National guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer 2022 in China(English version)

Contents 1. Overview 2. Diagnosis and management 2.1 Screening for high-risk group 2.2 Clinical manifestations 2.2.1 Symptoms 2.2.2 Signs 2.2.3 Invasion and metastasis 2.3 Laboratory examination 2.3.1 Routine examination 2.3.2 Special examination 2.4 Imaging 2.4.1 Ultrasonography 2.4.2 Computed tomography (CT)2.4.3 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)2.4.4 Positron emission tomography (PET)-CT。

Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Feasible Neighbourhood Solutions in the Local Search of the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem

The meta-heuristic algorithm with local search is an excellent choice for the job-shop scheduling problem(JSP).However,due to the unique nature of the JSP,local search may generate infeasible neighbourhood solutions.In the existing literature,although some domain knowledge of the JSP can be used to avoid infeasible solutions,the constraint conditions in this domain knowledge are sufficient but not necessary.It may lose many feasible solutions and make the local search inadequate.By analysing the causes of infeasible neighbourhood solutions,this paper further explores the domain knowledge contained in the JSP and proposes the sufficient and necessary constraint conditions to find all feasible neighbourhood solutions,allowing the local search to be carried out thoroughly.With the proposed conditions,a new neighbourhood structure is designed in this paper.Then,a fast calculation method for all feasible neighbourhood solutions is provided,significantly reducing the calculation time compared with ordinary methods.A set of standard benchmark instances is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed neighbourhood structure and calculation method.The experimental results show that the calculation method is effective,and the new neighbourhood structure has more reliability and superiority than the other famous and influential neighbourhood structures,where 90%of the results are the best compared with three other well-known neighbourhood structures.Finally,the result from a tabu search algorithm with the new neighbourhood structure is compared with the current best results,demonstrating the superiority of the proposed neighbourhood structure.

湛江市芋头高产栽培技术要点

随着农业产业结构的调整,广东省湛江市芋头种植规模不断扩大。然而,受栽培技术影响,出现品种退化、品质降低等问题。为提高芋头产量及品质,给当地芋头高产高效栽培提供经验参考,结合湛江市芋头栽培实际情况,主要从选地与整地、选种与处理、播种、田间管理、适时采收等方面总结芋头高产栽培技术要点。

Clinical features and outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on nodal or extranodal primary sites of origin:Analysis of 1,085 WHO classified cases in a single institution in China

Objective: To explore the clinicobiologic features and outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)patients in China according to the primary site.Methods: A total of 1,085 patients diagnosed with DLBCL in National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College during a 6-year period were enrolled. Their clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed according to the primary site.Results: In the 1,085 patients, 679(62.6%) cases were nodal DLBCL(N-DLBCL) and 406 cases(37.4%) were extranodal DLBCL(EN-DLBCL). The most common sites of N-DLBCL were lymphonodus(64.8%), Waldeyer's ring(19.7%), mediastinum(12.8%) and spleen(2.7%), while in EN-DLBCL, stomach(22.4%), intestine(16.0%),nose and sinuses(8.9%), testis(8.4%), skin(7.9%), thyroid(6.9%), central nervous system(CNS)(6.4%), breast(5.7%), bone(3.4%), and salivary gland(2.7%) were most common. N-DLBCL patients tend to present B symptoms, bulky disease, and elevated LDH more often, while age >60 years, extranodal sites >1, Ann Arbor stage I or II, bone marrow involvement, and Ki-67 index >90% were usually seen in EN-DLBCL. The 5-year overall survival(OS) rate and progression-free survival(PFS) rate for all patients were 62.5% and 54.2%. The 5-year OS rate for patients with N-DLBCL and EN-DLBCL were 65.5% and 56.9%(P=0.008), and the 5-year PFS were57.0% and 49.0%(P=0.020). Waldeyer's ring originated DLBCL possessed the highest 5-year OS rate(83.6%) and PFS rate(76.9%) in N-DLBCL. The top five EN-DLBCL subtypes with favorable prognosis were stomach,breast, nose and sinuses, lung, salivary gland, with 5-year OS rate: 70.3%, 69.6%, 69.4%, 66.7% and 63.6%,respectively. While CNS, testis, oral cavity and kidney originated EN-DLBCL faced miserable prognosis, with 5-year OS rate of 26.9%, 38.2%, and 42.9%.Conclusions: In our study, primary sites were associated with clinical characteristics and outcomes. Compared with EN-DLBCL, N-DLBCL had better prognosis.

Clinical features, survival and prognostic factors of primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Objective： To assess the clinical features, survival and prognostic factors of primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma （DLBCL）. Methods： A retrospective study of 37 patients with primary testicular DLBCL was carried out from November 2003 to May 2012. Their clinical features, survival and prognostic factors were analyzed. Results： During a median follow-up period of 39.8 months （5.4-93.0 months）, the median progression-free survival （PFS） was 26.2 months （95% CI：0-65 months） and the 3-year overall survival （OS） rate was 78.4%. Within the whole cohort, the factors significantly associated with a superior PFS were limited stage （stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ）, lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） ≤245 U/L, international prognostic index （IPI） ≤1, primary tumor diameter 〈7.5 cm, and patients who had complete response （CR） and received doxoruhicin-contained chemotherapy （P〈0.05）. There was a trend toward superior outcome for patients who received combined therapy （surgery/ chemotherapy/radiotherapy） （P=0.055）. Patients who had CR, primary tumor diameter 〈7.5 cm and IPI score ≤1 were significantly associated with longer PFS at multivariate analysis. Conclusions： Primary testicular DLBCL had poorer survival. CR, primary tumor diameter and IPI were independent prognostic factors. The combined therapy of orchectomy, doxorubicin-contained chemotherapy and contralateral testicular radiotherapy （RT） seemed to improve survival.

Anomalies in Special Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problems

Recent researches show that there are some anomalies,which are not satisfied with common sense,appearing in some special permutation flow shop scheduling problems(PFSPs).These anomalies can be divided into three different types,such as changing the processing time of some operations,changing the number of total jobs and changing the number of total machines.This paper summarizes these three types of anomalies showing in the special PFSPs and gives some examples to make them better understood.The extended critical path is proposed and the reason why these anomalies happen in special PFSPs is given:anomalies will occur in these special PFSPs when the time of the operations on the reverse critical path changes.After that,the further reason for these anomalies is presented that when any one of these three types of anomalies happens,the original constraint in the special PFSPs is destroyed,which makes the anomalies appear.Finally,the application of these anomalies in production practice is given through examples and also with the possible research directions.The main contribution of this research is analyzing the intial reason why the anomalies appear in special PFSPs and pointing out the application and the possible research directions of all these three types of anomalies.

造山作用孕育“青海金腰带”

青海省境内环绕柴达木盆地周边的金矿床十分发育,是中国金矿的重要产地,素有“金腰带”之称。通过对“青海金腰带”的区域地质、地球物理和地球化学特征分析,认为青海“金腰带”的形成主要受两期造山作用控制。加里东期—华力西期,柴达木陆块向北与欧龙布鲁克陆块碰撞,导致原特提斯洋发生闭合,形成柴北缘滩间山金矿田和赛坝沟金矿床;印支期,巴颜喀拉陆块向北与东昆仑陆块碰撞,导致古特提斯洋发生闭合,形成五龙沟、大场、沟里金矿田和满丈岗金矿床。综合前人研究成果,笔者提出该地区金矿床的形成与壳幔相互作用密切相关,幔源物质对金矿床的成矿流体及成矿物质均具有重要贡献,主要金矿床的时空分布也与基性-超基性岩相关。因此,基性-超基性岩发育的位置是在该地区寻找造山型金矿的有利地段。

雷州市番薯增产提质栽培关键技术

番薯中含有丰富的维生素、矿物质、纤维素等,具有润肠通便、增强免疫力等功效。为进一步提高广东省雷州市番薯种植的产量及品质,从生长环境要求、种植地选择、种苗选择、种植时间与方式、肥水管理、田间管理等方面总结了番薯种植技术要点,并针对雷州市常见的番薯病虫害提出相应的化学防治措施。

青海省骆驼峰地区斑岩型铜钼矿找矿前景分析

东昆仑之祁漫塔格成矿带是一个多金属多类型矿产富集带,是我国新的十大找矿资源潜力地之一.近年来,此带中的斑岩型铜钼矿找矿取得了新突破,成为本区找矿工作的一个新亮点.位于祁漫塔格成矿带东侧之骆驼峰地区有大量的物化探异常,已发现了斑岩型铜钼矿、夕卡岩型铁多金属矿及热液脉型铜铅锌多金属矿,共同构成了斑岩型铜钼矿的岩浆热液成矿系列.通过总结区域及骆驼峰矿区成矿地质特征,分析斑岩型铜钼矿找矿前景,认为该区具有形成斑岩型铜钼矿的良好条件,加大找矿工作力度有望取得较大突破.

中概股回归的原因及对策分析

资本市场的健康发展依赖于完善的规章制度、健全的证券监管法规和树立价值的投资理念,否则,难以为广大投资者创造公平的投资环境,也不能克服因资本逐利本性引起的资本国际自由流动,导致目标资本市场资金供求失衡,股票等金融产品价格剧烈波动。其中,中概股回归引起我国资本市场股票等金融产品价格的剧烈波动,反衬出我国资本市场在制度、法规建设和投资理念等方面,还存在一些缺陷。通过对中概股回归原因及对我国证券市场影响的深入分析,旨在提出促进我国资本市场健康发展的对策性建议。

探讨通过连续护理ICU老年脑卒中患者睡眠效率的影响

目的:探讨对ICU老年脑卒中患者实施连续护理对睡眠效率的影响。方法:选取2017年10月至2019年10月期间福建省立医院重症医学一科收治的老年脑卒中患者60例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予连续护理。分析护理前后SAS评分、SDS评分以及PSQI评分。结果:观察组SAS评分(38.78±3.57)分、SDS评分(38.66±3.43)分、入睡时间为(1.22±0.31)分,睡眠质量(1.19±0.35)分,睡眠时间(1.18±0.35)分,睡眠效率(1.21±0.31)分;对照组SAS评分(45.19±4.77)分、SDS评分(46.04±4.62)分、入睡时间为(1.86±0.44)分,睡眠质量(1.78±0.44)分,睡眠时间(1.77±0.46)分,睡眠效率(1.85±0.45)分,观察组明显低于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对ICU老年脑卒中患者实施连续护理效果较好,可有效改善负面情绪,提高睡眠质量。

定制有机肥施用量对龙岩烤烟生长和产质量的影响

为探讨龙岩烟区最佳定制有机肥施用数量,采用田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法,研究了定制有机肥不同施用量对烤烟云烟87烟叶产量和质量的影响。试验结果表明,不同的定制有机肥用量对烟叶产量和品质有明显影响。综合比较各处理的生育期、农艺和经济性状、外观品质和评吸质量等指标,在龙岩烟区壤土条件下定制有机肥的施用量以150 kg/667 m^(2)为宜,其烤烟产量与质量最佳。

Bmal1对小鼠胚胎期皮层神经元放射状迁移和轴突投射的影响

大脑皮层的发育是脑结构形成与功能建立的重要基础,在此过程中,皮层神经元放射状迁移及胼胝体区的轴突投射是必不可少的关键环节,该环节受基因转录的调控,但相关的分子机制目前仍不明确。转录因子BMAL1(brain and muscle Arnt-likeprotein1)是体内重要的生物钟节律因子之一,最新研究发现其还参与调节海马神经祖细胞增殖,提示其与神经发育存在潜在的相关性。为明确Bmal1基因在大脑皮层发育中的具体作用,本研究首先通过RT-PCR和Real-time PCR检测Bmal1基因在神经系统中的表达情况。结果表明,Bmal1基因在神经系统中表达丰富,并且在发育期的大脑内呈现特定的表达规律:在胚胎后期和出生后早期脑内表达水平相对较高,以出生后第3d为高峰。进一步通过联合使用小鼠子宫内胚胎电转和RNAi干扰方法敲减脑内神经元中Bmal1的表达水平,结果发现胚胎期皮层神经元的放射状迁移发生了延迟,延迟程度与RNAi的敲减效率呈正相关,存在一定的基因剂量?效应关系。进一步观察发现,在胚胎期脑内神经元中降低Bmal1表达水平以后,胼胝体轴突向对侧大脑半球的投射也出现了明显的缺陷。上述研究结果表明,BMAL1是大脑皮层神经元的放射状迁移以及轴突投射发育过程中的一个重要的调控分子,为从转录因子角度深入理解大脑皮层发育的分子调节机制和寻找调控靶点提供了新的线索。

Actualities and Development of Heavy-Duty CNC Machine Tool Thermal Error Monitoring Technology

Thermal error monitoring technology is the key technological support to solve the thermal error problem of heavy-duty CNC （computer numerical control） machine tools. Currently, there are many review literatures intro- ducing the thermal error research of CNC machine tools, but those mainly focus on the thermal issues in small and medium-sized CNC machine tools and seldom introduce thermal error monitoring technologies. This paper gives an overview of the research on the thermal error of CNC machine tools and emphasizes the study of thermal error of the heavy-duty CNC machine tool in three areas. These areas are the causes of thermal error of heavy-duty CNC machine tool and the issues with the temperature moni- toring technology and thermal deformation monitoring technology. A new optical measurement technology called the ＂fiber Bragg grating （FBG） distributed sensing tech- nology＂ for heavy-duty CNC machine tools is introduced in detail. This technology forms an intelligent sensing and monitoring system for heavy-duty CNC machine tools. This paper fills in the blank of this kind of review articlesto guide the development of this industry field and opens up new areas of research on the heavy-duty CNC machine tool thermal error.

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell mobilization following dose-adjusted cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone chemotherapy alone or in combination with rituximab in treating high-risk non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Background: The regimen of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone(CHOP) is an eicient treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL). This study aimed to assess the eicacy and toxicity of dose-adjusted CHOP alone or in combination with rituximab(R-CHOP) by examining the stem cell mobilization in NHL patients. Factors afecting the collection of CD34+ cells were also explored.Methods: Our retrospective study included 39 patients eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation: 14 patients who expressed CD20 and were inancially eligible received R-CHOP for autologous peripheral blood stem cell(APBSC) mobilization; the remaining 25 patients received CHOP.Results: The median CD34+ cell yield was 7.01 × 106 cells/kg body weight(range 1.49–28.39 × 106 cells/kg body weight), with only two patients failing to meet the target CD34+ cell harvest of ber of apheresis procedures per patient was 1(range 1–3). The≥2.0 APBS× 106 cells/kg body weight. The median numC mobilization yield of the CHOP group appeared to be higher than that of the R-CHOP group(P response(CR) rate in = 0.005), whereas the success rate was similar between groups. R-CHOP elevated the completeB cell lymphoma patients as compared with CHOP(P = 0.01). No signiicant diferences in toxicity or engraftment were observed between the two groups.Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that dose-adjusted CHOP chemotherapy efectively mobilized APBSCs in NHL patients and that the addition of rituximab to dose-adjusted CHOP chemotherapy elevated the CR rate for patients with B-cell lymphoma.

Chidamide combined with cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine and prednisone in previously untreated patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma

Objective:Chidamide is an oral histone deacetylase subtype-selective inhibitor approved for relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma(PTCL).This phase 1 b study evaluated the safety,pharmacokinetics,and preliminary efficacy of chidamide in combination with cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine and prednisone(CHOP)for treatment-na?ve PTCL patients.Methods:This study was an open-label,multicenter trial composed of dose escalation and dose expansion.Patients received CHOP for six 21-d cycles and chidamide on d 1,4,8 and 11 in each cycle.Four dose levels of chidamide(20,25,30 and 35 mg)were evaluated.The primary objective was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the combination regimen.Results:A total of 30 patients were evaluated in this study:15 in the dose-escalation part and 15 in the doseexpansion part.In the dose-escalation study,three patients were enrolled in the 35 mg chidamide cohort.One had dose-limiting toxicity with grade 3 vascular access complications,and one had grade 2 neutropenia with a sustained temperature>38°C.Dose escalation was stopped at this chidamide dose level.The most common(≥10%)grade 3 or 4 adverse events(AEs)were leukopenia(90.0%),neutropenia(83.3%),vomiting(13.3%),thrombocytopenia(10.0%)and febrile neutropenia(10.0%).No significant changes in chidamide pharmacokinetic properties were observed before and after combination treatment.The objective response rate for the 28 patients evaluable for preliminary efficacy was 89.3%(25/28),with 16(57.1%)achieving complete response or unconfirmed complete response.The estimated median progression-free survival was 14.0 months.In summary,we chose chidamide 30 mg as the recommended dose for phase 2.Conclusions:The addition of chidamide to standard CHOP chemotherapy was tolerable with promising preliminary efficacy in previously untreated PTCL patients,which supports further clinical studies with this combination regimen for the frontline treatment of PTCL.

Phase I study of chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody in Chinese patients with CD20-positive non-Hodgkin＇s lymphoma

Objective： This study was designed to determine the safety, pharmacokinetics and biologic effects of a humanmouse chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody （SCT400） in Chinese padents with CD20-positive B-cell non- Hodgkin＇s lymphoma （CD20 B-cell NHL）. SCT400 has an identical amino acid sequence as rituximab, with the exception of one amino acid in the CH1 domain of the heavy chain, which is common in Asians. Methods： Fifteen patients with CD20＋ B-cell NHL received dose-escalating SCT400 infusions （250 mg/m2： n=3; 375 mg/m2： n=9; 500 mg/m2： n=3） once weekly for 4 consecutive weeks with a 24-week follow-up period. The data of all patients were collected for pharmacoklnetics and pharmacodynamics analyses. Results： No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Most drug-related adverse events were grade 1 or 2. Two patients had grade 3 or 4 ncutropenia. Under premedication, the drug-related infusion reaction was mild. A rapid, profound and durable depletion of circulating B cells was observed in all dose groups without significant effects on T cell count, natural killer （NK） cell count or immunoglobulin levels. No patient developed anti- SCT400 antibodies during the course of the study. SCT400 serum half-life （Tin）, maximum concentration （Cmax and area under the curve （AUC） generally increased between the first and fourth infusions （P〈0.05）. At the 375 mg/m2 dose, the T1/2 was 122.5±46.7 h vs. 197.0,75.0 11, respectively, and the Cmax was 200.6±20.2 pg/mL vs. 339.1±71.0 ng/mL, respectively. From 250 mg/m2 to 500 mg/m2, the Cmax and AUC increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner （P〈0.05）. Patients with a high tumor burden had markedly lower serum SCT400 concenmations compared with those without or with a low tumor burden. Of the 9 assessable patients, 1 achieved complete response and 2 achieved partial responses. Conclusions; SCT400 is well-tolerated and has encouraging preliminary efficacy in Chinese patients with CD20＋ B-cell NHL.

青海祁漫塔格成矿带骆驼峰铜钼矿床地质特征及成因探讨

骆驼峰铜钼矿床是祁漫塔格成矿带新发现的斑岩型铜钼矿床,位于柴达木盆地西南缘,区内出露地层主要为古元古界金水口岩群片麻岩类;岩浆岩以印支期花岗闪长岩类为主,花岗闪长岩为区内主要含矿岩性;构造以北东向张性断裂为主,为区内主要的控矿构造。区内地表及外围矿体以热液脉型铜多金属矿为主,深部矿体以斑岩型钼矿为主,总体形成以含钼斑岩体为中心的斑岩型钼矿,外围为热液脉型铜多金属矿的岩浆热液成矿系列,从地表向深部总体具绿泥石化—钾化—硅化+绢英岩化的矿化蚀变分带特征,初步建立了"上铜下钼"的成矿模式,今后的找矿思路是加强对斑岩体时空分布、成矿物质来源及成矿对比的研究,进一步建立找矿模型,为祁漫塔格地区乃至东昆仑地区铜钼多金属矿床的找矿拓宽思路。

A multi-center,open-label,randomized,parallel-controlled phase II study comparing pharmacokinetic,pharmacodynamics and safety of ripertamab(SCT400)to rituximab(Mab Thera?)in patients with CD20-positive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Objective:This multi-center,open-label,randomized,parallel-controlled phaseⅡstudy aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics(PK),pharmacodynamics(PD)and safety profile of ripertamab(SCT400),a recombinant antiCD20 monoclonal antibody,to rituximab(MabThera^(■))in patients with CD20-positive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL).Methods:Patients with CD20-positive B-cell NHL who achieved complete remission or unconfirmed complete remission after standard treatment were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive a single dose of ripertamab(375mg/m^(2))or rituximab(MabThera^(■),375 mg/m^(2)).PK was evaluated using area under the concentration-time curve(AUC)from time 0 to d 85(AUC_(0-85d)),AUC from time 0 to week 1(AUC0-1 w),AUC from time 0 to week 2(AUC_(0-2 w)),AUC from time 0 to week 3(AUC_(0-3 w)),AUC from time 0 to week 8(AUC_(0-8 w)),maximum serum concentration(C_(max)),terminal half-life(T_(1/2)),time to maximum serum concentration(T_(max))and clearance(CL).Bioequivalence was confirmed if the 90%confidence interval(90%CI)of the geometric mean ratio of ripertamab/rituximab was within the pre-defined bioequivalence range of 80.0%-125.0%.PD,immunogenicity,and safety were also evaluated.Results:From December 30,2014 to November 24,2015,a total of 84 patients were randomized(ripertamab,n=42;rituximab,n=42)and the PK analysis was performed on 76 patients(ripertamab,n=38;rituximab,n=38).The geometric mean ratios of ripertamab/rituximab for AUC_(0-85d),ATC_(0-inf),and Cmaxwere 96.1%(90%CI:87.6%-105.5%),95.9%(90%CI:86.5%-106.4%)and 97.4%(90%CI:91.6%-103.6%),respectively.All PK parameters met the pre-defined bioequivalence range of 80.0%-125.0%.For PD and safety evaluation,there was no statistical difference in peripheral CD 19-positive B-cell counts and CD20-positive B-cell counts at each visit,and no difference in the incidence of anti-drug antibodies was observed between the two groups.The incidences of treatment-emergent adverse events and treatment-related adverse events were also comparable between the two groups.Conclusions:In this study,the PK,PD,immunogenicity,and safety profile of ripertamab(SCT400)were similar to rituximab(MabThera^(■))in Chinese patients with CD20-positive B-cell NHL.

青海克停哈尔铜锌矿床隐爆角砾岩地球化学及地质意义

克停哈尔铜锌矿床是近年来在东昆仑造山带西段新发现的一处矿床,并且在隐爆角砾岩中发现了锌矿体,为查明隐爆角砾岩成因及与成矿的关系,对隐爆角砾岩进行了主量、微量及稀土元素的分析和研究。研究结果显示,w(SiO_2)为64.13%～66.54%,w(Al_2O_3)为14.55%～15.59%,w(Na_2O+K_2O)为6.29%～7.24%,K_2O/Na_2O比值为0.87～1.17,A/CNK比值为0.971～1.121,属于过铝质高钾钙碱性岩石系列;稀土元素总量中等,轻稀土元素富集,中等负铕异常;富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K)、活泼不相容元素(Th)和轻稀土元素,相对亏损高场强元素(Ta、Nb、Ti、P、HREE),总体反映具壳源为主的花岗岩特征,形成于碰撞造山晚期并开始向陆内造山伸展环境转变,至少存在2期爆破3期成矿,第二期爆破是铅锌矿的主要成矿期。