DYNAMICS OF A HEPATITIS B MODEL WITH SATURATED INCIDENCE

In this article, we present a hepatitis B epidemic model with saturated incidence.The dynamic behaviors of the deterministic and stochastic system are studied. To thisend, we first establish the local and global stability conditions of the equilibrium of thedeterministic model. Second, by constructing suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions, thesufficient conditions for the existence of ergodic stationary distribution as well as extinctionof hepatitis B are obtained.

Efficacy of Carbamazepine Combined with Botulinum Toxin A in the Treatment of Blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm

Purpose:To observe the efficacy of the combined treatment of carbamazepine and botulinum toxin A for blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. Methods:Fifty-eight patients with either blepharospasm or hemifacial spasm were randomly divided into treatment and control groups. In the treatment group, 30 patients were administered with local intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A and oral carbamazepine 100 mg/time,3 times/day for 60 days. Twenty-eight subjects in the control group under-went local intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A only. Results:After combined treatment, the complete remission rate was 90%, which was significantly higher than that of the of the control group (67.9% , P<0.05,χ2 =4.733). However, no statistical significance was noted regarding the duration of therapeutic effects between the treatment group (range 14～40 weeks; 19.2 weeks on average) and control group (range 12～36 weeks; 18 weeks on average). Conclusion:The combined therapy of carbamazepine and topical injections of botulinum toxin A had increased efficacy in the treatment of blepharospasm or hemifacial spasm, but had no significant effect in terms of the duration of the therapeutic effect.

Statistical analysis for genome-wide association study

In the past few years, genome-wide association study （GWAS） has made great successes in identifying genetic susceptibility loci underlying many complex diseases and traits. The findings provide important genetic insights into understanding pathogenesis of diseases. In this paper, we present an overview of widely used approaches and strategies for analysis of GWAS, offered a general consideration to deal with GWAS data. The issues regarding data quality control, population structure, association analysis, multiple comparison and visual presentation of GWAS results are discussed; other advanced topics including the issue of missing heritability, meta-analysis, setbased association analysis, copy number variation analysis and GWAS cohort analysis are also briefly introduced.

Psychiatric risk gene transcription factor 4 preferentially regulates cortical interneuron neurogenesis during early brain development

Genetic variants within or near the transcription factor 4 gene(TCF4)are robustly implicated in psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia.However,the biological pleiotropy poses considerable obstacles to dissect the potential relationship between TCF4 and those highly heterogeneous diseases.Through integrative transcriptomic analysis,we demonstrated that TCF4 is preferentially expressed in cortical interneurons during early brain development.Therefore,disruptions of interneuron development might be the underlying contribution of TCF4 perturbation to a range of neurodevelopmental disorders.Here,we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq)of TCF4 on human medial ganglionic eminence-like organoids(hMGEOs)to identify genome-wide TCF4 binding sites,followed by integration of multi-omics data from human fetal brain.We observed preferential expression of the isoform TCF4-B over TCF4-A.De novo motif analysis found that the identified 5916 TCF4 binding sites are significantly enriched for the E-box sequence.The predicted TCF4 targets in general have positively correlated expression levels with TCF4 in the cortical interneurons,and are primarily involved in biological processes related to neurogenesis.Interestingly,we found that TCF4 interacts with non-bHLH proteins such as FOS/JUN,which may underlie the functional specificity of TCF4 in hMGEOs.This study highlights the regulatory role of TCF4 in interneuron development and provides compelling evidence to support the biological rationale linking TCF4 to the developing cortical interneuron and psychiatric disorders.

监管套利、信息透明度与银行的影子——基于中国商业银行理财产品业务的角度

本文通过构建理财产品供给-需求模型,得到提升理财产品透明度能够缓解影子银行风险承担行为,但不一定会抑制银行表外理财业务发展的理论结果。利用2006—2016年理财产品的数据对理论模型进行实证检验,结果表明监管套利是商业银行大力扩张表外理财业务的动因之一,银行透明度和理财产品透明度的提高能够缓解监管压力导致的影子银行过度风险承担行为,但不必然会抑制银行理财产品业务的发展。基于此实证结果,本文提出了相关政策建议。

分析师自身乐观性:“成竹在胸”抑或“夸夸其谈”?——基于语音情绪的实证研究

本文基于上市公司电话会议音频,利用语音情绪分析技术构建证券分析师自身乐观性的代理变量,实证研究了分析师盈余预测乐观性的产生机理。研究发现:(1)电话会议语音情绪可以较好代理分析师自身乐观性;(2)电话会议上普通分析师的乐观表现存在"夸夸其谈"的成分,而明星分析师则会展现出一定信息优势,更多是"成竹在胸"的体现;(3)分析师所在券商整体乐观预测的氛围可能是造成普通分析师"夸夸其谈"的重要影响因素。

生产效率驱动的并购——基于中国上市公司微观层面数据的实证研究

企业并购是否创造价值一直是学术界以及社会公众的重要议题。本文利用2004—2014年中国沪深两市A股上市公司的面板数据实证研究了不同企业的效率差异对企业并购决策的影响。研究表明:(1)那些中等规模且盈利能力较强的高生产率企业倾向于收购规模较小但经营良好的低生产率企业;(2)在收购之后,收购方提高了标的方的生产效率和产出。因此,生产率差异是驱动并购的关键因素,并购的确可以创造价值、可以改善资源的配置效率。

Formal Reasoning About Finite-State Discrete-Time Markov Chains in HOL

Markov chains are extensively used in modeling different aspects of engineering and scientific systems, such as performance of algorithms and reliability of systems. Different techniques have been developed for analyzing Markovian models, for example, Markov Chain Monte Carlo based simulation, Markov Analyzer, and more recently probabilistic model- checking. However, these techniques either do not guarantee accurate analysis or are not scalable. Higher-order-logic theorem proving is a formal method that has the ability to overcome the above mentioned limitations. However, it is not mature enough to handle all sorts of Markovian models. In this paper, we propose a formalization of Discrete-Time Markov Chain （DTMC） that facilitates formal reasoning about time-homogeneous finite-state discrete-time Markov chain. In particular, we provide a formal verification on some of its important properties, such as joint probabilities, Chapman-Kolmogorov equation, reversibility property, using higher-order logic. To demonstrate the usefulness of our work, we analyze two applications： a simplified binary communication channel and the Automatic Mail Quality Measurement protocol.

Corporate Power for Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from the Poverty Alleviation Results of Chinese Listed Companies

Government-led poverty alleviation faces multiple constraints and limitations fighting poverty,and it is urgent to mobilize social forces as many as possible,especially the involvement of corporate forces.To figure out whether corporate participation is effective to poverty alleviation and whether regional differences have an impact on it,this paper probes into results of corporate involvement in poverty alleviation,based on corporate social responsibility report information released by A-share listed companies in 2010-2017.The findings are as follows.(1)Companies in the western region,companies directly contacting consumers and large companies with good business performance are more willing to involve in poverty alleviation.(2)The participation of enterprises in poverty alleviation can increase the per capita income of rural residents,which is even better in underdeveloped areas.This revealed that social forces represented by companies have responded to China’s call of targeted poverty alleviation and fulfilled corporate social responsibilities,which will indeed help consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation and lift underdeveloped areas out of poverty.From the perspective of corporate involvement in poverty alleviation,this paper extends related research on social forces and another participant in poverty alleviation,and enrich the literature on social benefits brought by companies performing social responsibilities.

An Empirical Study on Teachers’ Informationized Teaching Ability in Higher Vocational Colleges

Information-based teaching plays a positive role in enhancing the interaction between teachers and students in vocational colleges,motivating students’learning interests and improving teaching efficiency.This paper aims at analyzing the reliability,validity and factors of the questionnaire designed for evaluating teachers’ability of educational informationization in higher vocational colleges.The research results show that the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of the designed questionnaire is 0.899,which indicates that the reliability test results are good and can be generalized.KMO value is 0.886,Bartlett’s sphericity test value is 2492.773,and the significance level is less than 0.05.It is shown the overall level of validity is good,while the local reliability and validity need to be strengthened.In aspect of educational informationization practice,male teachers and female teachers behave different.Moreover,most teachers give lowscores to informationization environment.Finally,analytical results show information-based teaching is important and the classroom teaching efficiency is improved with it.