Effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction on the Behavior of Zebrafish with Alzheimer's Disease

[Objectives]To study the effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction on the behavior of zebrafish with Alzheimer's disease caused by AlCl 3.[Methods]Each portion of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction was prepared according to the proportion of Coptis chinensis∶Phellodendron chinense Rupr.∶Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi∶Gardenia jasminoides Ellis=63 g∶42 g∶42 g∶63 g.After that,each portion of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction was soaked in 6.3 L water for 30 min and boiled twice at 100℃.The extracts were combined twice and filtered,then concentrated to 308 g/L and put into refrigerator for later use.Before training,zebrafishes were put into T-maze to adapt for 2 d,and then behavioral training was carried out for 7 d.After video recording,the behavior of zebrafish was analyzed by Smart 3.0,and qualified zebrafishes were selected for follow-up experiments.Then 60 successfully trained zebrafishes were randomly divided into control group,model group,positive group,low-dose group,medium-dose group and high-dose group of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction.Except for the control group,all the other groups were exposed to 100μg/L AlCl 3 for 7 d.After that,video was recorded,and behavioral analysis was carried out with behavioral record and analysis software Smart 3.0.And then the zebrafishes in the other four groups except the model group were treated with Huperzine A(4μg/L)and Huanglian Jiedu Decoction(154,308,616 mg/L)for 6 d,respectively.After that,it was recorded and the behavior of each group was analyzed.[Results]There was a significant difference in the time spent in the left area and the percentage of time in the left area between the control group and the model group(P<0.001).The time spent in the left area and the percentage of time in the left area in the model group and positive group,low,medium and high dose groups of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction decreased significantly(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001).The swimming distance in the left area and the percentage of swimming distance in the left area in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.001).There was a significant difference in swimming distance between model group and positive group,low,medium and high dose groups of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction(P<0.01,P<0.001).In the percentage of swimming distance in the left area,there was a significant difference between the model group and the low and high dose groups of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction(P<0.01,P<0.001).[Conclusions]Huanglian Jiedu Decoction can improve the behavior of zebrafish with Alzheimer's disease.

Effects of Rhynchophylline on Learning and Memory of Alzheimer's Disease Zebrafish

[Objectives]To investigate the effect of rhynchophylline on the behavior of Alzheimer's disease zebrafish induced by aluminum trichloride(AlCl3),to provide theoretical basis for the development and application of rhynchophylline in the field of Alzheimer's disease.[Methods]The video recording was made on zebrafish before training,so as to judge whether zebrafish training was successful or not.After training zebrafish for 7 d,60 zebrafish were randomly divided into 6 groups:blank group,model group,positive group,low-dose rhynchophylline group,medium-dose rhynchophylline group and high-dose rhynchophylline group.The blank group was video-recorded,while the model group,positive group,low-dose group,medium-dose group and high-dose group were exposed to AlCl3 for modelling.After the end,the model group was video-recorded,and the other groups were given drug intervention.Both the positive group and the rhynchophylline group were given drug for 6 d,and finally all the groups were video-recorded.After all the videos were finished,the behavioral analysis was carried out by using the behavioral record analysis software smart3.0,and the conclusion was drawn by analyzing the data.[Results]The data of length of stay of zebrafish in red short arm area of 6 groups were compared and analyzed:there was a significant difference between blank group and model group(P<0.05),and there was a significant difference between model group and positive group,medium-dose group or high-dose group(P<0.05).The percentage of time spent in the red short arm area of 6 groups of zebrafish was compared and analyzed:there was a significant difference between blank group and model group(P<0.05),and there was a significant difference between model group and positive group,medium-dose group or high-dose group(P<0.05).The data of swimming distance of 6 groups of zebrafish in red short arm area were compared and analyzed:there was no significant difference between the blank group and the model group(P>0.05),but there was only significant difference between the model group and the high-dose group(P<0.05).The percentage of swimming distance of zebrafish in the red short arm area of the six groups was compared and analyzed:there was a significant difference between the blank group and the model group(P<0.05),and there were significant differences between model group and positive group,medium-dose group or high-dose group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Rhynchophylline can improve the behavior of Alzheimer's disease zebrafish.

Application of Intravenous Indwelling Needle in Undergraduate's Pharmacology Teaching Experiment

In this study,an intravenous indwelling needle was placed in the central artery of rabbit ear for collecting blood.The results show that this method greatly improves the success rate of blood sampling and well controls the experimental time.The students'unanimous feedback was that the method is simple and easy to operate,which is of great help to the stability of the experimental results.

Akt Inhibitor Perifosine Prevents Epileptogenesis in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Accumulating data have revealed that abnormal activity of the mTOR(mammalian target of rapamycin)pathway plays an important role in epileptogenesis triggered by various factors. We previously reported that pretreatment with perifosine, an inhibitor of Akt(also called protein kinase B), abolishes the rapamycin-induced paradoxical increase of S6 phosphorylation in a rat model induced by kainic acid(KA). Since Akt is an upstream target in the mTOR signaling pathway, we set out to determine whether perifosine has a preventive effect on epileptogenesis. Here, we explored the effect of perifosine on the model of temporal epilepsy induced by KA in rats and found that pretreatment with perifosine had no effect on the severity or duration of the KA-induced status epilepticus. However, perifosine almost completely inhibited the activation of p-Akt and p-S6 both acutely and chronically following the KA-induced status epilepticus.Perifosine pretreatment suppressed the KA-induced neuronal death and mossy fiber sprouting. The frequency of spontaneous seizures was markedly decreased in rats pretreated with perifosine. Accordingly, rats pretreated with perifosine showed mild impairment in cognitive functions. Collectively, this study provides novel evidence in a KA seizure model that perifosine may be a potential drug for use in anti-epileptogenic therapy.