冰荷载是影响海上风力机安全运行的重要决定性因素,严重时会致使海上风力机结构发生冰激振动破坏和冰激疲劳失效。该研究基于粘聚单元(cohesive element method,CEM)-有限元(finite element method,FEM)耦合方法,通过非线性分布弹簧考虑...冰荷载是影响海上风力机安全运行的重要决定性因素,严重时会致使海上风力机结构发生冰激振动破坏和冰激疲劳失效。该研究基于粘聚单元(cohesive element method,CEM)-有限元(finite element method,FEM)耦合方法,通过非线性分布弹簧考虑桩-土相互作用,建立海冰-寒区单桩海上风力机结构在风-冰联合作用下的整体耦合冰激振动非线性有限元模型。进而,基于非线性数值仿真工具LS-DYNA,分别模拟冰与直立结构和带有抗冰锥的基础结构相互作用过程,并与现有的挤压和弯曲冰力模型进行对比,验证该研究模拟动冰荷载的准确性,讨论两种冰破坏模式下动冰荷载的变化规律。最后,为解决海上风力机发生的强烈冰激振动问题,分别采用振动控制方法和施加抗冰锥的方式,开展风、冰联合作用下海上风力机动冰力和动力响应研究,对比分析以上两种减振方式的减振机理和减振效果差异。结果表明,虽然抗冰锥可明显降低冰-海上风力机相互作用的动冰荷载幅值,然而采用振动控制策略的海上风力机减振效果明显优于抗冰锥。因此,在海上风力机的冰激结构损伤研究和抗冰设计中必须分别考虑以上两种减振方式对结构的影响。展开更多
The dynamic characteristics and structural responses of operation and grid loss offshore wind turbines(OWTs)under onshore and seafloor earthquakes are analyzed based on the established coupled seismic analysis model.I...The dynamic characteristics and structural responses of operation and grid loss offshore wind turbines(OWTs)under onshore and seafloor earthquakes are analyzed based on the established coupled seismic analysis model.In addition to the remarkable influence of the rotor system on the responses of the operation OWT under earthquakes,interactions among the natural modes of the grid loss OWT in the fore-aft and side-to-side directions are revealed.By comparing with the onshore earthquakes,the more significant differences of structural response are observed under the selected seafloor earthquakes,due to the longer duration and more abundant energy distribution around the natural frequencies of OWT.Concurrently,a multiple tuned mass damper(MTMD)is designed and applied to the operation and grid loss OWTs.Then,the comparisons of the mitigation effects under onshore and seafloor ground motions are carried out,and the necessity of applying seafloor ground motions to OWTs are proved.Moreover,in comparison to the operation OWT,more effective reductions are observed for the grid loss OWT under onshore and seafloor earthquakes using the designed MTMD.Therefore,the combined shutdown procedures and MTMD vibration control strategy is suggested for OWTs under earthquakes.展开更多
文摘冰荷载是影响海上风力机安全运行的重要决定性因素,严重时会致使海上风力机结构发生冰激振动破坏和冰激疲劳失效。该研究基于粘聚单元(cohesive element method,CEM)-有限元(finite element method,FEM)耦合方法,通过非线性分布弹簧考虑桩-土相互作用,建立海冰-寒区单桩海上风力机结构在风-冰联合作用下的整体耦合冰激振动非线性有限元模型。进而,基于非线性数值仿真工具LS-DYNA,分别模拟冰与直立结构和带有抗冰锥的基础结构相互作用过程,并与现有的挤压和弯曲冰力模型进行对比,验证该研究模拟动冰荷载的准确性,讨论两种冰破坏模式下动冰荷载的变化规律。最后,为解决海上风力机发生的强烈冰激振动问题,分别采用振动控制方法和施加抗冰锥的方式,开展风、冰联合作用下海上风力机动冰力和动力响应研究,对比分析以上两种减振方式的减振机理和减振效果差异。结果表明,虽然抗冰锥可明显降低冰-海上风力机相互作用的动冰荷载幅值,然而采用振动控制策略的海上风力机减振效果明显优于抗冰锥。因此,在海上风力机的冰激结构损伤研究和抗冰设计中必须分别考虑以上两种减振方式对结构的影响。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.52001052 and 51939002。
文摘The dynamic characteristics and structural responses of operation and grid loss offshore wind turbines(OWTs)under onshore and seafloor earthquakes are analyzed based on the established coupled seismic analysis model.In addition to the remarkable influence of the rotor system on the responses of the operation OWT under earthquakes,interactions among the natural modes of the grid loss OWT in the fore-aft and side-to-side directions are revealed.By comparing with the onshore earthquakes,the more significant differences of structural response are observed under the selected seafloor earthquakes,due to the longer duration and more abundant energy distribution around the natural frequencies of OWT.Concurrently,a multiple tuned mass damper(MTMD)is designed and applied to the operation and grid loss OWTs.Then,the comparisons of the mitigation effects under onshore and seafloor ground motions are carried out,and the necessity of applying seafloor ground motions to OWTs are proved.Moreover,in comparison to the operation OWT,more effective reductions are observed for the grid loss OWT under onshore and seafloor earthquakes using the designed MTMD.Therefore,the combined shutdown procedures and MTMD vibration control strategy is suggested for OWTs under earthquakes.
