prospects in human motion state monitoring and underwater mechanical operations.

FGD5 as a novel prognostic biomarker and its association with immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma

Background:Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)has a poor prognosis with a low 5-year survival rate.Lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)accounts for 50%.Facio-genital dysplasia-5(FGD5),a member of a subfamily of Rho GTPGDP exchange factors,may be a good molecular biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis.Objective:To explore the clinical application of FGD5,the study was designed to investigate the prognosis value of FGD5 expression and its correlation with immune infiltrates in LUAD patients.Methods:Through the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic regression,the correlation between clinical characteristics and FGD5 expression was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier plotter analysis,Cox regression,and a receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were constructed to evaluate the influence of FGD5 on prognosis.The function of FGD5 in lung cancer was analyzed using Gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)and Single Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(ssGSEA).Results:Compared to normal tissues,FGD5 was downregulated in LUAD.FGD5 may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of lung cancer for its association with improved overall survival(OS),progression-free interval(PFI),and disease-specific survival(DSS)in LUAD.Results of functional analysis suggested that FGD5 was involved in the immune response for its association with immune infiltration.Conclusion:FGD5 may be a significant molecular biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis,presenting as an independent prognostic risk factor for LUAD.