阿瑞匹坦预防化疗诱导恶心呕吐的疗效分析

背景与目的化疗是治疗恶性肿瘤最重要的手段,然而化疗诱导的恶心呕吐对患者影响深远。近些年来,不断有新的止吐药物问世,如阿瑞匹坦。我们回顾性分析了2014年8月-2016年12月使用含高度致吐药顺铂化疗方案的肿瘤患者中,阿瑞匹坦联合托烷司琼、地塞米松预防化疗诱导呕吐(chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, CINV)的效果。方法在使用含高度致吐药顺铂化疗方案的肿瘤患者中,应用阿瑞匹坦联合托烷司琼、地塞米松的止吐方案,观察期分为整体观察期:化疗后0 h-120 h;急性呕吐观察期:化疗0 h-24 h;延迟性呕吐观察期:化疗后24 h-120 h。观察目标包括完全应答(complete response, CR)和完全预防(complete protection, CP)。结果整体观察期的CR为86.02%,急性呕吐观察期和延迟性呕吐观察期分别为89.25%、87.1%;CP分别为46.22%、83.87%、45.16%。止吐效果与年龄分布关系具有显著性(P=0.008)。结论阿瑞匹坦联合托烷司琼、地塞米松的方案可有效预防使用含高度致吐药顺铂化疗方案的肿瘤患者中CINV的发生,提高患者的生活质量和化疗的依从性。

Identification of SNPs in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)by deep sequencing of six reduced representation libraries

High-density genetic markers are required for genotyping and linkage mapping in identifying genes from crops with complex genomes, such as barley. As the most common variation, single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) are suitable for accurate genotyping by using the next-generation sequencing(NGS) technology. Reduced representation libraries(RRLs) of five barley accessions and one mutant were sequenced using NGS technology for SNP discovery. Twenty million short reads were generated and the proportion of repetitive sequences was reduced by more than 56%. A total of 6061 SNPs were identified, and 451 were mapped to the draft sequence of the barley genome with pairing reads. Eleven SNPs were validated using length polymorphic allele-specific PCR markers.

Elf-1和Ki-67在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其相关性研究(英文)

Objective: Elf-1 is a member of the proto-oncogenes Ets-related transcription factor family and over-expressed in many human tumors, Ki-67 is an important nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation. This study investigated the expression of Elf-1 and Ki-67 in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and studied their correlation with the clinicopathological features. Methods: Tissue microarray from 64 cases lung cancer tissue and 10 cases normal lung tissue was constructed, immunohistochemical method was used to evaluate the protein expressions of Elf-1 and Ki-67, correlations of the expression of Elf-1 and Ki-67 to clinicopathological features of NSCLC were analyzed. Results: Expression of Elf-1 and Ki-67 in NSCLC tissues were significantly higher than in normal lung tissues(P < 0.05), the positive rate of Elf-1 and Ki-67 was 73.44% and 64.06% in NSCLC group, Overexpression of Elf-1 in NSCLC was significantly related to histopathological grading, different clinical staging and the intensity of ELF-1 expression was significantly higher in the group with lymph node metastasis than that without(P < 0.05). Overexpression of Ki-67 was also closely related to tumor differentiation, clinical stages and lymph node metastasis(P < 0.05). In addition positive correlation was found between the expressive intensity of Elf-1 and Ki-67(τ = 0.295, P = 0.018). Conclusion: The high expression and positive correlation of Elf-1 and Ki-67 in NSCLC suggest that they probably play a role in onset and progression of lung cancer, united detecting their expression could be used as an valuable molecular biological index for predicting the malignant behavior and early diagnosis of NSCLC.

UDP-glucose epimerase 1,moonlighting as a transcriptional activator,is essential for tapetum degradation and male fertility in rice

Multiple enzymes perform moonlighting functions distinct from their main roles.UDP-glucose epimerases(UGEs),a subclass of isomerases,catalyze the interconversion of UDP-glucose(UDP-Glc)and UDP-galactose(UDP-Gal).We identified a rice male-sterile mutant,osuge1,with delayed tapetum degradation and abortive pollen.The mutant osuge1 protein lacked UDP-glucose epimerase activity,resulting in higher UDP-Gal content and lower UDP-Glc levels in the osuge1 mutant compared with the wild type.Interestingly,we discovered that OsUGE1 participates in the TIP2/bHLH142–TDR–EAT1/DTD transcriptional regulatory cascade involved in tapetum degradation,in which TIP2 and TDR regulate the expression of OsUGE1 while OsUGE1 regulates the expression of EAT1.In addition,we found that OsUGE1 regulates the expression of its own gene by directly binding to an E-box element in the OsUGE1 promoter.Collectively,our results indicate that OsUGE1 not only functions as a UDP-glucose epimerase but also moonlights as a transcriptional activator to promote tapetum degradation,revealing a novel regulatory mechanism of rice reproductive development.

Superhydrophilic Polydopamine‑Modified Carbon‑Fiber Membrane with Rapid Seawater‑Transferring Ability for Constructing Efficient Hanging‑Model Evaporator

Solar-driven seawater desalination has attracted much attention for alleviating global freshwater shortage,but the practical application is often limited by complicated fabrication processes,unsatisfactory seawater-transferring and severe salt accu-mulation on the photothermal membranes.To solve these problems,hydrophobic industrial-grade carbon fiber membrane(CFM)with good photoabsorption was surface-modified with polydopamine(PDA)to prepare superhydrophilic CFM@PDA for the construction of efficient hanging-model evaporators without salt accumulation.The coating of PDA on CFM is realized by simple self-polymerization of dopamine,and the as-prepared CFM@PDA exhibits high solar absorption effi-ciency of 96.7%,good photothermal effect and superhydrophilicity.Especially,when CFM@PDA is hanging between two water tanks(one contains seawater and the other is empty)in a flat hanging-model evaporator,it can transport seawater at a high rate(26.35 g/h)which is 3.6 times that(7.28 g/h)of commercial cotton fabric.Under simulated sunlight(1.0 kW m^(-2))irradiation,CFM@PDA shows a high evaporation rate of 1.79 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) with a solar evaporation efficiency of 92.6%.Even if NaCl solution with a high concentration(21.0 wt%)is used for the evaporation,the hanging CFM@PDA can retain a high evaporation rate(~1.80 kg m^(-2) h^(-1))without salt accumulation during the long-time test(8 h),which is significantly better than that of the tradition floating model.Therefore,this study not only demonstrates the simple preparation of super-hydrophilic CFM@PDA,but also promotes the further practical applications of hanging-model evaporators for continuous salt-free desalination.

织物电子器件及系统的发展现状、科学问题、核心技术和应用展望

织物电子学研究对象是具有产生、传输、调制或测量等电子功能的纤维或纤维集合体.织物电子系统通常由织物电子器件和微电子器件混合互补集成而成.它们作为可穿戴系统的一个重要分支,可为人类提供多种功能,如感知、驱动、自适应、交流、自我修复、记忆、学习等,而不影响系统本身的服用性.本文从织物电子器件和系统的定义出发,阐述了不同类别织物电子器件的发展现状,提出织物电子器件和系统的一些关键科学问题,如功能材料结构与性能的关系、织物电子器件和系统集成的多物理过程、评价系统及安全问题等.并结合在研发织物电子可穿戴系统及实施工程化产业化过程中的切身体会,介绍织物电子器件和系统方面的核心技术及其应用前景.重点对织物电子器件或系统在医疗健康、运动监测、智能防护及增强现实/虚拟现实4个方向的应用及其应用前景进行分析.

Expression of pathogenesis-related genes in cotton roots in response to Verticillium dahliae PAMP molecules

VerticiUium wilt disease becomes a major threat to many economically important crops.It is unclear whether and how plant immunity takes place during cotton-Verticillium interaction due to the lack of marker genes.Taking advantage of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum) genome,we discovered pathogenesis-related(PR) gene families,which have been widely used as markers of immune responses in plants.To profile the expression of G.hirsutum PR genes in the process of plant immunity,we treated cotton roots with two immunogenic peptides,flg22 and nlp20 known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns,as well as three VerticiUium dahliae-derived peptides,nlp20^(Vd2),nlp23^(Vd3),and nlp23^(Vd4) which are highly identical to nlp20.Quantitative real-time PCR results revealed that 14 G hirsutum PR gene(GhPR) families were induced or suppressed independently in response to flg22,nlp20,nlp20^(Vd2),nlp23^(Vd3),and nlp23^(Vd4).Most GhPR genes are expressed highest at 3 h post incubation of immunogenic peptides.Compared to flg22 and nlp20,nlp20^(Vd2) is more effective to trigger up-regulated expression of GhPR genes.Notably,both nlp23^(Vd3) and nlp23^(Vd4) are able to induce GhPR gene up-regulation,although they do not induce necrosis on cotton leaves.Thus,our results provide marker genes and new immunogenic peptides for further investigation of cotton-V.dahliae interaction.

Bacterial succession in epiphytic biofilms and deciduous layer sediments during Hydrilla verticillata decay: A field investigation

Submersed macrophytes decay is an important natural process and has important role in mass and energy flow in aquatic ecosystems.However,little is known about the dynamical changes in nutrients release and bacterial community during submersed macrophyte decay in natural environment.In this study,a field observation was conducted in a wetland dominated with Hydrilla verticillata for 36 days.Increase of H2O2 and malondialdehyde(MDA)content and decrease of soluble proteins concentration were detected in leaves during H.verticillata decay.Meanwhile,ammonium-N,soluble microbial products(SMP)and TOC concentration increased in overlying water.According to bacterial 16 S r RNA Illumina sequencing analysis,the Shannon values were lower in epiphytic biofilms than deciduous layer sediments.The relative abundances of Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria were higher in epiphytic biofilms than in deciduous layer sediments(P<0.05).Co-occurrence network analyses showed that a total of 578 and 845 pairs of correlations(|r|>0.6)were identified from 122 and 112 genera in epiphytic biofilms and deciduous layer sediments,respectively.According to co-occurrence patterns,eight hubs were mainly from phyla Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria and Parcubacteria in epiphytic biofilms;while 37 hubs from the 14 phyla(Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Acidobacteria,Chloroflexi,et al.)were detected in deciduous layer sediments.Our results indicate that bacterial community in deciduous layer sediments was more susceptible than in epiphytic biofilms during decay process.These data highlight the role of microbial community in deciduous layer sediments on nutrients removal during H.verticillata decay and will provide useful information for wetland management.

Growth of BiOBr/ZIF‑67 Nanocomposites on Carbon Fiber Cloth as Filter‑Membrane‑Shaped Photocatalyst for Degrading Pollutants in Flowing Wastewater

BiOBr-based nanocomposite photocatalysts are used for removing the organic pollutants,but their poor adsorption/photocatalytic performances and the low potential for recycling limit their application.To solve the issue,herein we report a large-area recyclable CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 filter-membrane-shaped photocatalyst prepared by in situ growth of BiOBr/ZIF-67 nanocomposites on carbon fiber cloth(CFC).Fabrication process is based on hydrothermal synthesis of BiOBr nanosheets(diameter 0.5–1μm)on carbon fiber cloth(as substrate material)and then a chemical bath route is used to grow ZIF-67 nanoparticles(diameter 300–600 nm)in situ on the surface of CFC/BiOBr.Resulted composite,CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67,exhibits a high specific surface area(545.82 m^(2) g^(−1))and a wide photoabsorption,accompanied by an absorption edge(~620 nm).In dark condition,CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 adsorbs bisphenol A(BPA)and orange 7(AO7)within 60 min,respectively with 20.0% and 40.1% efficiency.This level of efficiencies are correspondingly 2.6 and 3.2 times more that of the bare CFC/BiOBr(7.6%for BPA and 12.4% for AO7).Under visible light irradiation,CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 can degrade 69.7% of BPA and 96.0% of AO7,in 120 min,which are,respectively,1.3 and 1.8 times higher than the absorption efficiency of bare CFC/BiOBr(53.2% for BPA,52.0% for AO7).When CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 is used as a filter membrane for photocatalytic removal of pollutants in flowing wastewater(AO7,rate:~1.5 L h^(−1)),92.2%of AO7 can be decomposed after 10 filtering cycles.This study suggests CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 as a novel highly functional,recyclable and environmental friendly photo-driven membrane filter for purification and recovery of flowing surface waste waters.

Construction of n-TiO_(2)/p-Ag_(2)O Junction on Carbon Fiber Cloth with Vis-NIR Photoresponse as a Filter-Membrane-Shaped Photocatalyst

The development of effective and reusable photocatalysts with broad-spectra activity has attracted attention.Herein,we have constructed n-TiO_(2)/p-Ag_(2)O junction on carbon fiber(CF)cloth as an efficient and recyclable photocatalyst.With CF cloth as the substrate,TiO_(2) nanorods(length:1-2μm)are prepared by a hydrothermal process,and the in-situ growth of Ag_(2)O nanoparticles(10-20 nm)is then realized by chemical bath deposition route.The flexible CF/TiO_(2)/Ag_(2)O cloth(area:4×4 cm^(2))shows a broad and strong photo-absorption(200-1000 nm).Under the illumination of visible-light(λ>400 nm),CF/TiO_(2)/Ag_(2)O cloth can efficiently eliminate 99.2%rhodamine B(RhB),99.4%acid orange 7(AO7),87.6%bisphenol A(BPA),and 89.5%hexavalent chromium(Cr^(6+))in 100 min,superior to CF/Ag_(2)O cloth(83.5%RhB,60.0%AO7,31.2%BPA and 41.8%Cr^(6+)).In particular,under the NIR-light illumination(980 nm laser),CF/TiO_(2)/Ag_(2)O cloth can remove 70.9%AO7 and 60.0%Cr^(6+) in 100 min,which are significantly higher than those by CF/Ag_(2)O cloth(19.8%AO7 and 18.9%Cr^(6+)).In addition,CF/TiO_(2)/Ag_(2)O cloth(diameter:10 cm),as a filter-membrane,can effectively wipe off 94.4%flowing RhB solution(rate:~1 L h^(−1))at 6th filtering/degrading grade.Thus,CF/TiO_(2)/Ag_(2)O cloth can be used as a Vis-NIR-responded filter-membrane-shaped photocatalyst with high-efficiency for purifying wastewater.