Co-infection of SARS-COV-2 and Influenza A Virus:A Case Series and Fast Review

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)occurs in the influenza season and has become a global pandemic.The present study aimed to examine severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)co-infection with influenza A virus(IAV)in an attempt to provide clues for the antiviral interventions of co-infected patients.We described two patients who were co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and IAV treated at Wuhan Union Hospital,China.In addition,we performed a review in PubMed,Web of Science and CNKI(from January 1 up to November 1,2020)with combinations of the following key words:“COVID-19,SARS-COV-2,influenza A and co-infection”.A total of 28 co-infected patients were enrolled in the analysis.Of the 28 patients,the median age was 54.5 years(IQR,34.25–67.5)and 14 cases(50.0%)were classified as severe types.The most common symptoms were fever(85.71%),cough(82.14%)and dyspnea(60.71%).Sixteen patients had lymphocytopenia on admission and 23 patients exhibited abnormal radiological changes.The median time from symptom onset to hospital admission was 4 days(IQR,3–6),and the median time of hospital stay was 14 days(IQR,8.5–16.75).In conclusion,patients with SARSCOV-2 and IAV co-infection were similar to those infected with SARS-COV-2 alone in symptoms and radiological images.SARS-COV-2 co-infection with IAV could lead to more severe clinical condition but did not experience longer hospital stay compared with patients infected with SARSCOV-2 alone.

Visual-spatial neglect after right-hemisphere stroke:behavioral and electrophysiological evidence

Background:Visual-spatial neglect (VSN) is a neuropsychological syndrome,and right-hemisphere stroke is the most common cause.The pathogenetic mechanism of VSN remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) changes in patients with or without VSN after right-hemisphere stroke.Methods:Eleven patients with VSN with right-hemisphere stroke (VSN group) and 11 patients with non-VSN with righthemisphere stroke (non-VSN group) were recruited along with one control group of 11 age- and gender-matched healthy participants.The visual-spatial function was evaluated using behavioral tests,and ERP examinations were performed.Results:The response times in the VSN and non-VSN groups were both prolonged compared with those of normal controls (P<0.001).In response to either valid or invalid cues in the left side,the accuracy in the VSN group was lower than that in the non-VSN group (P<0.001),and the accuracy in the non-VSN group was lower than that in controls (P<0.05).The P1 latency in the VSN group was significantly longer than that in the control group (F[2,30]= 5.494,P = 0.009),and the N1 amplitude in the VSN group was significantly lower than that in the control group (F[2,30]= 4.343,P = 0.022).When responding to right targets,the lefthemisphere P300 amplitude in the VSN group was significantly lower than that in the control group (F[2,30]= 4.255,P = 0.025).With either left or right stimuli,the bilateral-hemisphere P300 latencies in the VSN and non-VSN groups were both significantly prolonged (all P<0.05),while the P300 latency did not differ significantly between the VSN and non-VSN groups (all P > 0.05).Conclusions:Visual-spatial attention function is impaired after right-hemisphere stroke,and clinicians should be aware of the subclinical VSN.Our findings provide neuroelectrophysiological evidence for the lateralization of VSN.