Dear Editor,In this letter,a novel hierarchical fusion framework is proposed to address the imperfect data property in complex medical image analysis(MIA)scenes.In particular,by combining the strengths of convolutiona...Dear Editor,In this letter,a novel hierarchical fusion framework is proposed to address the imperfect data property in complex medical image analysis(MIA)scenes.In particular,by combining the strengths of convolutional neural networks(CNNs)and transformers,the enhanced feature extraction,spatial modeling,and sequential context learning are realized to provide comprehensive insights on the complex data patterns.Integration of information in different level is enabled via a multi-attention fusion mechanism,and the tensor decomposition methods are adopted so that compact and distinctive representation of the underlying and high-dimensional medical image features can be accomplished[1].It is shown from the evaluation results that the proposed framework is competitive and superior as compared with some other advanced algorithms,which effectively handles the imperfect property of inter-class similarity and intra-class differences in diseases,and meanwhile,the model complexity is reduced within an acceptable level,which benefits the deployment in clinic practice.MIA has assumed a pivotal role in numerous critical clinical scenarios,where sophisticated image analysis techniques have proven instrumental in augmenting medical decision-making,facilitating individualized therapeutic interventions,and enhancing patient prognostication[2]−[4].展开更多
The yellow light dilemma zone is widely known as an area on the high-speed intersection ap- proach, where vehicles neither safely stop before the stop line nor proceed through the intersection dur- ing amber interval....The yellow light dilemma zone is widely known as an area on the high-speed intersection ap- proach, where vehicles neither safely stop before the stop line nor proceed through the intersection dur- ing amber interval. Within such an area, a vehicle might be involved in a right-angle crash or rear-end collision. This issue has been extensively discussed over five decades in traffic engineering field, cov- eting from theory to practice. However, few comprehensive review literatures on the amber signal di- lemma zone problems can be found. The objective of this paper is to summarize the evolution of yellow light dilemma zone researches. Basic definition and boundary of dilemma zone followed by driver be- havior and dilemma zone hazard measurement are depicted. At last, the future directions of yellow light dilemma zone research are discussed.展开更多
Six binuclear rare earth compounds were synthesized through the ligand of 4-Bromo-N-hydroxy-Nmethyl-benzamide（sH_2 bha）. Compounds 1-3 are isomorphous, and compound 1 is crystallized in the monoclinic system with th...Six binuclear rare earth compounds were synthesized through the ligand of 4-Bromo-N-hydroxy-Nmethyl-benzamide（sH_2 bha）. Compounds 1-3 are isomorphous, and compound 1 is crystallized in the monoclinic system with the P2_1/c space group. Compounds 4 and 5 are isomorphous, and compound 4 is crystallized in the triclinic system with the P-1 space group. Compound 6 is crystallized in the triclinic system with the P-1 space group. The compounds were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） and IR spectroscopy. The fluorescence spectrum in the visible area shows characteristic peaks of Eu, Tb, and Dy compounds. The efficiency of Eu compound on the viability of PC3 cells was assessed using CCK8 assays. From the CCK8 results, ionic concentration may have a great effect on PC3 cells＇ proliferation. Eu compound shows red fluorescence in the cytoplasm of PC3 cell. As for Eu compound, it might have potential application in cell imaging technology.展开更多
Gamma-aminobutyric acid( GABA) is a four-carbon non-protein amino acid conserved from bacteria to plants and vertebrates. Increasing evidence supports a regulatory role for GABA in plant development and the plant'...Gamma-aminobutyric acid( GABA) is a four-carbon non-protein amino acid conserved from bacteria to plants and vertebrates. Increasing evidence supports a regulatory role for GABA in plant development and the plant's response to environmental stress. The biosynthesis of nicotine,the main economically important metabolite in tobacco,is tightly regulated. GABA has not hitherto been reported to function in nicotine biosynthesis. Here we found that water flooding treatment( hypoxia) markedly induced the accumulation of GABA and stimulated nicotine biosynthesis. Suppressing GABA accumulation by treatment with glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor impaired flooding-induced nicotine biosynthesis,while exogenous GABA application directly induced nicotine biosynthesis. Based on these results,we propose that GABA triggers nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco seedlings subjected to flooding. Our results provide insight into the molecular mechanism of nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco plants exposed to environmental stress.展开更多
Jasmonate(JA),as an important signal,plays a key role in multiple processes of plant growth,development and stress response.Nicotine and related pyridine alkaloids in tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) are essential second...Jasmonate(JA),as an important signal,plays a key role in multiple processes of plant growth,development and stress response.Nicotine and related pyridine alkaloids in tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) are essential secondary metabolites.Whether environmental factors control nicotine biosynthesis and the underlying mechanism remains previously unreported.Here,we applied physiological and biochemical approaches to investigate how salt stress affects nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco.We found that salt stress induced the biosynthesis of JA,which subsequently triggered the activation of JA-responsive gene expression and,ultimately,nicotine synthesis.Bioinformatics analysis revealed the existence of many Nt MYC2a-recognized G-box motifs in the promoter regions of Nt LOX,Nt AOS,Nt AOC and Nt OPR genes.Applying exogenous JA increased nicotine content,while suppressing JA biosynthesis reduced nicotine biosynthesis.Salt treatment could not efficiently induce nicotine biosynthesis in transgenic anti-COI1 tobacco plants.These results demonstrate that JA acts as the essential signal which triggers nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco after salt stress.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62073271)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(20720220076)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of the Fujian Province of China(2023 J06010).
文摘Dear Editor,In this letter,a novel hierarchical fusion framework is proposed to address the imperfect data property in complex medical image analysis(MIA)scenes.In particular,by combining the strengths of convolutional neural networks(CNNs)and transformers,the enhanced feature extraction,spatial modeling,and sequential context learning are realized to provide comprehensive insights on the complex data patterns.Integration of information in different level is enabled via a multi-attention fusion mechanism,and the tensor decomposition methods are adopted so that compact and distinctive representation of the underlying and high-dimensional medical image features can be accomplished[1].It is shown from the evaluation results that the proposed framework is competitive and superior as compared with some other advanced algorithms,which effectively handles the imperfect property of inter-class similarity and intra-class differences in diseases,and meanwhile,the model complexity is reduced within an acceptable level,which benefits the deployment in clinic practice.MIA has assumed a pivotal role in numerous critical clinical scenarios,where sophisticated image analysis techniques have proven instrumental in augmenting medical decision-making,facilitating individualized therapeutic interventions,and enhancing patient prognostication[2]−[4].
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0703600 and 2021YFA0718703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51825104,52192602 and T2222028)the CAS Projects(2022007 and XDB30000000)。
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No . 51208238 )the Science & Technology Plan Program of Yunnan Province , China ( No . 2013CA025 )
文摘The yellow light dilemma zone is widely known as an area on the high-speed intersection ap- proach, where vehicles neither safely stop before the stop line nor proceed through the intersection dur- ing amber interval. Within such an area, a vehicle might be involved in a right-angle crash or rear-end collision. This issue has been extensively discussed over five decades in traffic engineering field, cov- eting from theory to practice. However, few comprehensive review literatures on the amber signal di- lemma zone problems can be found. The objective of this paper is to summarize the evolution of yellow light dilemma zone researches. Basic definition and boundary of dilemma zone followed by driver be- havior and dilemma zone hazard measurement are depicted. At last, the future directions of yellow light dilemma zone research are discussed.
基金Project supported by State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources(Guangxi Normal University)(CMEMR2016-B12)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572492,21401031,21371103,31372482)+3 种基金the Innovative and Entrepreneurial Training Plan for Tianjin College Students(201710061035)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(12JCZDJC22100)the General Fund of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology Program of Tianjin(14JCYBJC30000)the Veterinary Biotechnology Scientific Research Innovation Team of Tianjin,China(TD12-5019)
文摘Six binuclear rare earth compounds were synthesized through the ligand of 4-Bromo-N-hydroxy-Nmethyl-benzamide（sH_2 bha）. Compounds 1-3 are isomorphous, and compound 1 is crystallized in the monoclinic system with the P2_1/c space group. Compounds 4 and 5 are isomorphous, and compound 4 is crystallized in the triclinic system with the P-1 space group. Compound 6 is crystallized in the triclinic system with the P-1 space group. The compounds were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） and IR spectroscopy. The fluorescence spectrum in the visible area shows characteristic peaks of Eu, Tb, and Dy compounds. The efficiency of Eu compound on the viability of PC3 cells was assessed using CCK8 assays. From the CCK8 results, ionic concentration may have a great effect on PC3 cells＇ proliferation. Eu compound shows red fluorescence in the cytoplasm of PC3 cell. As for Eu compound, it might have potential application in cell imaging technology.
基金supported by major Science and Technology Program ( 110201101003-TS-03,TS-02-20110014,2011YN02 and 2011YN03)
文摘Gamma-aminobutyric acid( GABA) is a four-carbon non-protein amino acid conserved from bacteria to plants and vertebrates. Increasing evidence supports a regulatory role for GABA in plant development and the plant's response to environmental stress. The biosynthesis of nicotine,the main economically important metabolite in tobacco,is tightly regulated. GABA has not hitherto been reported to function in nicotine biosynthesis. Here we found that water flooding treatment( hypoxia) markedly induced the accumulation of GABA and stimulated nicotine biosynthesis. Suppressing GABA accumulation by treatment with glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor impaired flooding-induced nicotine biosynthesis,while exogenous GABA application directly induced nicotine biosynthesis. Based on these results,we propose that GABA triggers nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco seedlings subjected to flooding. Our results provide insight into the molecular mechanism of nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco plants exposed to environmental stress.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Program NOs.110201101003-TS-03,2011YN02 and 2011YN03
文摘Jasmonate(JA),as an important signal,plays a key role in multiple processes of plant growth,development and stress response.Nicotine and related pyridine alkaloids in tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) are essential secondary metabolites.Whether environmental factors control nicotine biosynthesis and the underlying mechanism remains previously unreported.Here,we applied physiological and biochemical approaches to investigate how salt stress affects nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco.We found that salt stress induced the biosynthesis of JA,which subsequently triggered the activation of JA-responsive gene expression and,ultimately,nicotine synthesis.Bioinformatics analysis revealed the existence of many Nt MYC2a-recognized G-box motifs in the promoter regions of Nt LOX,Nt AOS,Nt AOC and Nt OPR genes.Applying exogenous JA increased nicotine content,while suppressing JA biosynthesis reduced nicotine biosynthesis.Salt treatment could not efficiently induce nicotine biosynthesis in transgenic anti-COI1 tobacco plants.These results demonstrate that JA acts as the essential signal which triggers nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco after salt stress.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0703600 and2017YFB0701900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51825104,51801095,11790291 and 61888102)+1 种基金CAS projects(XDB30000000)the Key Basic and Applied Research Program of Guangdong Province of China(2019B030302010)。
