Superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)nanoparticles play an important role in mediating precise and effective magnetic neurostimulation and can help overcome limitations related to penetration depth and spatial resolution...Superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)nanoparticles play an important role in mediating precise and effective magnetic neurostimulation and can help overcome limitations related to penetration depth and spatial resolution.However,nanoparticles readily diffuse in vivo,decreasing the spatial resolution and activation efficiency.In this study,we employed a microfluidic means to fabricate injectable microhydrogels encapsulated with SPIO nanoparticles,which significantly improved the stability of nanoparticles,increased the magnetic properties,reinforced the stimulation effectivity.The fabricated magnetic microhydrogels were highly uniform in size and sphericity,enabling minimally invasive injection into brain tissue.The long-term residency in the cortex up to 22 weeks and the safety of brain tissue were shown using a mouse model.In addition,we quantitatively determined the magneto-mechanical force yielded by only one magnetic microhydrogel using a video-based method.The force was found to be within 7–8 pN under 10 Hz magnetic stimulation by both theoretical simulation and experimental measurement.Lastly,electrophysiological measurement of brain slices showed that the magnetic microhydrogels offer significant advantages in terms of neural activation relative to dissociative SPIO nanoparticles.A universal strategy is thus offered for performing magnetic neuro-stimulation with an improved prospect for biomedical translation.展开更多
This paper focuses on multi-modal Information Perception(IP)for Soft Robotic Hands(SRHs)using Machine Learning(ML)algorithms.A flexible Optical Fiber-based Curvature Sensor(OFCS)is fabricated,consisting of a Light-Emi...This paper focuses on multi-modal Information Perception(IP)for Soft Robotic Hands(SRHs)using Machine Learning(ML)algorithms.A flexible Optical Fiber-based Curvature Sensor(OFCS)is fabricated,consisting of a Light-Emitting Diode(LED),photosensitive detector,and optical fiber.Bending the roughened optical fiber generates lower light intensity,which reflecting the curvature of the soft finger.Together with the curvature and pressure information,multi-modal IP is performed to improve the recognition accuracy.Recognitions of gesture,object shape,size,and weight are implemented with multiple ML approaches,including the Supervised Learning Algorithms(SLAs)of K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Logistic Regression(LR),and the unSupervised Learning Algorithm(un-SLA)of K-Means Clustering(KMC).Moreover,Optical Sensor Information(OSI),Pressure Sensor Information(PSI),and Double-Sensor Information(DSI)are adopted to compare the recognition accuracies.The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed sensors and recognition approaches are feasible and effective.The recognition accuracies obtained using the above ML algorithms and three modes of sensor information are higer than 85 percent for almost all combinations.Moreover,DSI is more accurate when compared to single modal sensor information and the KNN algorithm with a DSI outperforms the other combinations in recognition accuracy.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1201403 to J.F.S.)China Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Project(Nos.2022ZD0211701 to Z.J.Z.and 2022ZD0211704 to J.F.S.)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Key Foundation of China(Nos.81830040 and 82130042 to Z.J.Z.)the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong(No.2018B030334001 to Z.J.Z.)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.SJCX21_0146 to L.X.).
文摘Superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)nanoparticles play an important role in mediating precise and effective magnetic neurostimulation and can help overcome limitations related to penetration depth and spatial resolution.However,nanoparticles readily diffuse in vivo,decreasing the spatial resolution and activation efficiency.In this study,we employed a microfluidic means to fabricate injectable microhydrogels encapsulated with SPIO nanoparticles,which significantly improved the stability of nanoparticles,increased the magnetic properties,reinforced the stimulation effectivity.The fabricated magnetic microhydrogels were highly uniform in size and sphericity,enabling minimally invasive injection into brain tissue.The long-term residency in the cortex up to 22 weeks and the safety of brain tissue were shown using a mouse model.In addition,we quantitatively determined the magneto-mechanical force yielded by only one magnetic microhydrogel using a video-based method.The force was found to be within 7–8 pN under 10 Hz magnetic stimulation by both theoretical simulation and experimental measurement.Lastly,electrophysiological measurement of brain slices showed that the magnetic microhydrogels offer significant advantages in terms of neural activation relative to dissociative SPIO nanoparticles.A universal strategy is thus offered for performing magnetic neuro-stimulation with an improved prospect for biomedical translation.
基金support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61803267 and 61572328)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2017M622757)+1 种基金the Beijing Science and Technology program (No.Z171100000817007)the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the German Re-search Foundation (DFG) in the project Cross Modal Learning,NSFC 61621136008/DFG TRR-169
文摘This paper focuses on multi-modal Information Perception(IP)for Soft Robotic Hands(SRHs)using Machine Learning(ML)algorithms.A flexible Optical Fiber-based Curvature Sensor(OFCS)is fabricated,consisting of a Light-Emitting Diode(LED),photosensitive detector,and optical fiber.Bending the roughened optical fiber generates lower light intensity,which reflecting the curvature of the soft finger.Together with the curvature and pressure information,multi-modal IP is performed to improve the recognition accuracy.Recognitions of gesture,object shape,size,and weight are implemented with multiple ML approaches,including the Supervised Learning Algorithms(SLAs)of K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Logistic Regression(LR),and the unSupervised Learning Algorithm(un-SLA)of K-Means Clustering(KMC).Moreover,Optical Sensor Information(OSI),Pressure Sensor Information(PSI),and Double-Sensor Information(DSI)are adopted to compare the recognition accuracies.The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed sensors and recognition approaches are feasible and effective.The recognition accuracies obtained using the above ML algorithms and three modes of sensor information are higer than 85 percent for almost all combinations.Moreover,DSI is more accurate when compared to single modal sensor information and the KNN algorithm with a DSI outperforms the other combinations in recognition accuracy.