Carotenoids are important natural pigments and have medical and health functions for humans.Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4(CCD4)and ethylene responsive factor(ERF)participate in carotenoid metabolism,but their role...Carotenoids are important natural pigments and have medical and health functions for humans.Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4(CCD4)and ethylene responsive factor(ERF)participate in carotenoid metabolism,but their roles in Lycium have not been discovered.Here,we annotated LbCCDs from the Lycium reference genome and found that LbCCD4.1 expression was significantly correlated with the carotenoid metabolites during Lycium five fruit developmental stages.Over-expression of LbCCD4.1 in NQ’s leaves resulted in a series of significantly lower contents of carotenoid metabolites,includingβ-carotene andβ-cryptoxanthin.Moreover,LbERF5.1,a transcription factor belonging to the ERF family that was located in the nucleus,was isolated.Significant reductions in the carotenoids,especially lutein,violaxanthin and their derivatives,were observed in over-expressing ERF5.1 transgenic NQ’s leaves.Over-expression or virus-induced gene silencing of LbERF5.1 in NQ’s leaves induced a consistent up-or down-expression,respectively,of LbCCD4.1.Furthermore,yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that ERF5.1 interacted with the promoter of CCD4.1 to increase its expression,and LbERF5.1 could bind to any one of the three predicted binding sites in the promoter of LbCCD4.1.A transcriptome analysis of LbERF5.1 and LbCCD4.1 over-expressed lines showed similar global transcript expression,and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase,phytoene synthase,lycopeneδ-cyclase cytochrome,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97A,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97C,and zeaxanthin epoxidase in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway were differentially expressed.In summary,we uncovered a novel molecular mechanism of carotenoid accumulation that involved an interaction between ERF5.1 and CCD4.1,which may be used to enhance carotenoid in Lycium.展开更多
Lycium exsertum A. Gray is a wild species of wolfberry, which is mainly distributed in the desert area of Arizona, USA. It was introduced from the United States in 2016. The plant grows vigorously, and its morphologic...Lycium exsertum A. Gray is a wild species of wolfberry, which is mainly distributed in the desert area of Arizona, USA. It was introduced from the United States in 2016. The plant grows vigorously, and its morphological characteristics are different from those of domestic Lycium. The introduction of this material can enrich the domestic Lycium germplasm resources, and it can also be applied in the creation of anti-root rot Lycium germplasm materials and the study on reproductive evolution of Lycium species.展开更多
基金This work was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32060359)the Key Research&Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2021BEF02002,2022BBF01001)+1 种基金the Innovative Research Group Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2021AAC01001)the Innovation Team for Genetic Improvement of Economic Forests(No.2022QCXTD04).
文摘Carotenoids are important natural pigments and have medical and health functions for humans.Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4(CCD4)and ethylene responsive factor(ERF)participate in carotenoid metabolism,but their roles in Lycium have not been discovered.Here,we annotated LbCCDs from the Lycium reference genome and found that LbCCD4.1 expression was significantly correlated with the carotenoid metabolites during Lycium five fruit developmental stages.Over-expression of LbCCD4.1 in NQ’s leaves resulted in a series of significantly lower contents of carotenoid metabolites,includingβ-carotene andβ-cryptoxanthin.Moreover,LbERF5.1,a transcription factor belonging to the ERF family that was located in the nucleus,was isolated.Significant reductions in the carotenoids,especially lutein,violaxanthin and their derivatives,were observed in over-expressing ERF5.1 transgenic NQ’s leaves.Over-expression or virus-induced gene silencing of LbERF5.1 in NQ’s leaves induced a consistent up-or down-expression,respectively,of LbCCD4.1.Furthermore,yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that ERF5.1 interacted with the promoter of CCD4.1 to increase its expression,and LbERF5.1 could bind to any one of the three predicted binding sites in the promoter of LbCCD4.1.A transcriptome analysis of LbERF5.1 and LbCCD4.1 over-expressed lines showed similar global transcript expression,and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase,phytoene synthase,lycopeneδ-cyclase cytochrome,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97A,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97C,and zeaxanthin epoxidase in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway were differentially expressed.In summary,we uncovered a novel molecular mechanism of carotenoid accumulation that involved an interaction between ERF5.1 and CCD4.1,which may be used to enhance carotenoid in Lycium.
基金Supported by Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Key Research and Development Plan(2019BFG02026)Wolfberry Breeding Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2013NYYZ0102)Scientific and Technological Innovation Guiding Project of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(NKYJ-17-13,NKYG-19-06)
文摘Lycium exsertum A. Gray is a wild species of wolfberry, which is mainly distributed in the desert area of Arizona, USA. It was introduced from the United States in 2016. The plant grows vigorously, and its morphological characteristics are different from those of domestic Lycium. The introduction of this material can enrich the domestic Lycium germplasm resources, and it can also be applied in the creation of anti-root rot Lycium germplasm materials and the study on reproductive evolution of Lycium species.