Myo-inositol reduces β-catenin activation in colitis

To assess dietary myo-inositol in reducing stem cell activation in colitis, and validate pβ-cateninS552 as a biomarker of recurrent dysplasia.METHODSWe examined the effects of dietary myo-inositol treatment on inflammation, pβ-cateninS552 and pAkt levels by histology and western blot in IL-10-/- and dextran sodium sulfate-treated colitic mice. Additionally, we assessed nuclear pβ-cateninS552 in patients treated with myo-inositol in a clinical trial, and in patients with and without a history of colitis-induced dysplasia.RESULTSIn mice, pβ-cateninS552 staining faithfully reported the effects of myo-inositol in reducing inflammation and intestinal stem cell activation. In a pilot clinical trial of myo-inositol administration in patients with a history of low grade dysplasia (LGD), two patients had reduced numbers of intestinal stem cell activation compared to the placebo control patient. In humans, pβ-cateninS552 staining discriminated ulcerative colitis patients with a history of LGD from those with benign disease.CONCLUSIONEnumerating crypts with increased numbers of pβ-cateninS552 - positive cells can be utilized as a biomarker in colitis-associated cancer chemoprevention trials.

Anisotropy safety potential field model under intelligent and connected vehicle environment and its application in car-following modeling

Potential field theory,as a theory that can also be applied to vehicle control,is an emerging risk quantification approach to accommodate the connected and self-driving vehicle environment.Vehicles have different risk impact effects on other road participants in each direction under the influence of road rules.This variability exhibited by vehicles in each direction is not considered in the previous potential field model.Therefore,this paper proposed a potential field model that takes the anisotropy of vehicle impact into account:(1)introducing equivalent distances to separate the potential field area in the different directions before and after the vehicle;(2)introducing co-virtual forces to characterize the effect of the side-by-side travel phenomenon on vehicle car-following travel;(3)introducing target forces and lane resistance,which regress the control of desired speed to control the acceptable risk of drivers.The Next Generation Simulation(NGSIM)dataset is used in this study to create the model's initial parameter values based on the artificial swarm algorithm.The simulation findings indicate that when the vehicle is given the capacity to perceive the surrounding traffic environment,the suggested the anisotropic safety potential field model(ASPFM)performs better in terms of driving safety.

Does ‘Immortal DNA strand＇ exist in ‘immortal＇ stem cells？

Stem cells function to generate differentiated cells, and, at the same time, are maintained as ‘immortal＇ cells through self-renewal. Accumulated evidence indicates that adult stem cells may be the most common precursor for cancers in adult mammalian tissue , and this concept is gaining increasing support . Meanwhile, this also raises the question of how stem cells, which have a much longer lifespan compared to other progenitor and mature cells, can avoid accumulating mutations from DNA replication errors, thereby reducing the risk of tumorigenesis.

Single-cell RNA-seq technology lends a hand into HSC ontogeny

Hematopoietic stem cells（HSCs）are rare populations in the bone marrow of adult mammals which produce millions of blood cells for daily circulation by balancing self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation.In vertebrates,a subset of