Histological and Ultrastructural Features for Proliferation Inhibition by Delivery of Exogenous p27^(Kip1) to Rabbit Models after Glaucoma Filtration Surgery

Purpose: To investigate postoperative inhibition of cell proliferation in animals treated with exogenous p27Kip1 during an experimental glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS) by histological and ultrastructural examinations. Methods:The primer was designed according to p27Kip1 gene sequence of GenBank..The p27Kip1-expressing adenovirus-mediated Ad-p27 was constructed according to standard techniques..Gene therapy was performed by subconjunctival delivery of Ad-p27,mitomycin C(MMC) and PBS served as controls..Histological and ultastructural changes at surgical sites were observed for 28 days postoperatively. Results: Histologically, evident cellular proliferation induced by Ad-p27 was observed on day 7,.with appreciable filtering cavity. However, thin conjunctival layers were noted, and the number of fibroblasts decreased in the Tenon's capsule on day 14. On day 28, the filtering cavity partially disappeared. The histological features of the animals with MMC delivery were similar to those treated by Ad-p27..In contrast,.in the PBS treatment group, thick conjunctival layers were observed, and the number of goblet cells and fibroblasts, increased markedly..The filtering cavity disappeared at postoperative day 21. Twenty eight day postoperatively,.ultrastructural findings showed that most conjunctival epithelial cells in the Ad-p27 treatment group were under static state,.and that organelles were inactive. The number of goblet cells,.and the secretion of mucin,.were decreased..The amount of fibroblasts also decreased with partial apoptotic cells. The ultrastructural features presented by rabbits with the MMC delivery resembled those treated with Ad-p27. In the PBS treatment group, the number of conjunctival epithelial cells increased; the amount of goblet cells increased as the secretion of mucin was strengthened, and a substantial amount of fibroblasts were observed with active and productive organelles. Conclusion: Ad-p27 inhibits the proliferation of Tenon's capsule fibroblasts at surgical sites, and suppresses the formation of scars, thereby promoting surgical efficacy.

飞行员跳槽违约金适用的研究

飞行员跳槽引发的“天价”违约金频频引起人们对违约金适用的讨论。针对此问题,对我国劳动合同违约金的内涵、性质以及相关法律规定等理论进行研究,结合飞行员的特殊法律地位,并结合相关的案例对我国司法实践中飞行员跳槽违约金适用的现状问题进行分析。从分析中可得当前我国法律规定在违约金适用范围、服务期限以及违约金数额方面所存在的不足,就飞行员跳槽中所违约金适用的待完善之处提出建议,以期完善我国飞行员跳槽违约金的适用。

Clinical Evaluation of Traumatic Ciliochoroidal Detachment with Surgical Treatment

Purpose: To determine the clinical features of traumatic ciliochoroidal detachment(CCD), and to evaluate the surgical outcomes.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 37 consecutive patients with traumatic CCD who underwent surgical procedures,.including ciliary body suturing,.transscleral cyclophotocoagulation,.and cyclocryopexy..A complete ocular examination was performed at pre-surgery and at periodical post-surgery follow-ups. We compared visual acuity(VA),intraocular pressure.(IOP),.and morphologic changes with UBM among the different surgical procedures at the presurgery and periodical follow-ups.Results:.The mean IOP was 6.62 mmHg, and the median VA was 20 / 200 at baseline..The mean final IOP was 11.03mmHg,.and the final median VA improved to 20 / 50..IOPs were significantly different in post-surgery compared with those at baseline(P=0.000) among the ciliary body suturing,cyclophotocoagulation, and cyclocryopexy groups. However,no significant differences were noted at each follow-up among the 3 groups(P>0.05). The post-surgical morphological figures consisted of complete reattachment, partial reattachment,and the complete detachment. Cyclocryopexy(71.4%), suturing(68.4%), and cyclophotocoagulation(63.6%) produced similar surgical outcomes of the complete reattachment based on UBM images.Conclusion:Prompt treatment and periodic follow-ups are necessary after traumatic CCD, based on accurate dimensions and configuration by UBM. The appropriate choice of surgical procedures is pivotal for an optimal outcome.

Evolution of transbronchial needle aspiration needles: Over the last half century

Transbronchial needle aspiration(TBNA)is a commonly used sampling approach in the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy as well as peripheral lesions.As a very important tool,the continued innovation of TBNA needles is a vital driving force for the development of the technique.Although TBNA plays an important role in interventional pulmonology,there are no clear standards guiding operators to choose an appropriate needle for their operation.In recent decades,with the advent of endobronchial ultrasound-guided TBNA(EBUS-TBNA),the real-time visualization of TBNA has been enabled.These modern TBNA needles,such as ViziShot2,FLEX 19G,Acquire FNB,and EchoTip ProCore,have made significant progress in specimen collection,convenience,and safety,though still remain grounded in the basic premise and initial upgrades to the original conventional TBNA(cTBNA)needles.This review introduced the developmental history of WANG cTBNA needles,and summarized the lessons of success and failure and the enlightenments for currently used EBUS-and other emerging TBNA needles,aiming to provide a significant reference for pulmonologists who lived through the cTBNA era and for junior physicians who start working in the EBUS-TBNA era.Despite its long history,TBNA is still playing significant roles in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases.A deeper understanding from the historical perspectives would facilitate continued innovations in the field of TBNA and beyond.