Neurological disorders are a diverse group of conditions that affect the nervous system and include neurodegenerative diseases(Alzheimer’s disease,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,Huntington’s disease),cerebr...Neurological disorders are a diverse group of conditions that affect the nervous system and include neurodegenerative diseases(Alzheimer’s disease,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,Huntington’s disease),cerebrovascular conditions(stroke),and neurodevelopmental disorders(autism spectrum disorder).Although they affect millions of individuals around the world,only a limited number of effective treatment options are available today.Since most neurological disorders express mitochondria-related metabolic perturbations,metformin,a biguanide type II antidiabetic drug,has attracted a lot of attention to be repurposed to treat neurological disorders by correcting their perturbed energy metabolism.However,controversial research emerges regarding the beneficial/detrimental effects of metformin on these neurological disorders.Given that most neurological disorders have complex etiology in their pathophysiology and are influenced by various risk factors such as aging,lifestyle,genetics,and environment,it is important to identify perturbed molecular functions that can be targeted by metformin in these neurological disorders.These molecules can then be used as biomarkers to stratify subpopulations of patients who show distinct molecular/pathological properties and can respond to metformin treatment,ultimately developing targeted therapy.In this review,we will discuss mitochondria-related metabolic perturbations and impaired molecular pathways in these neurological disorders and how these can be used as biomarkers to guide metformin-responsive treatment for the targeted therapy to treat neurological disorders.展开更多
Hydraulic-electric rock fragmentation(HERF)plays a significant role in improving the efficiency of high voltage pulse rock breaking.However,the underlying mechanism of HERF remains unclear.In this study,considering th...Hydraulic-electric rock fragmentation(HERF)plays a significant role in improving the efficiency of high voltage pulse rock breaking.However,the underlying mechanism of HERF remains unclear.In this study,considering the heterogeneity of the rock,microscopic thermodynamic properties,and shockwave time domain waveforms,based on the shockwave model,digital imaging technology and the discrete element method,the cyclic loading numerical simulations of HERF is achieved by coupling electrical,thermal,and solid mechanics under different formation temperatures,confining pressure,initial peak voltage,electrode bit diameter,and loading times.Meanwhile,the HERF discharge system is conducive to the laboratory experiments with various electrical parameters and the resulting broken pits are numerically reconstructed to obtain the geometric parameters.The results show that,the completely broken area consists of powdery rock debris.In the pre-broken zone,the mineral cementation of the rock determines the transition of type CⅠcracks to type CⅡand type CⅢcracks.Furthermore,the peak pressure of the shockwave increased with initial peak voltage but decreased with electrode bit diameter,while the wave front time reduced.Moreover,increasing well depth,formation temperature and confining pressure augment and inhibit HERF,but once confining pressure surpassed the threshold of 60 MPa for 152.40,215.90,and 228.60 mm electrode bits,and 40 MPa for 309.88 mm electrode bits,HERF is promoted.Additionally,for the same kind of rock,the volume and width of the broken pit increase with higher initial peak voltage and rock fissures will promote HERF.Eventually,the electrode drill bit with a 215.90 mm diameter is more suitable for drilling pink granite.This research contributes to a better microscopic understanding of HERF and provides valuable insights for electrode bit selection,as well as the optimization of circuit parameters for HERF technology.展开更多
Achievement of a‘clinical cure’in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)implies sustained virological suppression and immunological control over the infection,which is the ideal treatment goal according to domestic and internatio...Achievement of a‘clinical cure’in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)implies sustained virological suppression and immunological control over the infection,which is the ideal treatment goal according to domestic and international CHB management guidelines.Clinical practice has shown encouraging results for specific patient cohorts using tailored treatment regimens.These regimens incorporate either nucleos(t)ide analogs,immunomodulatory agents such as pegylated interferonα,or a strategic combination of both,sequentially or concurrently administered.Despite these advancements in the clinical handling of hepatitis B,achieving a clinical cure remains elusive for a considerable subset of patients due to the number of challenges that preclude the realization of optimal treatment outcomes.These include,but are not limited to,the emergence of antiviral resistance,incomplete immune recovery,and the persistence of covalently closed circular DNA.Moreover,the variance in response to interferon therapy and the lack of definitive biomarkers for treatment cessation also contribute to the complexity of achieving a clinical cure.This article briefly overviews the current research progress and existing issues in pursuing a clinical cure for hepatitis B.展开更多
The synthesis of emotional speech has wide applications in the field of human-computer interaction, medicine, industry and so on. In this work, an emotional speech synthesis system is proposed based on prosodic featur...The synthesis of emotional speech has wide applications in the field of human-computer interaction, medicine, industry and so on. In this work, an emotional speech synthesis system is proposed based on prosodic features modification and Time Domain Pitch Synchronous OverLap Add (TD-PSOLA) waveform concatenative algorithm. The system produces synthesized speech with four types of emotion: angry, happy, sad and bored. The experiment results show that the proposed emotional speech synthesis system achieves a good performance. The produced utterances present clear emotional expression. The subjective test reaches high classification accuracy for different types of synthesized emotional speech utterances.展开更多
The Abra deposit,a large lead-silver-copper–gold polymetallic deposit in Western Australia,is located at the eastern of the metallogenic belt of the Jillawarra basin in the Bangemall basin.The 4 th to the 6 th rock s...The Abra deposit,a large lead-silver-copper–gold polymetallic deposit in Western Australia,is located at the eastern of the metallogenic belt of the Jillawarra basin in the Bangemall basin.The 4 th to the 6 th rock section of the Irrigully Group of Edmund Series are the principal ore-host strata,composed mainly of sandstone and fine sandstone.The orebody in Abra can be classified into two types as upper layer-like lead-silver and lower veins or netvein copper–gold.The metal minerals are mainly galena,chalcopyrite,and pyrite,while the gangue minerals are mainly quartz,dolomite,and barite.Both ReOs isotopic age of the pyrite(1329.5±98 Ma)with the initial(187Os/188Os)=5.0±3.8 and Pb isotopic compositions(206 Pb/204 Pb=15.914–15.967,207Pb/204Pb=15.425–15.454,208Pb/204Pb=35.584–35.667)suggests that the metal minerals were sourced from the wall-rocks.d DV-SMOWvalues of quartz range from-35%to-17%whereas d18 OV-SMOWvalue range from 12%to 16%which indicates that the ore-forming fluids of Abra were mediumlow temperature and medium–low salinity,and were mainly metamorphic water and secondary atmospheric precipitation.When the medium–low temperature oreforming fluids are mixed with oxidizing reducing fluids carrying a large number of metal substances,a large number of ore-forming substances will be precipitated when the physical and chemical conditions change,thus it can be considered that the Abra deposit is a medium–low temperature hydrothermal polymetallic deposit.展开更多
In recent years, shortage of nurses, high turnover rate, low self-worth, and team instability have become increasingly serious. With the development of positive psychology, more and more nursing managers have begun to...In recent years, shortage of nurses, high turnover rate, low self-worth, and team instability have become increasingly serious. With the development of positive psychology, more and more nursing managers have begun to attach great importance to the mental health of nurses. Self-esteem, as one of the core indicators of individual mental health, has received extensive attention from researchers in different fields since its inception. This paper reviews and summarizes the research status and development trends of nurses' selfesteem considering the aspects of self-esteem as a concept, assessment tools, significance, and intervention methods. At the same time, it also puts forward problems that need to be solved by undertaking research into nurses' self-esteem, in order to provide a reference for further studies on nurses' self-esteem.展开更多
Lily(Lilium spp.)is an important horticultural crop,but its use is limited due to serious pollen contamination problems.There are many studies on pollen development in model plants,but few on flower crops such as lili...Lily(Lilium spp.)is an important horticultural crop,but its use is limited due to serious pollen contamination problems.There are many studies on pollen development in model plants,but few on flower crops such as lilies.Gibberellin(GA)is a large class of hormones and plays an important role in plant vegetative growth and reproductive development.GAMYB is a group of the R2R3-MYB family upregulated by gibberellin,and plays an important role in anther development.Here,we isolated a novel GAMYB,named LoMYB65,from lily,which was closely related to the AtMYB65 and AtMYB33 in Arabidopsis.Fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that LoMYB65 was mainly expressed in lily anthers.LoMYB65 could be activated by 288μmol·L^(-1)GA3treatment and the LoMYB65 protein was located in the nucleus and cytoplasm,and had transactivation in yeast and tobacco leaf cells.The conserved motif within 226 amino acids of the C-terminal of LoMYB65 contributed to its transactivation.Overexpression of LoMYB65 caused dwarf phenotype,unnormal tapetum development,less seeds of siliques in transgenic Arabidopsis plants,the transgenic plants showed partly male sterile.Simultaneously,silencing of LoMYB65 with VIGS(Virus Induced Gene Silencing)in lily anthers caused unnormal pollen development and reduced the pollen amount.Overexpression of LoMYB65 in Arabidopsis and silencing of LoMYB65 in lily resulted in decreased pollen counts,so we speculate that LoMYB65 may be dose-dependent.Overall,these findings suggest that LoMYB65 may play an important role in anther development and pollen formation in lily.LoMYB65 may provide a useful candidate gene for pollenless breeding of lily.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the value of whole-body diffusion weighted imaging （WB-DWI） on detection of malignant metastasis. Methods Forty-six patients with malignant tumors underwent WB-DWI examinations between April 20...Objective To evaluate the value of whole-body diffusion weighted imaging （WB-DWI） on detection of malignant metastasis. Methods Forty-six patients with malignant tumors underwent WB-DWI examinations between April 2007 and August 2007 in our hospital. Before WB-DWI examination, the primary cancers of all the patients were confirmed by pathology, and the TNM-stage was assessed with conventional magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） or computed tomography （CT）. WB-DWI was performed using short TI inversion recovery echo-planar imaging （STIR-EPI） sequence. Abnormal high signal intensities on WB-DWI were considered as metastases. The results of WB-DWI were compared with other imaging modalities. For the assessment of the diagnostic capability of WB-DWI, WB-DWI were compared with CT for demonstrating mediastinal lymph node metastases and lung metastases, and with conventional MRI for demonstrating metastases in other locations. Results WB-DWI demonstrated 143 focuses, 14 routine imaging. The number of bone metastases depicted of which were diagnosed to be benign lesions in on WB-DWI and routine imaging was 85 and 86; lymph node metastases was 17 and 18; liver metastases was 14 and 14; lung metastases was 4 and 8; and brain metastases was 6 and 8, respectively. WB-DWI failed to detect 12 metastatic lesions including 3 osteoplastic bone metastases, 4 lung metastases, 3 mediastinal lymph node metastases, and 2 brain metastases Four metastatic lesions including 2 deltopectoral lymph nodes and 2 rib metastases were detected with WB-DWI alone, all of which evolved greatly during clinical follow-up for more than 6 months. WB-DWI had higher detection rates for metastatic lesions in liver, bone, and lymph nodes than those in lung and brain （ X^2=30, P〈0.001）. Conclusions WB-DWI could detect most of metastatic lesions that were diagnosed with conventional MRI and CT. The limitations of WB-DWI might be had high false-positive rate and low efficiency in detecting mecliastinal lymph node, brain, and lung metastases.展开更多
Objective:To identify the anti-depressive effect of ferulic acid(FA)in mice exposed to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and explore its molecular mechanisms.Methods:The mice were divided into 5 groups as follows:Control,LPS,LPS...Objective:To identify the anti-depressive effect of ferulic acid(FA)in mice exposed to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and explore its molecular mechanisms.Methods:The mice were divided into 5 groups as follows:Control,LPS,LPS+SP,LPS+FA,and LPS+FA+anisomycin.The LPS+FA and LPS+FA+anisomycin groups were administered with FA(100 mg/kg,i.p.)once daily continuously for 7 days,and the other groups received an equivalent volume of saline.On the 7 th day,LPS(0.1 mg/m L,i.p.)was injected in all mice except the control group 30 min after FA or saline administration.The LPS+SP and LPS+FA+anisomycin groups were intravenously administered with SP600125[c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)inhibitor](100μL/site,i.v.)and anisomycin(JNK activator)(100μL/site,i.v.)15 min before LPS,respectively.The depressive behaviors were assessed by open field test,sucrose preference test,and forced swimming test at 24 h post-LPS administration.Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)levels in plasma were measured by ELISA.The levels of phospho-JNK,TNF-α,IL-1β,Bcl-2,Bax,cytochrome c and caspase-3 were evaluated by Western blotting.Results:FA alleviated depression symptoms caused by LPS in mice,including increasing sucrose water consumption in sucrose preference test and reducing the immobility time in forced swimming test.FA could inhibit upregulated levels of phospho-JNK,TNF-α,and IL-1β.FA also markedly decreased Bax,caspase-3,and cytochrome c,and increased Bcl-2 levels.Besides,SP600125 showed neuroprotective effect similar to FA which was attenuated by anisomycin.Conclusions:FA attenuates inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting LPS-induced activation of JNK to alleviate depressionlike behaviors.展开更多
This paper discusses the reservoir space in carbonate rocks in terms of types,combination features,distribution regularity,and controlling factors,based on core observations and tests of the North Truva Oilfield,Caspi...This paper discusses the reservoir space in carbonate rocks in terms of types,combination features,distribution regularity,and controlling factors,based on core observations and tests of the North Truva Oilfield,Caspian Basin.According to the reservoir space combinations,carbonate reservoirs can be divided into four types,i.e.,pore,fracture-pore,pore-cavity-fracture,and pore-cavity.Formation and distribution of these reservoirs is strongly controlled by deposition,diagenesis,and tectonism.In evaporated platform and restricted platform facies,the reservoirs are predominately affected by meteoric fresh water leaching in the supergene-para-syngenetic period and by uplifting and erosion in the late stage,making both platform facies contain all the above-mentioned four types of reservoirs,with various pores,such as dissolved cavities and dissolved fractures,or structural fractures occasionally in favorable structural locations.In open platform facies,the reservoirs deposited continuously in deeper water,in an environment of alternative high-energy shoals（where pore-fracture-type reservoirs are dominant） and low-energy shoals（where pore reservoirs are dominant）.展开更多
The large plastic produced by human production and life is degraded into micro-plastics in the environment. Micro-plastics are harmful to organisms and the environment. In order to determine the hazards of micro-plast...The large plastic produced by human production and life is degraded into micro-plastics in the environment. Micro-plastics are harmful to organisms and the environment. In order to determine the hazards of micro-plastic pollution, zebrafish embryos were used as the tested organism, and 0.6-1.0 μm polystyrene micro-plastic was used to carry out embryo exposure experiment. The toxic effects of polystyrene plastic particles on zebrafish embryos were investigated comprehensively, and the toxicity was evaluated. The results of this study showed that 0.6-1.0 μm polystyrene micro-plastic had certain toxicity on zebrafish embryos, and it had a lethal effect when the concentration reached 250 mg/L; 25 mg/L 0.6-1.0 μm polystyrene particles can cause cyrtosis and pericardial edema of zebrafish embryos and other non-lethal toxic effects; and 250 and 1 000 mg/L exposure concentration can slow down heart rate. A hazard evaluation index system of polystyrene particles to zebrafish embryos was established, and it is determined that the exposure to 250 mg/L or lower concentration of polystyrene particles has slight hazard.展开更多
文摘Neurological disorders are a diverse group of conditions that affect the nervous system and include neurodegenerative diseases(Alzheimer’s disease,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,Huntington’s disease),cerebrovascular conditions(stroke),and neurodevelopmental disorders(autism spectrum disorder).Although they affect millions of individuals around the world,only a limited number of effective treatment options are available today.Since most neurological disorders express mitochondria-related metabolic perturbations,metformin,a biguanide type II antidiabetic drug,has attracted a lot of attention to be repurposed to treat neurological disorders by correcting their perturbed energy metabolism.However,controversial research emerges regarding the beneficial/detrimental effects of metformin on these neurological disorders.Given that most neurological disorders have complex etiology in their pathophysiology and are influenced by various risk factors such as aging,lifestyle,genetics,and environment,it is important to identify perturbed molecular functions that can be targeted by metformin in these neurological disorders.These molecules can then be used as biomarkers to stratify subpopulations of patients who show distinct molecular/pathological properties and can respond to metformin treatment,ultimately developing targeted therapy.In this review,we will discuss mitochondria-related metabolic perturbations and impaired molecular pathways in these neurological disorders and how these can be used as biomarkers to guide metformin-responsive treatment for the targeted therapy to treat neurological disorders.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034006,52004229,52225401,and 52274231)the Regional Innovation Cooperation Project of Sichuan Province(No.2022YFQ0059)+3 种基金Science and Technology Cooperation Project of the CNPC-SWPU Innovation Alliance(No.2020CX040301)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2023NSFSC0431)Science and Technology Strategic Cooperation Project between Nanchong City and Southwest Petroleum University(No.SXHZ004)Research and innovation Fund for Graduate Students of Southwest Petroleum University(No.2022KYCX058).
文摘Hydraulic-electric rock fragmentation(HERF)plays a significant role in improving the efficiency of high voltage pulse rock breaking.However,the underlying mechanism of HERF remains unclear.In this study,considering the heterogeneity of the rock,microscopic thermodynamic properties,and shockwave time domain waveforms,based on the shockwave model,digital imaging technology and the discrete element method,the cyclic loading numerical simulations of HERF is achieved by coupling electrical,thermal,and solid mechanics under different formation temperatures,confining pressure,initial peak voltage,electrode bit diameter,and loading times.Meanwhile,the HERF discharge system is conducive to the laboratory experiments with various electrical parameters and the resulting broken pits are numerically reconstructed to obtain the geometric parameters.The results show that,the completely broken area consists of powdery rock debris.In the pre-broken zone,the mineral cementation of the rock determines the transition of type CⅠcracks to type CⅡand type CⅢcracks.Furthermore,the peak pressure of the shockwave increased with initial peak voltage but decreased with electrode bit diameter,while the wave front time reduced.Moreover,increasing well depth,formation temperature and confining pressure augment and inhibit HERF,but once confining pressure surpassed the threshold of 60 MPa for 152.40,215.90,and 228.60 mm electrode bits,and 40 MPa for 309.88 mm electrode bits,HERF is promoted.Additionally,for the same kind of rock,the volume and width of the broken pit increase with higher initial peak voltage and rock fissures will promote HERF.Eventually,the electrode drill bit with a 215.90 mm diameter is more suitable for drilling pink granite.This research contributes to a better microscopic understanding of HERF and provides valuable insights for electrode bit selection,as well as the optimization of circuit parameters for HERF technology.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023,No:2023YFC2308100.
文摘Achievement of a‘clinical cure’in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)implies sustained virological suppression and immunological control over the infection,which is the ideal treatment goal according to domestic and international CHB management guidelines.Clinical practice has shown encouraging results for specific patient cohorts using tailored treatment regimens.These regimens incorporate either nucleos(t)ide analogs,immunomodulatory agents such as pegylated interferonα,or a strategic combination of both,sequentially or concurrently administered.Despite these advancements in the clinical handling of hepatitis B,achieving a clinical cure remains elusive for a considerable subset of patients due to the number of challenges that preclude the realization of optimal treatment outcomes.These include,but are not limited to,the emergence of antiviral resistance,incomplete immune recovery,and the persistence of covalently closed circular DNA.Moreover,the variance in response to interferon therapy and the lack of definitive biomarkers for treatment cessation also contribute to the complexity of achieving a clinical cure.This article briefly overviews the current research progress and existing issues in pursuing a clinical cure for hepatitis B.
文摘The synthesis of emotional speech has wide applications in the field of human-computer interaction, medicine, industry and so on. In this work, an emotional speech synthesis system is proposed based on prosodic features modification and Time Domain Pitch Synchronous OverLap Add (TD-PSOLA) waveform concatenative algorithm. The system produces synthesized speech with four types of emotion: angry, happy, sad and bored. The experiment results show that the proposed emotional speech synthesis system achieves a good performance. The produced utterances present clear emotional expression. The subjective test reaches high classification accuracy for different types of synthesized emotional speech utterances.
基金funded by the Joint Fund Projects(U1812402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41103024)the“Financial Subsidy for Overseas Mineral Resource Risk Exploration in 2010”project。
文摘The Abra deposit,a large lead-silver-copper–gold polymetallic deposit in Western Australia,is located at the eastern of the metallogenic belt of the Jillawarra basin in the Bangemall basin.The 4 th to the 6 th rock section of the Irrigully Group of Edmund Series are the principal ore-host strata,composed mainly of sandstone and fine sandstone.The orebody in Abra can be classified into two types as upper layer-like lead-silver and lower veins or netvein copper–gold.The metal minerals are mainly galena,chalcopyrite,and pyrite,while the gangue minerals are mainly quartz,dolomite,and barite.Both ReOs isotopic age of the pyrite(1329.5±98 Ma)with the initial(187Os/188Os)=5.0±3.8 and Pb isotopic compositions(206 Pb/204 Pb=15.914–15.967,207Pb/204Pb=15.425–15.454,208Pb/204Pb=35.584–35.667)suggests that the metal minerals were sourced from the wall-rocks.d DV-SMOWvalues of quartz range from-35%to-17%whereas d18 OV-SMOWvalue range from 12%to 16%which indicates that the ore-forming fluids of Abra were mediumlow temperature and medium–low salinity,and were mainly metamorphic water and secondary atmospheric precipitation.When the medium–low temperature oreforming fluids are mixed with oxidizing reducing fluids carrying a large number of metal substances,a large number of ore-forming substances will be precipitated when the physical and chemical conditions change,thus it can be considered that the Abra deposit is a medium–low temperature hydrothermal polymetallic deposit.
文摘In recent years, shortage of nurses, high turnover rate, low self-worth, and team instability have become increasingly serious. With the development of positive psychology, more and more nursing managers have begun to attach great importance to the mental health of nurses. Self-esteem, as one of the core indicators of individual mental health, has received extensive attention from researchers in different fields since its inception. This paper reviews and summarizes the research status and development trends of nurses' selfesteem considering the aspects of self-esteem as a concept, assessment tools, significance, and intervention methods. At the same time, it also puts forward problems that need to be solved by undertaking research into nurses' self-esteem, in order to provide a reference for further studies on nurses' self-esteem.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200500)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(KYZZ2022004)+1 种基金the Project for Crop Germplasm Resources Conservation of Jiangsu(2021-SJ-011)the High Level Talent Project of the Top Six Talents in Jiangsu(NY-077)。
文摘Lily(Lilium spp.)is an important horticultural crop,but its use is limited due to serious pollen contamination problems.There are many studies on pollen development in model plants,but few on flower crops such as lilies.Gibberellin(GA)is a large class of hormones and plays an important role in plant vegetative growth and reproductive development.GAMYB is a group of the R2R3-MYB family upregulated by gibberellin,and plays an important role in anther development.Here,we isolated a novel GAMYB,named LoMYB65,from lily,which was closely related to the AtMYB65 and AtMYB33 in Arabidopsis.Fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that LoMYB65 was mainly expressed in lily anthers.LoMYB65 could be activated by 288μmol·L^(-1)GA3treatment and the LoMYB65 protein was located in the nucleus and cytoplasm,and had transactivation in yeast and tobacco leaf cells.The conserved motif within 226 amino acids of the C-terminal of LoMYB65 contributed to its transactivation.Overexpression of LoMYB65 caused dwarf phenotype,unnormal tapetum development,less seeds of siliques in transgenic Arabidopsis plants,the transgenic plants showed partly male sterile.Simultaneously,silencing of LoMYB65 with VIGS(Virus Induced Gene Silencing)in lily anthers caused unnormal pollen development and reduced the pollen amount.Overexpression of LoMYB65 in Arabidopsis and silencing of LoMYB65 in lily resulted in decreased pollen counts,so we speculate that LoMYB65 may be dose-dependent.Overall,these findings suggest that LoMYB65 may play an important role in anther development and pollen formation in lily.LoMYB65 may provide a useful candidate gene for pollenless breeding of lily.
文摘Objective To evaluate the value of whole-body diffusion weighted imaging （WB-DWI） on detection of malignant metastasis. Methods Forty-six patients with malignant tumors underwent WB-DWI examinations between April 2007 and August 2007 in our hospital. Before WB-DWI examination, the primary cancers of all the patients were confirmed by pathology, and the TNM-stage was assessed with conventional magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） or computed tomography （CT）. WB-DWI was performed using short TI inversion recovery echo-planar imaging （STIR-EPI） sequence. Abnormal high signal intensities on WB-DWI were considered as metastases. The results of WB-DWI were compared with other imaging modalities. For the assessment of the diagnostic capability of WB-DWI, WB-DWI were compared with CT for demonstrating mediastinal lymph node metastases and lung metastases, and with conventional MRI for demonstrating metastases in other locations. Results WB-DWI demonstrated 143 focuses, 14 routine imaging. The number of bone metastases depicted of which were diagnosed to be benign lesions in on WB-DWI and routine imaging was 85 and 86; lymph node metastases was 17 and 18; liver metastases was 14 and 14; lung metastases was 4 and 8; and brain metastases was 6 and 8, respectively. WB-DWI failed to detect 12 metastatic lesions including 3 osteoplastic bone metastases, 4 lung metastases, 3 mediastinal lymph node metastases, and 2 brain metastases Four metastatic lesions including 2 deltopectoral lymph nodes and 2 rib metastases were detected with WB-DWI alone, all of which evolved greatly during clinical follow-up for more than 6 months. WB-DWI had higher detection rates for metastatic lesions in liver, bone, and lymph nodes than those in lung and brain （ X^2=30, P〈0.001）. Conclusions WB-DWI could detect most of metastatic lesions that were diagnosed with conventional MRI and CT. The limitations of WB-DWI might be had high false-positive rate and low efficiency in detecting mecliastinal lymph node, brain, and lung metastases.
基金supported by the Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province(YY-042)Xuzhou Science&Technology Plan Project(KC16SG250)
文摘Objective:To identify the anti-depressive effect of ferulic acid(FA)in mice exposed to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and explore its molecular mechanisms.Methods:The mice were divided into 5 groups as follows:Control,LPS,LPS+SP,LPS+FA,and LPS+FA+anisomycin.The LPS+FA and LPS+FA+anisomycin groups were administered with FA(100 mg/kg,i.p.)once daily continuously for 7 days,and the other groups received an equivalent volume of saline.On the 7 th day,LPS(0.1 mg/m L,i.p.)was injected in all mice except the control group 30 min after FA or saline administration.The LPS+SP and LPS+FA+anisomycin groups were intravenously administered with SP600125[c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)inhibitor](100μL/site,i.v.)and anisomycin(JNK activator)(100μL/site,i.v.)15 min before LPS,respectively.The depressive behaviors were assessed by open field test,sucrose preference test,and forced swimming test at 24 h post-LPS administration.Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)levels in plasma were measured by ELISA.The levels of phospho-JNK,TNF-α,IL-1β,Bcl-2,Bax,cytochrome c and caspase-3 were evaluated by Western blotting.Results:FA alleviated depression symptoms caused by LPS in mice,including increasing sucrose water consumption in sucrose preference test and reducing the immobility time in forced swimming test.FA could inhibit upregulated levels of phospho-JNK,TNF-α,and IL-1β.FA also markedly decreased Bax,caspase-3,and cytochrome c,and increased Bcl-2 levels.Besides,SP600125 showed neuroprotective effect similar to FA which was attenuated by anisomycin.Conclusions:FA attenuates inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting LPS-induced activation of JNK to alleviate depressionlike behaviors.
基金supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project (No.2016ZX05030002)
文摘This paper discusses the reservoir space in carbonate rocks in terms of types,combination features,distribution regularity,and controlling factors,based on core observations and tests of the North Truva Oilfield,Caspian Basin.According to the reservoir space combinations,carbonate reservoirs can be divided into four types,i.e.,pore,fracture-pore,pore-cavity-fracture,and pore-cavity.Formation and distribution of these reservoirs is strongly controlled by deposition,diagenesis,and tectonism.In evaporated platform and restricted platform facies,the reservoirs are predominately affected by meteoric fresh water leaching in the supergene-para-syngenetic period and by uplifting and erosion in the late stage,making both platform facies contain all the above-mentioned four types of reservoirs,with various pores,such as dissolved cavities and dissolved fractures,or structural fractures occasionally in favorable structural locations.In open platform facies,the reservoirs deposited continuously in deeper water,in an environment of alternative high-energy shoals（where pore-fracture-type reservoirs are dominant） and low-energy shoals（where pore reservoirs are dominant）.
基金Supported by Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program Project of Students in Hainan Medical University(HYCX2016040)Program of Hainan Association for Science and Technology Plans to Youth R&D Innovation(2015013)
文摘The large plastic produced by human production and life is degraded into micro-plastics in the environment. Micro-plastics are harmful to organisms and the environment. In order to determine the hazards of micro-plastic pollution, zebrafish embryos were used as the tested organism, and 0.6-1.0 μm polystyrene micro-plastic was used to carry out embryo exposure experiment. The toxic effects of polystyrene plastic particles on zebrafish embryos were investigated comprehensively, and the toxicity was evaluated. The results of this study showed that 0.6-1.0 μm polystyrene micro-plastic had certain toxicity on zebrafish embryos, and it had a lethal effect when the concentration reached 250 mg/L; 25 mg/L 0.6-1.0 μm polystyrene particles can cause cyrtosis and pericardial edema of zebrafish embryos and other non-lethal toxic effects; and 250 and 1 000 mg/L exposure concentration can slow down heart rate. A hazard evaluation index system of polystyrene particles to zebrafish embryos was established, and it is determined that the exposure to 250 mg/L or lower concentration of polystyrene particles has slight hazard.
