Park-and-Ride(P&R),referring to the transfer between private cars and public transportation,is a public policy and travel mode that advocates green travel to reduce traffic congestion in big cities.Through an anal...Park-and-Ride(P&R),referring to the transfer between private cars and public transportation,is a public policy and travel mode that advocates green travel to reduce traffic congestion in big cities.Through an analysis on the development and focus of P&R research in China and abroad,this paper examines the research progress and explores the research trend on P&R from the perspective of travel mode choice,transfer demand forecast,location planning,operational management,and benefit evaluation.It points out that,compared with the research abroad,the P&R research in China is insufficient on the subjects of transportation planning and benefit evaluation.It proposes that,in future,research should focus more on planning,management,and benefit evaluation of P&R,so as to enhance the intelligent management of transportation system and promote the implementation of policies supporting P&R development.展开更多
The identification of built environment elements in neighborhoods that have significant impacts on obesity is the basis for scientifically preventing obesity and related chronic diseases, as well as formulating and im...The identification of built environment elements in neighborhoods that have significant impacts on obesity is the basis for scientifically preventing obesity and related chronic diseases, as well as formulating and implementing spatial intervention policies. In recent years, studies on the relationship between neighborhood built environment and obesity and related behaviors have increased rapidly in China with preliminary progresses. This paper systematically reviews the empirical research on the impacts of neighborhood built environment on obesity and related behaviors which was done in China from 2011 to 2021 and selects 44 papers to extract, summarize, and quantitatively synthesize the research results by using the meta-analysis method and through the weighted Z-test. The meta-analysis shows that, according to their significance, the measured built environment elements in neighborhoods that have significant impacts on obesity and related behaviors are ranked in a descending order as accessibilitydensity of physical activity facilities, accessibility-density of bus stops/transit stations, street connectivity–crossing density, and mixed land use rate–destination amount. Meanwhile, the elements of residential density–population density, accessibility-distance to bus stops/transit stations, and accessibility-distance to physical activity facilities do not show remarkable statistic difference. This implies that community planning should highlight the measures of increasing land use for sports facilities and green spaces, improving public transport system, optimizing road network, and strengthening mixed land use to build healthy communities that can facilitate the prevention of obesity.展开更多
The government's attention to and intervention in public health emergencies is one of the causes for the legislation on modern urban planning.It is now a critical period in the legislative formulation of China'...The government's attention to and intervention in public health emergencies is one of the causes for the legislation on modern urban planning.It is now a critical period in the legislative formulation of China's territorial and spatial planning,which coincides with the unexpected onslaught of COVID-19.This study examines the relationship between public health emergencies and the legislations of territorial and spatial planning.It argues that the problems of spatial planning in response to public health emergencies primarily lie in the gaps between planning regulations and public health,emergency management,the overdue institutionalization of planning techniques,the lack of focus of planning legislations,etc.The legislation of territorial and spatial planning should be based on the governance of urban safety,health,and emergency service facilities,which aims to improve the emergency service facility system,the innovation of planning formulation technical system,and strengthen the responsiveness of planning to public health emergencies,so as to create high-quality,high-class,and resilient urban and rural spaces.展开更多
While cities witness the dramatic changes in external morphology amid rapid urban transition,their internal governance structure should be adjusted accordingly.Based on investigations,this study summarizes the urban m...While cities witness the dramatic changes in external morphology amid rapid urban transition,their internal governance structure should be adjusted accordingly.Based on investigations,this study summarizes the urban management model of the S District of Beijing characterized by"integration"and a"downward shift."It finds that,in practice,there are often such problems as having a defective organization,single participant,imperfect institution and mechanism,weak comprehensive law enforcing,and backward urban management informatization.To solve these problems,it is urgent to transform the old urban administration framework to a new urban governance system.Based on the theory of governance,this paper develops a theoretical framework of an urban governance system that consists of the four layers of goal,idea,driving force,and task,in order to guide the modernization of urban governance.展开更多
基金funded by the 2021 Suzhou Association for Science and Technology Soft Science Project(No.2012-A11)the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71774133)。
文摘Park-and-Ride(P&R),referring to the transfer between private cars and public transportation,is a public policy and travel mode that advocates green travel to reduce traffic congestion in big cities.Through an analysis on the development and focus of P&R research in China and abroad,this paper examines the research progress and explores the research trend on P&R from the perspective of travel mode choice,transfer demand forecast,location planning,operational management,and benefit evaluation.It points out that,compared with the research abroad,the P&R research in China is insufficient on the subjects of transportation planning and benefit evaluation.It proposes that,in future,research should focus more on planning,management,and benefit evaluation of P&R,so as to enhance the intelligent management of transportation system and promote the implementation of policies supporting P&R development.
文摘The identification of built environment elements in neighborhoods that have significant impacts on obesity is the basis for scientifically preventing obesity and related chronic diseases, as well as formulating and implementing spatial intervention policies. In recent years, studies on the relationship between neighborhood built environment and obesity and related behaviors have increased rapidly in China with preliminary progresses. This paper systematically reviews the empirical research on the impacts of neighborhood built environment on obesity and related behaviors which was done in China from 2011 to 2021 and selects 44 papers to extract, summarize, and quantitatively synthesize the research results by using the meta-analysis method and through the weighted Z-test. The meta-analysis shows that, according to their significance, the measured built environment elements in neighborhoods that have significant impacts on obesity and related behaviors are ranked in a descending order as accessibilitydensity of physical activity facilities, accessibility-density of bus stops/transit stations, street connectivity–crossing density, and mixed land use rate–destination amount. Meanwhile, the elements of residential density–population density, accessibility-distance to bus stops/transit stations, and accessibility-distance to physical activity facilities do not show remarkable statistic difference. This implies that community planning should highlight the measures of increasing land use for sports facilities and green spaces, improving public transport system, optimizing road network, and strengthening mixed land use to build healthy communities that can facilitate the prevention of obesity.
文摘The government's attention to and intervention in public health emergencies is one of the causes for the legislation on modern urban planning.It is now a critical period in the legislative formulation of China's territorial and spatial planning,which coincides with the unexpected onslaught of COVID-19.This study examines the relationship between public health emergencies and the legislations of territorial and spatial planning.It argues that the problems of spatial planning in response to public health emergencies primarily lie in the gaps between planning regulations and public health,emergency management,the overdue institutionalization of planning techniques,the lack of focus of planning legislations,etc.The legislation of territorial and spatial planning should be based on the governance of urban safety,health,and emergency service facilities,which aims to improve the emergency service facility system,the innovation of planning formulation technical system,and strengthen the responsiveness of planning to public health emergencies,so as to create high-quality,high-class,and resilient urban and rural spaces.
基金jointly funded by the National Social Science Fund of China(16BKS069)the General Project of Beijing Academy of Social Sciences:Research on Beijing Urban Governance System。
文摘While cities witness the dramatic changes in external morphology amid rapid urban transition,their internal governance structure should be adjusted accordingly.Based on investigations,this study summarizes the urban management model of the S District of Beijing characterized by"integration"and a"downward shift."It finds that,in practice,there are often such problems as having a defective organization,single participant,imperfect institution and mechanism,weak comprehensive law enforcing,and backward urban management informatization.To solve these problems,it is urgent to transform the old urban administration framework to a new urban governance system.Based on the theory of governance,this paper develops a theoretical framework of an urban governance system that consists of the four layers of goal,idea,driving force,and task,in order to guide the modernization of urban governance.
