As a new-style stochastic algorithm, the electromagnetism-like mechanism（EM） method gains more and more attention from many researchers in recent years. A novel model based on EM（NMEM） for multiobjective optimizat...As a new-style stochastic algorithm, the electromagnetism-like mechanism（EM） method gains more and more attention from many researchers in recent years. A novel model based on EM（NMEM） for multiobjective optimization problems is proposed, which regards the charge of all particles as the constraints in the current population and the measure of the uniformity of non-dominated solutions as the objective function. The charge of the particle is evaluated based on the dominated concept, and its magnitude determines the direction of a force between two particles. Numerical studies are carried out on six complex test functions and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed NMEM algorithm is a very robust method for solving the multiobjective optimization problems.展开更多
A new state-of-the-art indoor smog chamber facility(CAPS-ZJU) has been constructed and characterized at Zhejiang University,which is designed for chemical mechanism evaluation under well-controlled conditions.A series...A new state-of-the-art indoor smog chamber facility(CAPS-ZJU) has been constructed and characterized at Zhejiang University,which is designed for chemical mechanism evaluation under well-controlled conditions.A series of characterization experiments were performed to validate the well-established experimental protocols,including temperature variation pattern,light spectrum and equivalent intensity(JNO2),injection and mixing performance,as well as gases and particle wall loss.In addition,based on some characterization experiments,the auxiliary wall mechanism has been setup and examined.Fifty chamber experiments were performed across a broad range of experimental scenarios,and we demonstrated the ability to utilize these chamber data for evaluating SAPRC chemical mechanism.It was found that the SAPRC-11 can well predict the 03 formation and NO oxidation for almost all propene runs,with 6 hr △(O3-NO) model error of-3%±7%,while the final O3 was underestimated by-20% for isoprene experiments.As for toluene and p-xylene experiments,it was confirmed that SAPRC-11 has significant improvement on aromatic chemistry than earlier version of SAPRC-07,although the aromatic decay rate was still underestimated to some extent.The model sensitivity test has been carried out,and the most sensitive parameters identified are the initial concentrations of reactants and the light intensity as well as HONO offgasing rate and 03 wall loss rate.All of which demonstrated that CAPS-ZJU smog chamber could derive high quality experimental data,and could provide insights on chamber studies and chemical mechanism development.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60873099)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2011QNA29)
文摘As a new-style stochastic algorithm, the electromagnetism-like mechanism（EM） method gains more and more attention from many researchers in recent years. A novel model based on EM（NMEM） for multiobjective optimization problems is proposed, which regards the charge of all particles as the constraints in the current population and the measure of the uniformity of non-dominated solutions as the objective function. The charge of the particle is evaluated based on the dominated concept, and its magnitude determines the direction of a force between two particles. Numerical studies are carried out on six complex test functions and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed NMEM algorithm is a very robust method for solving the multiobjective optimization problems.
基金supported by the Natural Science Founda-tion of China(No.51876190)the Environmental Protection Agency of Hangzhou(No.2017-008)+1 种基金the Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51621005)the program of Introducing Talents of Dis-cipline to University(No.B08026)
文摘A new state-of-the-art indoor smog chamber facility(CAPS-ZJU) has been constructed and characterized at Zhejiang University,which is designed for chemical mechanism evaluation under well-controlled conditions.A series of characterization experiments were performed to validate the well-established experimental protocols,including temperature variation pattern,light spectrum and equivalent intensity(JNO2),injection and mixing performance,as well as gases and particle wall loss.In addition,based on some characterization experiments,the auxiliary wall mechanism has been setup and examined.Fifty chamber experiments were performed across a broad range of experimental scenarios,and we demonstrated the ability to utilize these chamber data for evaluating SAPRC chemical mechanism.It was found that the SAPRC-11 can well predict the 03 formation and NO oxidation for almost all propene runs,with 6 hr △(O3-NO) model error of-3%±7%,while the final O3 was underestimated by-20% for isoprene experiments.As for toluene and p-xylene experiments,it was confirmed that SAPRC-11 has significant improvement on aromatic chemistry than earlier version of SAPRC-07,although the aromatic decay rate was still underestimated to some extent.The model sensitivity test has been carried out,and the most sensitive parameters identified are the initial concentrations of reactants and the light intensity as well as HONO offgasing rate and 03 wall loss rate.All of which demonstrated that CAPS-ZJU smog chamber could derive high quality experimental data,and could provide insights on chamber studies and chemical mechanism development.
