The transcription factor CmLEC1 positively regulates the seed-setting rate in hybridization breeding of chrysanthemum

Distant hybridization is widely used to develop crop cultivars,whereas the hybridization process of embryo abortion often severely reduces the sought-after breeding effect.The LEAFY COTYLEDON1(LEC1)gene has been extensively investigated as a central regulator of seed development,but it is far less studied in crop hybridization breeding.Here we investigated the function and regulation mechanism of CmLEC1 from Chrysanthemum morifolium during its seed development in chrysanthemum hybridization.CmLEC1 encodes a nucleic protein and is specifically expressed in embryos.CmLEC1’s overexpression significantly promoted the seed-setting rate of the cross,while the rate was significantly decreased in the amiR-CmLEC1 transgenic chrysanthemum.The RNA-Seq analysis of the developing hybrid embryos revealed that regulatory genes involved in seed development,namely,CmLEA(late embryogenesis abundant protein),CmOLE(oleosin),CmSSP(seed storage protein),and CmEM(embryonic protein),were upregulated in the OE(overexpressing)lines but downregulated in the amiR lines vs.wild-type lines.Future analysis demonstrated that CmLEC1 directly activated CmLEA expression and interacted with CmC3H,and this CmLEC1–CmC3H interaction could enhance the transactivation ability of CmLEC1 for the expression of CmLEA.Further,CmLEC1 was able to induce several other key genes related to embryo development.Taken together,our results show that CmLEC1 plays a positive role in the hybrid embryo development of chrysanthemum plants,which might involve activating CmLEA’s expression and interacting with CmC3H.This may be a new pathway in the LEC1 regulatory network to promote seed development,one perhaps leading to a novel strategy to not only overcome embryo abortion during crop breeding but also increase the seed yield.

薄膜基荧光气体传感器中的涂层化学

近年来,高性能薄膜基气体传感器的研制备受关注,所涉及的涂层化学已经成为物理化学学科发展的一个热点。传感因分析物与敏感层(涂层)物质相互作用引起薄膜特定静态及动态物理量变化而实现,因此,薄膜传感性能势必受到敏感层物质种类和敏感层微纳结构等因素影响。就薄膜基荧光传感而言,荧光敏感物质的结构和性质对薄膜传感性能起着至关重要的作用。同时,因毛细凝结、色谱效应、尺寸效应、分子间相互作用等因素的存在,敏感层微观结构也极大地影响着薄膜的传感性能。本文结合课题组近期研究工作,简要讨论薄膜基荧光气体传感器研究中的涂层化学基本问题,以及相关薄膜基荧光传感器在隐藏爆炸物、毒品、挥发性有机污染物检测/监测等方面的应用探索。最后,文章展望了薄膜基荧光气体传感器的发展前景和所面临的主要挑战。

LIWRKY39 is involved in thermotolerance by activating LIMBF1c and interacting with LICaM3 in lily(Lilium longiflorum)

WRKY transcription factors(TFs)are of great importance in plant responses to different abiotic stresses.However,research on their roles in the regulation of thermotolerance remains limited.Here,we investigated the function of LlWRKY39 in the thermotolerance of lily(Lilium longiflorum‘white heaven’).According to multiple alignment analyses,LIWRKY39 is in the WRKY IId subclass and contains a potential calmodulin(CaM)-binding domain.Further analysis has shown that LlCaM3 interacts with LlWRKY39 by binding to its CaM-binding domain,and this interaction depends on Ca^(2).LIWRKY39 was induced by heat stress(HS),and the LIWRKY39-GFP fusion protein was detected in the nucleus.The thermotolerance of lily and Arabidopsis was increased with the ectopic overexpression of LlWRKY39.The expression of heat-related genes AtHSFA1,AtHSFA2,AtMBF1c,AtGolS1,AtDREB2A,AtWRKY39,and AtHSP101 was significantly elevated in transgenic Arabidopsis lines,which might have promoted an increase in thermotolerance.Then,the promoter of LlMBF1c was isolated from lily,and LlWRKY39 was found to bind to the conserved W-box element in its promoter to activate its activity,suggesting that LlWRKY39 is an upstream regulator of LlMBF1c.In addition,a dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that via protein interaction,LlCaM3 negatively affected LlWRKY39 in the transcriptional activation of LlMBF1c,which might be an important feedback regulation pathway to balance the LlWRKY39-mediated heat stress response(HSR).Collectively,these results imply that LlWRKY39 might participate in the HSR as an important regulator through Ca^(2+)-CaM and multiprotein bridging factor pathways.

用于无线传输和神经网络计算的碳化硅纳米线多功能高效视觉突触器件

随着大数据和物联网的快速发展,基于传统冯·诺依曼架构的计算机存在吞吐量有限和能源利用效率低下的问题.基于忆阻器的人工神经网络计算系统被认为是克服这一瓶颈的候选之一.本研究成功研制了基于碳化硅纳米线薄膜的光电忆阻器,不仅可以很好地实现生物视觉突触的基本功能,还可以实现更为复杂的树突神经元和巴甫洛夫学习等类脑学习特性.在视觉功能的基础上,实现了集成在SiC忆阻器中的感知、存储和计算的功能.更重要的是,得益于SiC纳米线视觉突触优异的计算能力构建的脉冲神经网络能够实现早期肺癌病灶的识别.该方法迭代次数少,检测准确率可达90%以上,在医疗领域具有良好的应用前景.本研究为神经形态计算技术中基于SiC的感知-存储-计算一体化人工智能设备的开发和推广提供了一条有前景的途径.

薄膜荧光传感器:从敏感材料到硬件结构

Film-based fluorescent sensors (FFSs) differentiate themselves from conventional sensors and disposable probes owing to their fascinating merits of small size, power saving, easy operation, as well as high sensitivity and designability. Therefore, they were recently selected by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry as one of the Top Ten Emerging Technologies in Chemistry 2022 [1].

Loss of Wip1 aggravates brain injury after ischaemia/reperfusion by overactivating microglia

Background and purpose The inflammatory response mediated by microglia/macrophages is closely related to cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury.Wild-type p53-induced protein phosphatase 1(Wip1),a serine/threonine phosphatase,is expressed in various tissues.A growing number of reports have suggested that Wip1 is a negative regulator of inflammation in peripheral tissue;however,its role in the central nervous system(CNS)remains unclear.This study aimed to clarify whether Wip1 can inhibit CNS inflammation by regulating microglia/macrophage functions after ischaemic injury.Methods A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion was established in mice.CNS inflammation was simulated by lipopolysaccharide treatment of primary microglia.Laser speckle imaging was used to monitor regional cerebral blood flow.Behavioural outcomes were assessed with a TreadScan gait analysis system.TTC staining was used to evaluate the infarct volume,and western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were applied to detect the phenotypical transformation of microglia.ELISA was performed to detect the levels of inflammatory factors.Results Wip1 expression was increased after ischaemia/reperfusion.Wip1-knockout(KO)mice displayed more severe brain injury than wild-type mice,as indicated by aggravated motor dysfunction,greater brain infarct volumes and higher expression of inflammatory cytokines(interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha)in the brain.We also found that Wip1 depletion increased microglial/macrophage activation in both in vitro and in vivo models,which all showed activation of microglia/macrophages.Lentivirus-Ppm1d reversed the injury induced by Wip1-KO.Conclusions Our results suggest that Wip1 may inhibit neuroinflammation by inhibiting microglial/macrophage activation after brain ischaemia/reperfusion injury.

ON THE NONEXISTENCE OF NONTRIVIAL SMALL CYCLES OF THE μ FUNCTION IN 3x+ 1 CONJECTURE

这份报纸在 1 推测的 3x + 学习递归的序列的性质。作者介绍这个概念吗？

Structure-fluorescence relationships in pyrrole appended o-carborane crystalline materials

Based on three rationally designed pyrrole-appended o-carborane derivatives,we present that fluores-cence properties of crystalline materials are highly dependent on intermolecular interaction and steric hinderance.Though the three molecules are similar in structure,single crystals of the three compounds showed obvious difference in molecular stacking and fluorescence behavior.Systematic studies indicate that fluorescence quantum yields,thermo-response as well as mechano-response are highly dependent on intermolecular interaction and steric hindrance.In the three crystalline materials,the CB-NMe crys-tals with weaker intermolecular interaction and looser molecular packing showed superior fluorescence quantum yield and temperature sensitivity.Accordingly,surface temperature detection strip with favor-able reversibility is prepared by doping CB-NMe into the polymer.In addition,the CB-NMe aggregates can be used for monitoring bovine serum albumin(BSA)denaturation,as temperature response of the aggregates can be reversed when co-assembled with BSA.

Highly rectified ion transport through 2D WSe2/MoS2 bi-layered membranes

Two-dimensional（2 D） nanofluidic systems provide a highly efficient way to integrate a huge amount of cascading lamellar nanofluidic channels into macroscopic membrane materials for practical use in, for example, molecular separation, water treatment, and energy storage. Besides the well-studied graphenebased materials, other 2 D nanomaterials, such as the transition metal dichalcogenides（TMDCs）, are expected as promising alternatives. Here, we report strong ionic current rectification（ICR） effect found in Mo S2/WSe2 bi-layered membrane structure. The preferential direction for ion transport is from the WSe2 layers to the Mo S2 layers. The maximum ICR ratio approaches 35 at intermediate electrolyte concentration. More intriguingly, by exchanging the deposition order of the Mo S2 and WSe2 layers, the observed ICR effect can be reversed. These evidences justify that the highly rectified ion transport phenomenon results from the asymmetry in the reconstructed 2 D layered materials. This work is the first discovery of ICR effect in 2 D nanofluidic heterostructures, and provides further opportunities for innovative nanofluidic devices and materials.

The China-Saudi Arabia(Jizan)Industrial Park under the Belt and Road Initiative

Saudi Arabia is the largest economy in West Asia and North Africa which plays an important role in politics,economy and other fields in the Middle East and the whole world.Since 2016,highlevel visits between China and Saudi Arabia are more frequent.China and Saudi Arabia have established a comprehensive strategic partnership and established a comprehensive,high-level and institutional cooperation platform-the China Saudi highlevel joint committee.Under the overall coordination of this mechanism,the economic and trade cooperation between China and Saudi Arabia,which focuses on energy sources,industrial cooperation,trade and investment is in an unprecedented period of strategic opportunities.The China-Saudi Arabia(Jizan)Industrial Park is a major investment project to deepen production capacity cooperation between China and Saudi Arabia.At present,it has made positive progress in communication and coordination mechanisms,infrastructure construction and introduction of enterprises into the park.Therefore,this paper argues that under the guidance of the Belt and Road Initiative,China and Saudi Arabia should accelerate the docking of development strategies,facilitate the construction of overseas industrial parks such as the Jizan Industrial Park,attract more investment of manufacturing enterprises from China and third market countries,endeavour to build the Jizan Industrial Park as a landmark project of practical cooperation between China and Saudi Arabia,boost the implementation of Saudi Arabia’s‘Vision 2030’,and promote the industrialization process of Arab countries.